Thermometer Bimetal &

Thermocouple
Hagai Elisafan
Noorma Nurmalasari
1A D3 Chemical Engineering

NAME OF DEVICE
Thermometer Bimetalic

Thermocouple

CALIBRATION OF DEVICE
Thermometer bimetal

Two methods of calibrating thermometers

used in foodservice are ice water method and
boiling water method. The ice water method
is preferred to the boiling water method
unless the thermometer is not designed to
measure 32 F. Refer to the manufacturers
instructions for specific thermometers. The
boiling water method is less reliable because
of variations in factors such as altitude and
atmospheric pressure. There also is a safety
concern because it would be easy for an
individual to get a water or steam burn if the
process is not done carefully.

Thermocouple

Effective measurements and calibrations are possible only if the junctions are
maintained in isothermal regions and at a depth sufficient to overcome heat losses (or gains),
thereby ensuring that each junction actually reaches the temperature of its environment

TYPES OF THERMOMETER BIMETAL &

THERMOCOUPLE
Thermometer Bimetallic

Type TI.1005
Type TI.ST
Type TI.20
Type TI.T20 / TI.T17
Type TI.30 / TI.50
Type TI.31 / TI.51
Type TI.32 / TI.52

Thermocouple

TYPES OF THERMOMETER BIMETAL &

THERMOCOUPLE
Thermometer Bimetallic

FUNCTION OF THERMOMETER BIMETAL

Bimetallic Thermometers serve to indicate a change in
temperature with the principle of the metal expands when heated
and contract when cooled. A bi-metallic strip is used for heat
sensitive switches say as in central heating thermostats.

FUNCTION OF THERMOCOUPLE
The primary function of a thermocouple is measuring
temperature by sensing the flow of electrons between two dissimilar
conductors in a closed circuit. A secondary function is the
production of electricity.

PARTS OF THERMOMETER BIMETAL

Parts of thermometer bimetal :

1. Case
2. Pointer
3. Dial
4. Bimetallic Helixc
5. Shaft

HOW THERMOMETE BIMETAL WORK

Thermometer bimetallic are easy
to use. Simply insert at least
50mm into the liquid or semi-solid
being measured to obtain an
accurate reading. When inserting
the dial probe thermometer into
semi-solid or solid materials, such
as frozen food or soil, it is
important to insert the stem
firmly and carefully to avoid
bending the stem. It is advisable
not to hold the head or dial when
inserting - always use the stem.

HOW THERMOCOUPLE WORK & PARTS

The general circuit for the working of thermocouple is shown in the figure
1 above. It comprises of two dissimilar metals, A and B. These are joined
together toformtwojunctions, p and q, which are maintained at the
temperatures T1and T2respectively. Remember that the thermocouple
cannot be formed if there are not twojunctions. Since the
twojunctionsare maintained at different temperatures thePeltieremf is
generated withinthe circuitand it is the function of the temperatures of
twojunctions.
If the temperature of both thejunctionsis same, equal and opposite emf
will be generated at bothjunctionsand the net current flowing through
thejunctionis zero. If thejunctionsare maintained at different
temperatures, the emfs will not become zero and there will be a net
current flowing throughthe circuit. The total emf flowing through this
circuit depends on the metals used withinthe circuitas well as the
temperature of the twojunctions. The total emf or the current flowing
throughthe circuitcan be measured easily by the suitable device.

SAFETY (THERMOMETER BIMETAL)

Thermowells should be used on all pressurized applications, to protect the
thermometer from corrosion or physical damage, and to facilitate removal of the
thermometer without disturbing the process.
Bimetal Thermometers operating below freezing must have a perfectly tight case to
prevent entrance of moisture which eventually will condense and freeze inside the
stem. This condition shows up as a failure of the thermometer to read accurately
below 32F or 0C. For this reason it is important to avoid damage to the glass front
while the stem temperature is at freezing or below. All thermometers are hermetically
sealed in a dry atmosphere at the factory and require no further maintenance.
When the thermometer is equipped with a well, the well should first be removed
from the ther mometer and screwed into the apparatus

SAFETY (THERMOCOUPLE)

The FMDA safety valve is the only type with the thermocouple
permanently attached to it. This means the thermocouple cannot be
replaced; the entire safety valve must be replaced if the
thermocouple fails. The easiest way to identify an FMDA type safety
is a diameter red button on the bottom of the valve. You must
know the gas pipe size and if the pilot tube is an in and out or an
out only. An in and out safety valve has two threaded holes at
the top of the part, one for gas for the pilot to come in and one for
gas to go out. An out only safety valve has just one threaded hole
to connect gas for the pilot to.

ROUTINE MAINTENANCE THERMOMETER

BIMETAL
A side from occasional testing, little or no maintenanceis required.
Be sure that the gasketed glass cover is on the case at all times, as
moisture and dirt inside the case will eventually cause the
thermometer to lose its accuracy.
If the thermometer is used for measuring the temperature of a
material that may harden and build up an insulating layer on the
stem, the thermometer should be removed from the apparatus
occasionally, and thestem cleaned. Observe this precaution to
ensure the sensitivity of the instrument.

ROUTINE MAINTENANCE THERMOCOUPLE

We recommend you check your thermocouples once a semester. The purpose
of checking thermocouples is to detect compromises to the protective tube
before damage can occur to the platinum wires. Thermocouples are fragile;
handle with care.
Thermocouples should always be stored at room temperature in a non-humid
environment and sealed in a air tight bag in order to prevent moisture from
causing contamination especially if long term storage is necessary.
Thermocouples should always be handled with care.
A properly handled and installed thermocouple will provide years of service
life under normal conditions.

RANGE OF MEASUREMENT
Thermocouples

Thermometer Bimetal

Temperature Range:
Thermocouple grade wire, 454 to 2,300F (270 to 1,260C)

Fahrenheit

Celcius

Designator

-100 to 150

-70 to 70

01

Extension grade wire, 32 to 392F (0 to 200C)

-40 to 160

-40 to 70

19

Melting Point, 2550F (1400C)

0 to 200

-15 to 90

05

0 to 250

-20 to 120

06

50 to 300

10 to 50

08

Special Limits of Error: 1.1C or 0.4%

50 to 550

10 to 290

16

150 to 750

65 to 400

11

200 to 1000

100 to 540

12

Deviations in the alloys can affect the accuracy of thermocouples.

For type K thermocouples the tolerance class one is given as 1.5 K
between -40 and 375 C. However, deviations between thermocouples
coming from the same production are very small and a much higher
accuracy can be achieved by individual calibration.

Accuracy (whichever is greater):

Standard: 2.2C% or .75%

SOURCES

http://informasiana.com/jenis-fungsi-dan-cara-kerja-termometer-zat-padat/
https://maniacinstrument.wordpress.com/2012/06/06/berbagai-tipe-thermocouple/
https://rikadiantoro.wordpress.com/2014/03/25/makalah-termocouple/
http://automationwiki.com/index.php?title=Bimetallic_Thermometers
http://documents.tips/documents/makalah-termometer-bimetal.html
http://www.visualdictionaryonline.com/science/measuring-devices/measure-temperature
/bimetallic-thermometer.php
http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/bimetallic+thermometer
http://www.ehow.com/facts_5037537_function-thermocouple.html
http://www.thermometricscorp.com/thermocouple.html
www.teltru.com/cats/BT1100/BT1100
http://blog.etundra.com/tech-talk/replacing-gas-safety-valves/