Fuzzy Inference System

Aziz Kustiyo
Departemen Ilmu Komputer FMIPA
IPB

Fuzzy inference system (1)

Fuzzy

inference systems have been

successfully applied in fields such as
automatic control, data classification, decision
analysis, expert systems, and computer vision.
Because of its multidisciplinary nature, fuzzy
inference systems are associated with a
number of names, such as fuzzy-rule-based
systems, fuzzy expert systems, fuzzy
modeling, fuzzy associative memory, fuzzy
logic controllers, and simply (and
ambiguously) fuzzy systems.

Fuzzy inference system (2)

3 conceptual components of Fuzzy
Inference System:
1. A Rule base : fuzzy rules
2. A Database : membership function
used in the fuzzy rules
3. A Reasoning mechanism: performs
the inference procedure upon the
rules and given facts to derive
conclusion

Precision

Tiping problem (1)

Tiping problem (2)

To

determine the appropriate amount of tip

requires mapping inputs to the
appropriate outputs.
Between the input and the output, the
preceding figure shows a black box that
can contain any number of things: fuzzy
systems, linear systems, expert
systems, neural networks, differential
equations, or even a spiritual advisor,
etc.
Clearly the list could go on and on.

Fuzzy vs nonfuzzy approach

TIPING PROBLEM:
What is the right amount to tip your
waitperson?

NONFUZZY APPROACH (1)

Begin

with the simplest possible

relationship.
Suppose that the tip always equals
15% of the total bill.
tip = 0.15

NONFUZZY APPROACH (2)

Because

service is rated on a scale of

0 to 10, you might have the tip go
linearly from 5% if the service is bad
to 25% if the service is excellent.

The Fuzzy Logic Approach (1)

You

need to capture the essentials of

this problem, leaving aside all the
factors that could be arbitrary.
If you make a list of what really
matters in this problem, you might
end up with the following rule
descriptions.

The Fuzzy Logic Approach (2)

Tipping Problem Rules Service Factor
If

service is poor, then tip is cheap

If service is good, then tip is average
If service is excellent, then tip is
generous
Tipping Problem Rules Food Factor
If food is rancid, then tip is cheap
If food is delicious, then tip is generous

The Fuzzy Logic Approach (3)

You

can combine the two different lists of

rules into one tight list of three rules like so.

Tipping Problem Both Service and

Food Factors
If service is poor or the food is rancid, then
tip is cheap
If service is good, then tip is average
If service is excellent or food is delicious,
then tip is generous

The Fuzzy Logic Approach (4)

When

you give mathematical

meaning to the linguistic variables
(what is an average tip, for
example?) you have a complete
fuzzy inference system.

Overview of Fuzzy Inference Process

(1)

Overview of Fuzzy Inference Process

(2)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Fuzzy inference process comprises

of five parts:
fuzzification of the input variables,
application of the fuzzy operator
(AND or OR) in the antecedent,
implication from the antecedent to
the consequent,
aggregation of the consequents
across the rules,
defuzzification.

Step 1. Fuzzify Inputs

The

first step is to take the inputs and

determine the degree to which they
belong to each of the appropriate fuzzy
sets via membership functions.

Step 2. Apply Fuzzy Operator

After

the inputs are fuzzified, you

know the degree to which each part
of the antecedent is satisfied for each
rule.
If the antecedent of a given rule has
more than one part, the fuzzy
operator is applied to obtain one
number that represents the result of
the antecedent for that rule.

Step 3. Apply Implication

Method
The

consequent is reshaped using a

function associated with the
antecedent (a single number).
The input for the implication process is
a single number given by the
antecedent, and the output is a fuzzy
set.
Implication is implemented for each
rule.

Step 4. Aggregate All Outputs

Because

decisions are based on the testing

of all of the rules in a FIS, the rules must be
combined in some manner in order to make a
decision.
Aggregation is the process by which the fuzzy
sets that represent the outputs of each rule
are combined into a single fuzzy set.
Aggregation only occurs once for each output
variable, just prior to the fifth and final step,
defuzzification.

Step 5. Defuzzify (1)

The

input for the defuzzification

process is a fuzzy set (the aggregate
output fuzzy set) and the output is a
single number.
As much as fuzziness helps the rule
evaluation during the intermediate
steps, the final desired output for
each variable is generally a single
number.

Step 5. Defuzzify (2)

Perhaps

the most popular

defuzzification method is the centroid
calculation, which returns the center
of area under the curve.
The other methods are: bisector,
middle of maximum (the average of
the maximum value of the output
set), largest of maximum, and
smallest of maximum.

3 types of FIS

Tugas individu
Membuat

contoh aplikasi FIS

mamdani dalam kehidupan seharihari
Dikumpulkan minggu depan

Pustaka
Manual

matlab: fuzzy
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