DISEASE

DISEASE PREVENTION
PREVENTION AND
AND CONTROL
CONTROL OF
OF ACUTE
ACUTE RESPIRATORY
RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS
INFECTIONS (ARI)
(ARI) IN
IN HEALTH
HEALTH SUNGAI
SUNGAI BESAR
BESAR BANJARBARU
BANJARBARU

DOSEN :

Prof. Dr. Qomariyatus Sholihah, Amd., Hyp., ST., Mkes

Siti Mahdalena
H1E114029

Fitri Ria
Mustalifah
H1E115035
PROGRAM STUDI S-1 TEKNIK LINGKUNGAN
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS LAMBUNG MANGKURAT
BANJARBARU
2015

Background

Many kinds of diseases caused by lack of clean air in the region of

Indonesia becomes a serious problem suffered by the community,
especially ISPA or ARI (Acute Respiratory Infection). The problems of this
disease is also felt by the people around Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan
precisely around the Sungai Besar. Based on data obtained from health
centers Banjarbaru, Sungai Besar visiting patients to be diagnosed and
treated while in 2016 many who suffer from respiratory diseases with
average people who seek treatment each month about 80 people. The
data is taken from January to October 2016. The average disease ISPA are
in the top 10 diseases that exist in the region of the Sungai Besar,
Banjarbaru.
formulation of the
Purpose
problem
What is the
definition of
the
epidemiolo
gical
What are the
symptoms
and signs of
respiratory
disease

Do
understandi
ng From
ISPA

How is the
prevention of
respiratory
disease

Knowing the definition of

epidemiology
Knowing the sense of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI)
Knowing the symptoms and
signs of respiratory disease
Knowing the disease
prevention ISPPA

Conceptual
Definition Of
framework
Epidemiologi

BIBLIOGRAPH
Y

Air Influence to the

Environment
Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut
(ISPA)
Symptoms and
signs

understanding ispa

Causes disease
ISPA

ISPA disease
transmission

BAB III
METODOLOGI
3.1 Kerangka
Kerangka penelitian yang akan menjadi
petunjuk
dalam observasi ini dapat dilihat dari diagram alir
Penelitian
berikut :

METODE

METHODS USED IN THE

FIELD
OBSERVATIONS
OBSERVATION
DATA
COLLECTION

WITHDRAWAL
CONCLUSION

RESULTS
No.

MONTH

The

number

of

people who suffer

1.

Januari

from ISPA
83

1.

Februari

81

1.

Maret

72

1.

April

80

1.

Mei

1.

1.

number
AGE

of

respondents
N

1<1

1,63 %

1-4

15

24,59 %

5-9

14

22,95 %

10-14

3,28 %

59

15-19

3,28 %

Juni

77

20-44

14

22,95 %

Juli

56

45-54

6,56 %

55-59

3,28 %

1.

Agustus

148

60-69

9,84 %

1.

September

79

>70

1,63 %

1.

Oktober

79

Tabel 1.1 the number of respiratory diseases

in health centers Sungai Besar, Banjarbaru
tahun 2016

Total

61

100%

Table. 1 distribution of respondents

by age

RESULT
Graph Number of People Suffering from ISPA January-October 2016
200
150
100
50
0

Grafik 4. 1 Number of People Suffering from ISPA January-October 2016

Sumber : Data Puskesmas Sungai Besar Banjarbaru

RESULTS
PREVENTION ISPA

Maintain nutritional health : to maintain good nutritional health

we will prevent or avoid the disease ISPA. E.g. by eating four of
five perfectly healthy,drink water, with regular exercise, and
adequate rest.

immunization : Immunization are required both in children and

adults. Immunization aimed at maintain our immune so that not
susceptible to various diseases caused by viruses / bacteria.

Maintain

personal

hygiene

and

the

environment

Making air ventilation and lighting good air will reduce smoke
pollution kitchen / cigarette smoke in the house, so as to prevent a
person inhaling the fumes can cause respiratory disease affected.

RESULT
The pattern of behavior of the residents is a major factor in the etiology of
ARI peenyakit. If everyone discipline and maintain the cleanliness and comfort
of home, the percentage is much less affected by ISPA.

VENTILATION HOUSE

Installing a vent in a corresponding

proportionate in the house.

DENSITY RESIDENTIAL

Residential density that exceeds

normal limits facilitate the
transmission of respiratory disease

AIR POLLUTION IN THE

HOUSE

Minimizing the presence of smoke

in the room or avoid mosquito
coils, smoke in the room

HYGIENE HOME

The house is clean and healthy will

make waking residents of the
dangers of the disease

DISCUSSION
From the above table it is known that almost every month ISPA are in the top 10
diseases that exist in the health center of the Great River, Banjarbaru.Angka
above shows the number of people who suffer from respiratory diseases.
Based guidelines for the prevention of respiratory disease eradication
pneumonia in children under five (MOH, 2004), that the criteria for the
treatment of patients using the pattern of ISPA are children under five with
symptoms of cough or difficulty breathing.
From the table above it can be seen that the number of respondents or the
number of people who suffer from respiratory diseases is the highest at the age
of 1-4 years. Addressing that at that age they CHILDREN. At the age of FIVES
very susceptible to acute respiratory tract infections. It seseuai by observation.

CLOSING

CONCLUSION
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) is a respiratory disease up or down, usually
infectious, which can cause a spectrum of illnesses ranging from asymptomatic disease
or mild infection to severe and fatal disease, depending on the pathogen causes,
environmental factors. Prevention of respiratory disease can be done with three levels
of handling.

PROPOTITION
Advice can be given on the results of this study are more increased awareness of
society Desa Sungai Besar by maintaining the environment and living quarters as
well as more attention to the condition of health. Also with the attitude protecting
the environment to remain healthy can improve health in the community. Better to
prevent diseases rather than having to treat the disease

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Agung, A.A dkk.2006.

Determinasi Sanitasi Rumah dan Sosial Ekonomi Keluarga

Kejadian ISPA padpa Anak BALITA

serta Manajement

Terhadap

Penanggulangannya di Puskesmas. Jurnal

Kesehatan Lingkungan, Vol. 3, No.501, Juli: 49 58

Efendi, Ferry danMakhfudli.2009. Keperawatan Kesehatan Komunitas Teori dan Praktik dalam
Keperawatan. Salemba Medika.

Iqbal, Wahid Mubarak. Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Konsep dan Aplikasi dalam

Kebidanan. 2012.

Jakarta: Penerbit Salemba.

Mairusnita. (2007). Karakteristik Penderita Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut Pada Balita yang Berobat ke
Badan Pelayanan Kesehatan Rumah Sakit Umum
WinarniDkk. Hubunngan Antara

(BPKRSUD) Kota Langsa 2006. Sumatera Utara

Perilaku Merokok Orangtua dan Anggota Keluarga yang Tinggal

dalam Satu Rumah Dengan Kejadian ISPA pada BALITA di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas
Kabupaten Kebumen Tahun2009. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan
2010.

Sempor II

Keperawatan, Volume 6, No. 1, Februari