Public Administration

& Governance
Governance.
State of Governance in Pakistan.
Recommendations for Good
Governance in Pakistan.

Governance
Governance is generally conceived of as the

exercise of economic, political and

administrative authority in the public and
private spheres to manage a countrys resources
to improve the quality of life of the people.
The World Bank
The manner in which power is exercised in the
management of a countrys economic and social
resources

Characteristics of Good Governance

Good Governance is synonymous with

sound development practices.

good governance fosters strong and equitable

development.
It requires systems of accountability,

openness, transparency, and efficiency.

It must enable the state, society and the

private sector to enhance social development

and economic growth as a mean for human
development.
It involves civil society in national affairs by

creating civic sense among the citizens.

Provides enabling environment for businesses.
Discourages monopolies and cartels.

Rule of Law,
Justice
System,
Merit,
Democratic
Freedoms

The Governance
Model
Public
Opinion,
Electoral
Process,
Parliamentary
Accountability

Politicians
Administrati
ve
A Accountabili
ty and
Ethics

Administrati
on

Civic
Responsibility
& Social Ethics,
Social Change

Societ
y

The Fiscal Accountability Cycle

The Accountability Relationship

The PAC

The
Executive

The Audit
7

Foundations of Good Governance

The foundations of good governance rest on;
Freedom
2. Equality
3. Equity
4. Justice
1.

Honesty
6. Fair play
7. Transparency
8. Accountability
5.

Rul
e of
Law

Civic
Culture

The Key Dimensions of Good

Governance
1. Legislative framework for Development
2. Institutional capacity
3. Efficiency & Effectiveness
4. Public Sector Management

The Six Core Principles of G.G. by Goran

Hyden
Accountability:
government is able and willing to show that its

actions and decisions are consistent with its

objectives.

Transparency:
government actions, decisions and decision-

making processes are open to scrutiny by others

parts of government and civil society.

Efficiency & Effectiveness:

government strives to produce quality public
services delivered to citizens, at the best cost, and
ensures that outputs meet the original intentions of
policymakers.

Participation:
All men and women should have a voice in

decision-making, either directly or through

legitimate institutions that represent their
interests.

Fairness:
Legal frameworks should be fair and enforced

impartially

Decency:
government promotes responsible civic

citizenship, politeness and human values in the

conduct of societal affairs.

State of Governance in Pakistan

Poor Economic Management
Flawed Fiscal Administration
Bad Expenditure Management
Poor Revenue Collection and resource Generation
Rising Public Debt

Poor Planning and Development Infrastructure

The Cancer of Corruption
Chronic Political Instability
Declining Citizens Confidence in Governments
Institutional Decay

Seven Pillars of Good Governance. Dr Ishrat

Hussain
At the very outset, in Pakistan, the process of

good governance can be initiated by

strengthening;
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

The
The
The
The
The
The
The

Parliamentary Committees
Auditor General of Pakistan
SBP
FBR
Public Service Commissions
Ombudsmen
Election Commission

Suggestions
Begin accountability from the top
Enact legislation to improve

accountability, ensure transparency,

punish the corrupt severely, and
ensure time bound action
Require public officials to declare
their assets
Implement core institutional reforms
and repair corrupt systems
Ensure an active and free press

Suggestions
political stability for stable

macroeconomic environment,
Improving the quality of basic
services,
effective land reforms,
a merit based, efficient and
competent bureaucracy,

Conclusion
Citizens need to demand good

governance. Their ability to do so

is only enhanced by awareness,
education, participation and
employment opportunities.

 Css-15
Q. No. 4. Describe the basic elements of good Governance

and evaluate the role of media and civil society institutions

in improving the performance of government.
Css-11
Q.6. Explain the concept of Good Governance. How can
good governance ensure efficient and effective public
service delivery at the grass roots level in Pakistan?
Css-10
Q.6. What is good governance? Explain the role of public
administration in good governance particularly with
reference to Pakistan.

Q&A