Research Title

Final
Presentation

Sustainable Approach Of Recycling Palm

Oil Mill Effluent Using Integrated Biofilm Membrane Filtration System For Internal
Plant Usage

By

Student
Supervisor
Co-supervisor

Sajjad Khudhur Abbas

Dr. Teow Yeit Haan
Prof. Abdul Wahab bin Mohammad

Palm Oil in Malaysia

In Malaysia, oil palm is a very significant
crop. In the worldwide, the biggest palm
oil exporter and producer is Indonesia
and Malaysia is the 2nd exporter and
producer. The production of crude palm
oil (CPO) was increased significantly
from 92,000 tonnes in year 1960 to 17.6
million tonnes in year 2009, The process
to extract the palm oil needs massive and
huge water quantity to sterilize the fresh
fruit bunches (FFB) and clarify the
extracted oil.

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)

2-4% of suspended solids

95-96% of water
0.6-0.7% of oil

Clarifier sludge
POME highest sources

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

hydro cyclone
sterilizer condensation

Environmental
impact
Bathing and water
sources turned into

The stocks of local fish

in lakes and rivers are
declining
brown colour

Acidic Colloidal Suspension

Hot

Fresh POME

Brownish
High Solids Amount (40,000 mg/l)

)Ma A. N., 2000(

) Singh G. a., 1999(

ref

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

COD (50,000 mg/l)

BOD (25,000 mg/l)

smelt foul

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

Problem Statement

Briefly, the highly polluted wastewater is causing a severe pollution to the :

Waterways

Affected Aquatic Life

Aquatic Habitats

Impacted Human Health

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

Zero waste energy

Myth or Fact?
Biogas
POME

POME
Treatment
system

Sludg
e

Treated
Water

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment
bacteria

Available POME treatment techniques

Up flow anaerobic sludge
blanked (UASB)
Anaerobic
contact process

Aerobic
Biofilm
Conventional anaerobic
digestion (Digester and pond)

Continuous stirred
tank reactor (CSTR)

Anaerobic
Up-flow anaerobic sludge
fixed film (UASFF)

Membrane

Fluidized bed

Evaporation

Anaerobic filtration
Conventional anaerobic
digestion (Digester and pond)

Biofilm
(Biological Treatment)
integrated
with
Membrane Technology
is
on WHAT
ANS:based
COST EFFECTIVE
FACTORS
?

REQUIREMENTS
FLEXIBILITY
SIMPLICITY
CLOSED OR OPEN
SYSTEM

N0TE:
UPON
our
knowledge
and
research, There is no
previous work had or
have done on using

Biofilm technique integrated with Membrane

Biofilm technique

Membrane

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
techniquetreatment

Biofilm technique integrated with Membrane

Biofilm technique

Membrane

Kind Cross flow

Filter Nano filter (NF)

Decomposition

Treatment
Process

Attachment

EPS

Outlet

Feeding
Feed

Swimming

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
technique treatment

Process Tension
Factors
Biofilm Bacteria dead lack

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

Membrane fouling

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

PROCESS SETTING
Biofilm technique
Parameter

Membrane technique
Value

Acclimatization
duration

Unknown

Treating period

Unknown

Pump pressure
Temperature

Black media
amount

328 pieces

White media
amount

126 pieces

Raw POME volume

Parameter

2 litres

Raw POME COD

6630 mg/l

Temperature

Ambient

Inlet POME COD

Filter

Value
3 bar
24.1 C
923 mg/l
Nano

T R E AT M E N T S C H E M E

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

Be confident By measuring
Parameters !

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

DO

PH
COD

NH3-N
TSS

MLSS

SAJJAD K. A.
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POME
treatment

Results Slide

Acclimatization Stage Hexafilter media

Test\D
ay

11

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

27

COD

663
0

3680

3440

3101

2908

2421

2220

2201

2400

2410

2409

2430

2190.
3

2215

MLSS
*103

12.
10

15.1
0

9.80

6.50

3.90

3.30

3.00

2.70

3.23

3.66

3.07

2.45

3.26

3.12

350

309

287

240

227

226

200

193

121

112

109

90

81

119

110

79

66

NH3N

970

Turb.

374
01

COD

663
0

355
0

3340 3010 2905 2901 2900 2769 2630 2510 2484 2450 3010 3005

MLSS
*103

12.
10

13.1
0

10.5
0

Test\Da
y

1108

655

NH3-N 970 330

295
AllTurb.
in mg/l,
except
374
998Turbidity
845

325

190

Acclimatization Stage Black media

133

11

113

13

110

15

108

17

152

19

21

23

25

27

8.77

6.10

5.90

5.46

4.23

3.20

3.23

3.01

2.96

2.20

2.00

260

233

218

210

177

153

89

95

102

75

63

755

598

357

293

175

113

130

89

60

20

15

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
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POME
treatment

Results Slide

Biological Treatment

Test

Raw
POME

Hexafilter

Membran
e

Black media

NF

24 hr

48 hr

72 hr

24 hr

48 hr

72 hr

Units
-

COD

1450

760

1130

850

690

910

1040

19

mg/l

MLSS

0.006

0.0031

0.0025

0.0025

0.0035

0.0026

0.0032

0.0003

mg/l

NH3-N

101

93

100

107

102

86

93

1.19

mg/l

pH

8.021

7.258

7.422

7.651

7.654

7.973

7.855

6.473

TSS

290

140

420

405

340

470

410

mg/l

DO

2.03

1.88

2.49

2.71

2.38

1.79

2.57

4.44

mg/l

Turbidity
87.9
Hexafilter

140

122

93

130

111

76

0.381

NTU

Black media
Membrane

Footage (Black Media)

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
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POME
treatment

Footage (Black Media)

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

Footages (Treated POME samples )

Membra
ne
Sample

B
med
ia

H
med
ia

Distille
d
POME

RAW
POME

The sample is following which

Standard
s

RAW
POME

Diluted
POME

H
media

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
standards?
treatment

B
media

Membran
e Sample

1
2

Slightly

Slightly

Slightly

5
6

Slightly

Slightly

7
No
8
1

Definition

No

Definition

NWQSFM CLASS I

DOECLASS I

2
9
3

NWQSFM CLASS IIA

DOECLASS II

NWQSFM CLASS IIB

10
4

DOECLASS III

NWQSFM CLASS III

10

DOECLASS IV

5
11
6

NWQSFM CLASS IV
NWQSFM CLASS V

11
DOECLASS V
Slightly
Slightly

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

Results Closer LOOK

Biofilm bacteria
treatment is complicated
since the treatment is
wobbling

Its possible and better to

use low level membrane
like macro but the treated
wastewater wont be same
quality as the Nano.

This integrated system

wont give product with
certain properties

This integrated system

needs Control system

Membrane is so easy
to be blocked

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

CONCLUSION
surface area
Mixing

crimpy surface

Moisture

narrow corners
NF membrane

Future studies, endorsing and

recommendations

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

Series reactors
Deep reactor for biofilm
growth stage
Using media with high
surface area

Sedimentation system

Endorsements

Treatment age not

longer than 24 hours
Closed system

Short depth reactor for

POME treatment stage
Fixed temperature

Catalyst

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

The Decree
From Standards side

Strongly

As a Scientist !

Definitely

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

Global Warming
Floods
Extinctions of animals
and plants

Desertification

Heat waves

rising sea level

Temperature rising

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

Q&
A

SAJJAD K. A.
3rd
Presentation
POME
treatment

THANK YOU