YOUNG ENGINEERS

GROUP MEMBERS:
RAZIE NUR ELYN BT MOHD RAZAK CE 096118
AFIZUL AKMAL B MOKHTAR CE 096717
WAN AMIR IZUDDIN B WAN ROSDE CE 093755
AHMAD FARHAN B ABDUL MALEK ME 096932
ANWAR LUQMAN B HASNOR ZUBAIDY CE 093137
SECTION: 04
LECTURER NAME: HAJI MOKHTAR B MAJID

TOPIC:
IMPLEMENTATION OF 3RS
INITIATIVES IN MALAYSIA

IMPLEMENTATIONS OF 3RS IN MALAYSIA AND

OTHER COUNTRIES
B A S E D O N T H E S TAT I S T I C S G AT H E R E D BY T H E S O L I D
WA S T E M A N A G E M E N T D E PA RT M E N T U N D E R T H E M I N I S T RY
OF URBAN WELLBEING, HOUSING AND LOCAL
G O V E R N M E N T ( K P K T ) , A P P R O X I M A T E LY 2 3 , 0 0 0 T O N S O F
W A S T E P R O D U C E D I N M A L A Y S I A D A I LY.
T H I S W O R RY I N G N U M B E R I S E X P E C T E D T O G R O W T O
3 0 , 0 0 0 BY T H E Y E A R O F 2 0 2 0 .
AC C O R D I N G T O T H E R E S E A RC H C O N D U C T E D , O N 2 0 1 5 ,
AMERICANS ALONE ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR PRODUCING
2 2 0 M I L L I O N T O N S O F WA S T E A Y E A R. T H I S W O R RY I N G
I S S U E O R I G I N AT E D F R O M P O O R S O L I D WA S T E
MANAGEMENTS.

 THE CONCEPTUAL IDEA OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

KNOWN AS 3RS INITIATIVE WAS FIRST INTRODUCED
DURING EARLY 2000.
IN THE EVENT OF THE ADVANTAGEOUS 3RS INITIATIVE,
NUMEROUS PROGRAMS WERE HELD WORLDWIDE.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IS KNOWN TO BE AN
ONGOING EFFORT IN ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION
AN EFFICIENT SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT MAY BE
IMPLEMENTED IN ANY COUNTRY THROUGH A WELL
PLANNED PREPARATION AND CONTRIBUTION FROM ALL
RELATED PARTIES.

NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF NON-IDEAL SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT

NOTABLY, THIS ISSUE HAS PRODUCED A MAJOR NEGATIVE EFFECT ON

THE ENVIRONMENT; SPECIFICALLY TOWARDS THE RIVERS.

IN MALAYSIA, THERE ARE 1800 RIVERS SPREADING FROM PERLIS TO

JOHOR. AS A RESULT FROM THE IMPROPER SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT, 75% OF THAT 1800 RIVERS HAVE BEEN POLLUTED AND
OBLITERATED.

LITTERS AT THE ROADSIDE, CLOGGED UP DRAINS AND SEWERAGE LINES

WITH FILTHY RUBBISH AND GARBAGE ARE THE INDICATIONS SIGNALING
THAT MALAYSIA HAS NOT SUCCEED IN ITS EFFORT OF SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT.

OTHER THAN THAT, THERE IS ALSO THE EFFECT OF SOIL

CONTAMINATION. FROM THOSE STACKS OF WASTE, THERE ARE
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS THAT HAVE CONTAMINATED THE SOIL AND
HARMING PLANTS.

LESS EFFICIENT IN WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES PROVEN TO BE

ONE OF MANY GROUNDS OF AIR POLLUTION THAT INTERJECTS TO
RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS AND OTHER ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS.

 CLIMATE CHANGE IS CAUSED BY THE EMISSION OF GREENHOUSE GASES

(GHG). THE MANUFACTURING, DISTRIBUTION AND USE OF PRODUCTS,
INCLUDING WASTE GENERATION ALL RESULT IN EMISSION OF GHG THAT
AFFECT THE EARTHS CLIMATE.
THE EARTHS ATMOSPHERE CONTAINS MANY TYPES OF GASES WHICH
INCLUDES GHG. GHG ABSORBS AN RETAINS HEAT FROM THE SUN.
THEY REGULATE THE EARTHS CLIMATE BY HOLDING WARMTH IN AN
ATMOSPHERIC BLANKET AROUND THE PLANETS SURFACE. SCIENTISTS
CALL THIS PHENOMENON AS THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT.
SOLID WASTE AFFECTS CLIMATE CHANGE THROUGH LANDFILL METHANE
EMISSION. THE SOURCE OF MANMADE METHANE GAS IS FROM THE
LANDFILLS THEMSELVES, WHICH HAPPENS WHEN ORGANIC WASTE IS LEFT
TO DECAY ANAEROBICALLY .

CASE STUDY 1: RESIDENTIAL AREA OF SECTION 4,

SHAH ALAM
THE STUDY WAS CONDUCTED IN SECTION 4, SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR.
THE FOREMOST REASONS ON WHY THIS PARTICULAR PLACE WAS CHOSEN:
(A) DUE TO THE AVAILABILITY OF RECYCLING CENTERS IN SECTION 4
(B) VARIOUS ETHNIC COMPOSITIONS IN THE RESIDENTIAL AREA
THE RESULT WERE LATER BEEN DIVIDED INTO NUMBERS OF CATEGORIES
WHICH HAVE PRODUCED AN ACCOMPLISHMENT IN THE STUDY ON MUNICIPAL
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (MSWM).
CORRESPONDINGLY, THE STUDY CONDUCTED HAS BEEN A GREAT TOOL TO
SOUGHT RESPONDENTS VIEW ON THE ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE LOCAL
AUTHORITY TO MANAGE THIS RECURRING ISSUE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN
SHAH ALAM.

