CONTRIBUTIONS OF SCIENCE

AND TECHNOLOGY TO
HUMAN REPRODUTION

What is FAMILY PLANNING ???

FAMILY PLANNING
HELPS

To overcome problems in human

reproduction
Applied in : a) birth control to avoid unwanted
pregnancy
b) to overcome sterility or infertility

Methods that prevent

Sperm from entering uterus

Condom
Acondomis a barrier
devicemost
commonly used during
sexual intercourse to
reduce the probability
of pregnancy and
spreading sexually
transmitted
diseases(STD such as
gonorrhea, syphilis,
and HIV).

VASECTOMY

Surgical procedure for male sterilization and/or

permanent birth control. During theprocedure, the
vasa deferentia of a man are severed, and then
tied/sealed in a mannersuch to preventsperm
from entering into theseminal stream (ejaculate).
Vasectomies are usually performed in a physician's
office or medical clinic

DIAPHARGM
(CONTRACEPTIVE)
The diaphragm is a cervical
barrier type of birth control.
It is a soft latex or
siliconedome with a spring
molded into the rim. The
spring creates a seal against
the walls ofthe vagina.

FEMALE CONDOM

The female condom, like

the male condom, is a
barrier contraceptive
made of latex or
polyurethane. The
condom has a ring on
each end. The ring that is
placed inside the vagina
fits over the cervix, while
the other ring, which is
open, rests outside of the
vagina and covers the
vulva. The female
condom is sold over-thecounter.

METHODS
TO PREVENT
FERTILIZATION

 Spermicide
Spermicide is a contraceptive substance that
eradicates sperm, inserted vaginally prior to
intercourse to prevent pregnancy. As a
contraceptive, spermicide may be used alone.
However, the pregnancy rate experienced by
couples using only spermicide is higher than
that of couples using other methods.

TUBAL LIGATION
Tubal ligation or tubectomy (also
known as having one's "tubes
tied" (ligation)) is a surgical
procedure for sterilization in
which a woman's fallopian tubes
are clamped and blocked, or
severed and sealed, either method
of which prevents eggs from
reaching the uterus for
fertilization. Tubal ligation is
considered a permanent method
of sterilizationand birth control.

CONTRACEPTIVE
PILLS
The combined oral contraceptive
pill (COCP), often referred to as
the birth-control pill or
colloquially as "the Pill", is a
birth control method that includes
a combination of an estrogen
(oestrogen) and a progestin
(progestgen). When taken by
mouth every day, these pills
inhibit female fertility.

CONTRACEPTIVE
IMPLANT
An implant is a small flexible
rod that is placed just under
your skin in your upper arm. It
releases a progestogen hormone
similar to the natural
progesterone that women
produce in their ovaries and
works for up to three years.

RHYTHM METHOD
Calendar-based methods are
various methods of estimating a
woman's likelihood of fertility,
based on a record of the length of
previous menstrual cycles. Various
systems are known as the Knaus
Ogino Method, rhythm method,
and Standard Days Method. These
systems may be used to achieve
pregnancy by timing unprotected
intercourse for days identified as
fertile, or to avoid pregnancy by
restricting unprotected intercourse
to days identified as infertile.

METHODS
TO
PREVENT
IMPLANTATION

Depo-Provera Injection
Depo-Provera is a
birth control method for
women. It is made up of a
hormone similar to
progesterone and is given
as an injection by a doctor
into the woman's arm or
buttocks. Each shot
provides protection against
pregnancy for up to 12 to 14
weeks, but the shot must be
received once every 12
weeks to provide full
protection.

Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) or Intrauterine Device

IUD
An Intrauterine Contraceptive Device
(IUCD) is a device which is inserted into
the uterus (womb) to prevent pregnancy.
There are many types of IUCDs and they
come in different shapes and sizes.
Commonly used types are IUCDs
containing copper.
The modern Intrauterine Device (IUD) is a
form of birth control in which a small 'T'shaped device, containing either copper or
progesterone, is inserted into the uterus. IUDs
are a form of long-acting reversible
contraception, which is the most effective type
of reversible birth control.

Thank You