LOW COST BUILDING

CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGIES CUM
TECHNIQUES
B.ARCH 8TH SEM
SUBMITTED TO AR.MINAKSHI MEHTA
SUBMITTED BY YATIN GOYAL
CHANDAN KATHPAL
TENZIN PALDEN

HOW WE CAN IMPIMENT LOW COST

CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES ?

Construction of low cost BUILDINGSby using the

low cost building materials increases the access to
buildings by low income group peoples .

Low cost housing can be achieved by use of

efficient planning and project management, low
cost materials, economical construction
technologies and use of alternate construction
methods available.

The use of low cost alternate building materials also

prevents the rise of construction cost due to use of
scarce building materials which eventually increase
the cost of the project.

Selection of Materials for

Low Cost ! (PRE-BUILDPOST)

The first step to low cost housing material selection is to

select ecofriendly building materials.

The life cycle of a building is pre-building, building and

post-building stages.

These three stages indicate flow of building materials

through different stages of a building.

Pre-building stage mainly consists of manufacture which

is subdivided in processing, packing and transport. The
building phase mainly consists of construction, operation
and maintenance whilst as the last stage would be
disposal where the material can be recycled or reused .

KEY FACTORS FOR LOW COST

CONSTRUCTION !

1) In Manufacturing of low cost building materials

Pollution prevention .

2) Recycling of wastes in Manufacturing.

3) Reducing Energy Consumption and use of Natural

materials.

4) Use of Local material.

5) Energy Efficiency.

6)Use of non-toxic building materials.

7) Longitivity, durability and maintenance of building

material

8) Recyclability and reusability of building material.

9) Biodegrability

DEFINING SOLUTIONS.

1.

TECHNIQUES
2. TECHNOLOGIES.
3. MATERIALS..

Technology

First ever non Pre- Fab, most cost effective Low Cost Housing solution that
can be made in 24 hrs per house that too with conventional building
materials which are cast at site. A house complete with window, doors and
electrical paneling in less than 24 hrs. If only ground floor is required, there
is no need for foundation as well.

Advantages

Quick construction in 24 hrs per house

Solid RCC construction for 100 years

Requires no foundation

Earthquake resistant

Removable, Reusable materials

Maintenance free

Part of cost recovery after dismantle

CNTN..

In prefabricated construction, as the components are

readymade, self supporting, shuttering and scaffolding is
eliminated with a saving in shuttering cost.

Concept of prefabrication / partial prefabrication has been

adopted for speedier construction, better quality
components & saving in material quantities & costs .Some of
these construction techniques & Materials for walls,
roof & floor slab, doors & windows .

PREFAB SLAB OR PANEL

Precast R.C. Planks

Precast R C Plank and Joist

System

Planks laid over partially precast

joists

Demonstrations
Construction Using CostEffective & Disaster
Resistant Technologies

Demonstration Housing Project at

Laggerre, Bangalore, Karnataka.

(Figures 14 and 15) Project Profile:- Name

of scheme
:
VAMBAY Ministry of
HUPA

Location of site :

Laggere, Bangalore

No. of Units

252 (Ground +2)

Built-up area of a unit

Unit consist of :
bath room, 1WC

2 rooms 1 kitchen, 1

Cost per unit

Rs.60000

Cost per Sqft

Rs.218/-

Nodal State Agency

clearance Board

275sq.ft

Karnataka slum

Technologies /
Specification Foundation

Doors & Windows

Pre-cast RCC door frames

Random Rubble Stone Masonry

Walling
Coir polymer Door shutters Solid Concrete blocks for 200mm thick
walls ,Clay Bricks for partition walls
Steel Sheet window
RCC Plinth Band for Earthquake
shutter
resistance
Roof/Floor
RC Filler slab using clay bricks as fillers
ground
RC slab for second floor

Environment Friendly
Building
Material Technologies
Lime-Sand Bricks
Use

For load bearing walls of low-rise buildings;

A good substitute for clay brick.

Production Capacity

30 million pieces of brick per year

Size of product

24011553mm

Main equipment
Crushing machine,
Ball mill, mixer,
Brick forming machine,
High pressure steam vessel,
Boiler.

OTHER
Cement-waste slag brick
Use

For load bearing walls of low-rise buildings.

Features

A lot of waste slag can be recycled.