CASE STUDY 2 : BANGLADESH NATIONAL 3RS

STRATEGY ON WASTE MANAGEMENT

WASTE MINIMIZATION CAN BE ACHIEVED IN AN EFFICIENT WAY BY

FOCUSING PRIMARILY ON THE FIRST OF THE 3RS, REDUCE," FOLLOWED
BY REUSE" AND THEN RECYCLE.

IT IS CLASSIFY AS WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ACCORDING TO

THEIR DESIRABILITY.

THE WASTE HIERARCHY HAS TAKEN MANY FORMS OVER THE PAST
DECADE, BUT THE BASIC CONCEPT HAS REMAINED THE CORNERSTONE
OF MOST WASTE MINIMIZATION STRATEGIES.

THE AIM OF THE WASTE HIERARCHY IS TO EXTRACT THE MAXIMUM

PRACTICAL BENEFITS FROM PRODUCTS AND TO GENERATE THE MINIMUM
AMOUNT OF WASTE.

KEY ISSUES AFFECTING PROPER SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT IN BANGLADESH

COERCION WITHOUT ASSISTANCE

Present national policy and rules are not adequately harmonized with the needs
and capabilities of the local governments and industries. The local authorities
are handicapped by an array of problems, which are impossible in the short term
without tolerable financial and technical support from the national governments.

LACK OF LANDFILL SITES

Local government bodies have been struggling to find suitable land for sanitary
land filling. Due to high population density in a highly urbanized region, finding
large extents of land away from main habitations is difficult.

LACK OF HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY

At present there is no secured landfill site available in the country for disposal of
hazardous industrial waste.
Apart from secured landfill site there is no facility in the country for treatment
and recycling of hazardous waste. Industrial units are facing problems with offsite management of waste.

NEGATIVE PUBLIC PERCEPTION

The public carries a negative perception of the role played by the local body
mainly because of the conspicuous quantities of waste lying uncollected on city
roads for days.
At the same time, there is widespread resistance to the call for separation of
waste at household level. This lack of civic awareness and public cooperation
has always plagued the City Corporation or Pourashava efforts to keep the city
clean.

LACK OF DATABASE AND RECORD KEEPING

Most of the cities do not have a functional record keeping method to asses
the ward-wise and street-wise volumes of waste handled.
Without adequate record keeping and realistic databases it is difficult to
improve the quality of planning and delivery of basic services in the cities.

LACK OF PARTNERSHIPS
City Corporations and Pourashavas have engaged the services of
some private sector to assist it in waste collection and disposal. It
appears to be working well.

SLOW PACE OF NEW INITIATIVES

As a local authority, City Corporation and Pourashavas stand out
in its efforts to address the waste problem.
Composting, bio-gas generation, separation at source and
promotion of collection centers are some these initiatives.
However, lack of funds or lack the partnerships required may be
the reason of this issue wasnt not 100% being dealt with.
to make the required city-wide quantum jump to ensure that
these solutions are universally replicated.

SURVEYS

 Objective: To observe on the awareness of 3R in sustainability

among society
60 respondents in less than 2 days
Google Form

WHO ARE THE RESPONDENTS?

DO THEY ACKNOWLEDGED OF 3R?

HOW DO THEY PRACTICE?

LEVEL OF UNDERSTANDING

HOW TO ENCOURAGE MALAYSIANS

TO PRACTISE 3R?

 Almost 50% of the respondents answer by paying

them money, the percentage of people recycling
will increase.
Most of the respondents acknowledge 3R but they
do not practice it.

How much different can it make if

society play their part in the 3Rs?

Social
Provide new job opportunities
Increase the environmental and health protection

Engineering
Replace traditional binder
Eg; (OPC by using fly ash, normal aggregates by
using Palm Oil Clinker, lightweight concrete block)
reduce cost for waste treatment
Reduce cost of manufacturing

Environmental
Minimize waste disposal in dumps, river and
landfills
Reduce CO2 emission
Reduce greenhouse effect

Approach
people using
social media

Summon
people who
litres in public

Ways to
improve
understanding
and behaviour
towards the 3r
for sustainable
development

Provide
vending
machine that
can exchange
recyclable
waste for
money

Massive
Campaigns

Instagram
The government can make a short video/short
documentary clip that can easily digest by all the
people
The video must be attractive , to attract people to
watch the video clip while raising the awareness
towards the 3R concept for sustainable development
Has to be done consistently
Promote the ideas through commercials and ads

Vending Machine
The machine offer a small reward for those who
recycle
Exchange recyclable wastes for money
People will collect recyclable wastes that can
turn into money
The government has to bear with this sacrificial
cost

Massive campaigns
The government should be ready with
sufficient funds to do the campaigns all over
the country
Teach the children about this concept since
their kindergarten
Do the campaigns from time to
time,consistently
To ensure the message is well delivered

Summon people who litters

in public
People will think twice to litter publicly
Reward people who catch litterbugs, with
enough evidence, half of the summon charges
will be rewarded to the reporter
Everyone can take part in the effort of enforcing
the awareness.

Who needs to participate??

All of us.
To prepare a better world for our
children and the next generation to
live in