1

Golden Words

MICORPROCESSOR
BASED SYSTEM
EE-401

Objective
The objective of this course is to
provide extensive knowledge of
microprocessor based systems
and interfacing techniques.

Course Outline:
Introduction to Microprocessors Based
Computer System.
Internal Registers of Microprocessor,
Memory Addressing, Segment and
Offset.
Addressing, Data Addressing Modes,
Program Memory Addressing Modes,
Stack Memory Addressing Modes.
Instruction Set of Microprocessor

Course Outline:
Flow of an Assembly Language,
Procedures, Programming Techniques.
Hardware Specifications of
8086/8088 Microprocessor, Pin-outs
and Pin Functions.
Clock generator, Bus Interfacing,
Latching and Bus Timing.
Memory Interfacing and Address
Decoding Techniques.

Course Outline:
Isolated I/O, Personal computer
I/O Map, Memory mapped I/O port
Address decoding.
Programmable Peripheral
Interface, Programmable Interval
Timer.
Analog to Digital Converter
interfacing techniques.
Basic Interrupt Processing.

Course Outline:
Hardware and Software
Interrupts, Expanding Interrupt
Structure.
Programmable Interrupt
Controllers.
Direct Memory Access operation
and Interfacing.
Introduction to Microcontrollers.

Recommended Books:
1. The Intel Microprocessors
Architecture,
Programming and Interfacing
by Barry B. Brey
2. Microprocessors and Interfacing:
Programming and Hardware
by Douglas V. Hall

Class Policy
Grading
Surprise quiz
(3 marks)
Announced test (4 marks)
Midterm exam
(30 marks)
Assignment
(4 marks)
Research Paper
(5 marks)
Attendance
{4 marks}
Final exam
(50 marks)
Bonus Marks (optional)
(2 marks)
Performance , attitudes

Microprocessor

Peripherals

Computer
Central
Processing
Unit

Computer

Main
Memory

Systems
Interconnection

Input
Output
Communication
lines
11

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

CPU is the main processing unit of Computer
It control the operation of computer and perform data
processing functions
Cpu perform calculations take place inside a PC
The part of a computer that interprets and executes
instructions
Central Processing Unit) The computing part of the
computer. Also called the "processor," it is made up of the
control unit and ALU. Today, the CPUs of almost all
computers are contained on a single chip

12

 Memory

storage device
I/O device

input out put device like keyboard,

printer
System interconnection

the mechanism provide interconnection

b/w
component like buses
13

Structure of Microprocessor

CPU
Computer

Arithmetic
and
Login Unit

Registers

I/O
System
Bus
Memory

CPU

Internal CPU
Interconnection

Control
Unit

14

 Control unit

control the operation of CPU

ALU

arithmetic logic unit perform logical

operations
Register

Provide storage internal to the cpu

15

CPU operation
The fundamental operation of most CPUs,
regardless of the physical form they take, is
to execute a sequence of stored instructions
called a program. Discussed here are devices
that conform to the common von Neumann
architecture The program is represented by a
series of numbers that are kept in some kind
of computer memory. There are four steps
that nearly all von Neumann CPUs use in their
operation: fetch, decode, execute, and write
back.
16

What is a program?

sequence of steps
For each step, an arithmetic or logical operation is
done
For each operation, a different set of control signals
is needed

17

Example of Program Execution

18

As assembly language is microprocessor

specific, so before writing assembly language
programs it is required to know the architecture of
that microprocessor.
8086 Microprocessor
We will be studying the assembly language for the
microprocessor 8086.
8086 microprocessor is a 16-bit microprocessor (a
16-bit microprocessor can operate on the 16-bits of
data at a time) having 16- bit registers, 16-bit data
bus and 20-bit address bus.
It can access 1 MB of total memory.
To write the assembly language programs for
8086 microprocessor, we are required to know the
internal organization at least programming model
19