Either natural curing or steam curing for bricks

Use
For walls
Features
Wide source of raw materials Simple
manufacturing process
High construction speed
The same process for Fly ash concrete block
Size of product
390190190mm

Concrete hollow block

OTHERS

Decorative Concrete Block

Use
For decoration of exterior walls
Features
Combination of structural
function and decorative function;

Lightweight Concrete Hollow Panel

for walling system of steel reinforced
concrete - lightweight panel system.
Features
3E panel (Ecological, Extruding
Process, Economical)
Specially designed for low-cost
house.
3E house (Easy, Energy-saving,
Ensure) can be installed and rapidly
constructed
with 3E panels.
Excellent shock resistance: postcasted stem, panel and ring beam
form an
integrated structure

Foam Fly Ash - Concrete

Panel
Use

Foam fly ash - concrete panel for Partition wall, sandwiched external wall
panel,

Reinforced hollow floor panel, sandwiched roof panel

Features

Easily worked and rapid on-site

assembly

Light weight

Fire resistant

Energy efficient: 80%

Excellent acoustic performance

Designed for inner comfort: cooler

in summer, warmer in winter

Glass-fiber Reinforced
Concrete
Use

Suitable for load bearing wall of 1 to 2 stories buildings and non-load

bearing wall of

high-rise buildings.

Features

Easy and quick construction: all the building materials needed for a
280m2 house

can be transported by a truck; 8 workers can complete the house in 2

weeks;

Light weight: 35-50kg/m2;

High shock resistance;

Good heat insulation;

High durability;

OTHER.
Colored Cement
Tile for Roofing

Concrete Paving Block

Hollow Gypsum Board

& Blocks

Architect WHO ARE MASTERS IN LOW

COST CONSTRUCTION

AR. LAURI BAKER

PROF. ANIL LAUL

NARIMAN NARI GANDHI

DIDI CONTRACTOR

USED TECHNOLOGIS
A FRAME

ARE WELD FROM INCEPTION.

THESE MEMBERS ARE MORE RESILENT THEN

RAILFORCEMENT CEMENT.

CONCRETE HAVE A LARGER STRENGTH EVEN

WITHOUT THE CONCRETE COMPNONENT.

THIS FORM CONSUMES 30% LESS STEEL.

REQUIRED MINIMUM FORM WORK FOR

FILLING .

THE MEMBER CAN BE FILLED WITH

CONCRETE AT ANY TIME SUBSTIQUENTLY

Triangle + triangle = surface of sphere .

COST REDUCTION
TECNOLOGIES
1. FOUNDATION.

NORMALY THE FONDATION COST COMES TO ABOUT 10 TO 15% OF

THE TOTAL BUILDING AND FOUNDATION DEPTH OF 3 TO 4 FT. +
6INCH CONCRETE BED FOR SINGLE AND DOUBLE STORY BUILDINGS.
BED OF 6 INCH CONCRETE COULD BE ADOPTED.

IT IS RECOMMENDED TO ADOPT A FOUNDATION DEPTH OF 2 FT FOR

NORMAL SOIL LIKE GRAVLY SOIL , RED SOILE ETC.

IT IS FURTHER SUGESTED TO ADOPTED ARCH FOUNDATION IN

ORDINARY SOIL FOR EFFECTIVE REDUCTION IN CONSTRUCTION
COST UPTO 40%

THIS KIND OF FOUNDATION WILL HELP IN BRIDGING THE LOOSE

POKETS OF SOIL WHICH OCCURE ALONG THE FOUNDATION.

SOIL CEMENT BLOCK TECHNology

IT IS AN ENERGY EFFICIENT METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION WHERE

SOIL MIXED WITH 5% AND ABOVE CEMENT AND PRESSED IN HAND
OPRATED MACHINE AND CURVED WELL AND THEN USED IN THE
MASONERY.

THE MASONERY DOSNT REQUIERED PLASTER ON BOTH SIDE.

THE OVERALL ECONOMY THAT COULD BE ACHIEVED WITH THE

SOIL CEMENT TECHNOLOGY ABOUT 15 TO 20% .

DOORS AND WINDOW

IT IS SUGESSTED NOT USE WOOD FOR DOORS AND WINDOW

IN ITS PLACE CONCRETE OR STEEL SECTION FRAME SHALL BE
USED FOR ACHIEVING SAVING IN COST UPTO 30 TO 40% .

SIMILERLY FOR SHUTTERS COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE BLOCK

BOARDS , FIBER OR WOODEN BLOCKS USED FOR REDUCING
COST UPTO 25% .

IRON,ALUMINIUM OR CONCRETE FTAME CAN BE USED.

GOVT. ROLE IN EXTENTION OF

LOW COST BUILDING
TECHNOLOGIES

BMTPC BUILDING MATERIAL AND TECHNOLOGY

PROMOTION COUNCIL .