PENDIDIKAN JASMANI DAN

SUKAN ZAMAN KUNO

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Primitif
China
India
Mesir
Timur Tengah
Greek
Rom dan sbg nya..

Masyarakat Primitif dan Skil Sukan

a. Survival
- skil memburu
b. Rekreasi
- diversion, novelty, entertainment,
avoiding boredom
c. Agama (religion)
-komunikasi dengan tuhan
con: greek,maya

Pembinaan Bandar (perbandaran)

Terbentuk drpd. Peradaban (civilization)
ke Pertanian (farming)
DRPD. Pusat Keagamaan ke Pusat
Perniagaan.
Cont: Bandar pertama- Jericho 8,800 BC
Catal Huyuk- Iran, Iraq, Turkey
Pertanian membuat manusia berkumpul dan
membina bandar

Faktor2 pembinaan Bandar

1. Specialization (kepakaran)- sebahagian
drpd pekerjaan yang SKIL perlbagai
Con: tukang kasut, tukang besi, runners
become messenger.

2. Tradisi masyarakat
-Lelaki bekerja utk pendapatan
-perempuan suri rumah (house keeping)

3. Masa senggang(leisure) untuk rekreasi

-relaxation after work
4. Kerajaan (government)-pentadbiran
kawal tanah, manusia dan sbg nya.
5. Structured Religion
- Masjid, synagogue, kuil

6. Peperangan (WAR)
-Skil-skil asas adalah skil sukan spt
Equestarian
Boxing
Wrestling
Pankration
Buskachi dan sbgnya.

Early Civilization

Sumeria (3500BC)
Indus Valley-swimming, dancing,
Egypt very millitary.
China- soccer, martial arts
Existed about same time and manage to use
Cultural Diffusion-use each other ideas
and ways to develop

Crete-Minoans(2000-1450BC)
- Healers,Physical beauty,Airyness,Sunlight
=worshipped female god
=have a lot of leisure time; spent most
time
on entertainment (hedonist)
=absence of war
=Sports-boxing,
-bull leaping-bull acrobatics
-bull dancing

After Crete - Achaeans (Mycenaen/Early

Greeks/Homeric Greeks)
Many independent city-states and each city has its own
king and Acropolis
Mycena - most phosperous, Oligarchy
government, military culture,
Trojan War lasted 10 years. Archilles develop funeral
games for Patroklos death.
Agamemnon, Archilles, Odysseus, Helen.
Troy; Priam, Hector, Paris.- Trojan Horse trick
Dorians (N. People) took over the greeks-went into dark
ages (1100-800 BC) until SPARTA & ATHENS

SPARTA & ATHENS

Smaller in size than the Mycanaens.
Sparta - abolish arts, things not to be decorated, no
money dwelling, discourage communication with
other countries, highly organised educational
system focusing on millitary.
Athens 400 BC Democracy (1st. Country) election
Class people according to amount of money the
have
490 BC Greek War until Alexander D Great took
over 330 BC
200 BC Roman took over

Greek develop
1. Beautiful body; muscles, strength, etc
2. Individuality; each person counts for something, not only
the ruling class: show it thru sport
3. Tradition of sports; keep the sports alive
4. Idea of sportmanship-honor
5. P.E in school; colonized country pursue greek education
incl. sport, P.E & millitary
6. Action and wisdom combined; whole personal concepts.
7. Pursuit of excellence

Roman and SPECTACLE sport

Perceive Spectacle sport as entertainment;
competitors rather than participants.
Spectacle Sports are performed by
condemned criminal & slaves to become
GLADIATORS; violent in nature opiate of
the masses to distract from least pleasant
realities of life
Roman believe greek athletics do not
produce good soldiers

Funeral Games (Illiad dan Odysssey)

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Chariot race (5 peserta)

Boxing
Wrestling
Running race
Spear dwelling
Archery
Discus
Javelin
Pankration boxing & wrestling sehingga maut

Olimpik kuno
Perempuan tidak dibenarkan menyertai(penyertaan pd 1900an - olimpik ke-2)
Hanya utk org2 atasan / bangsawan /
pahlawan
Dijalankan tanpa pakaian (bogel) didalam
gimnasium gymnos in greek means
nude school for the naked exercise

Olimpik kuno
Terbentuk dari funeral games yang mengenang
kematian pahlawan GREEK con: Archilles, Hector
Pengasasnya dipercayai Heracles (Hercules)
Pertandingan yg direkodkan mengikut sejarah -776 BC.
pertandingan Trek (STADE RACE)-192 meter. Olimpian
pertama dimenangi oleh Coroebus seorg tukang masak
dari Elis.
Pertandingan dijalankan 4 tahun sekali spt sekarang.
Pertandingan diharamkan oleh emperor Roman Kristian
Theodosius I kr. Unsur2 pagan 393 AD

Olimpik moden
Amatur (amature), dihidupkan semula pd
akhir 1896 oleh Pierre De Coubertine.
Falsafahnya adalah exercise specifically
sports made a well-rounded and vogorus
person due to after WWI French lack of
vigor compared to Germans, British &
Americans.
Moto olimpik Citius (swifter), Altius
(Higher), Fortius (Stronger)

Olimpik masa kini

Profesyenal dibenarkan, Ist di Los Angeles

Bola sepak bwh 23 thn.
Yang terbaik
Komersil con: LA, Seoul, Beijing.
Acara2 perempuan lebih banyak
Nadia Comanecci (7 perfect 10 score),
Mark Spitz (7 emas), Michael Johnson
(<40sec.400m),Carl Lewis(100,200,4x100)