Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lung Abscess
EDA
PM
AFC
RB
B
A
Figure 16-1. Lung abscess. A, Cross-sectional view of lung abscess. AFC, Air-fluid cavity;
RB, ruptured bronchus (and drainage of the liquified contents of the cavity); EDA, early
development of abscess; PM, pyogenic membrane. Consolidation (B) and excessive bronchial
secretions (C) are common secondary anatomic alterations of the lungs.
Slide 1
Slide 2
Alveolar consolidation
Tissue necrosis
Cavity formation
Bronchopleural fistulae
Atelectasis
Etiology
Slide 3
Klebsiella
Staphylococcus
Alcohol abuse
Seizure disorders
General anesthesia
Head trauma
Cerebrovascular accident
Swallowing disorders
Etiology
(Less frequent causes)
Slide 4
Aerobic organisms
Streptococcus pyogenes
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Escherichia coli
On rare occasions
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Legionella pneumophila
Copyright 2006 by Mosby, Inc.
Etiology
(Other organisms that may lead to a lung abscess)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Fungal organisms
Slide 5
Histoplasma capsulatum
Coccidioides immitis
Blastomyces
Aspergillus fumigatus
Parasites
Paragonimus westermani
Echinococcus
Entamoeba histolytica
Etiology
Lung abscess may also develop from:
Slide 6
Bronchial obstruction
Vascular obstruction
Bullae or cysts
Slide 7
Slide 8
Slide 9
Cyanosis
Whispered pectoriloquy
Figure 2-11. A short, dull, or flat percussion note is typically produced over areas
of alveolar consolidation.
Slide 10
Slide 13
FEVT
FEF25%-75%
N or
N or
PEFR
N
Slide 14
MVV
N or
FEF50%
N
FEF200-1200
N
FEV1%
N or
RV
FRC
TLC
N or
IC
ERV
VC
RV/TLC%
Slide 15
Slide 16
pH
PaCO2
HCO3 (Slightly)
PaO2
Alveolar Hyperventilation
100
90
PaO2 or PaCO2
80
70
60
PaO2
50
40
30
20
PaC
O
10
0
Figure 4-2. PaO2 and PaC02 trends during acute alveolar hyperventilation.
Slide 17
Slide 18
PaCO2
HCO3 (Slightly)
PaO2
Alveolar Hyperventilation
100
90
Pa02 or PaC02
80
70
60
O2
C
a
50
40
30
Pa
O
20
10
0
Figure 4-7. PaO2 and PaCO2 trends during acute ventilatory failure.
Slide 19
Oxygenation Indices
QS/QT
D O2
V O2
Normal
O2ER
Normal
SvO2
Slide 20
C(a-v)O2
Gram-positive organism
Slide 21
Streptococcus
Anaerobic organisms
Peptococcus
Peptostreptococcus
Bacteroides
Fusobacterium
Copyright 2006 by Mosby, Inc.
Radiologic Findings
Chest radiograph
Slide 22
Increased density
Cavity formation
Fibrosis
Pleural effusion
Figure 16-2. Reactivation tuberculosis with a large cavitary lesion containing an air-fluid level in
the right lower lobe. Smaller cavitary lesions are seen in other lobes. (From Armstrong P et al:
Imaging of diseases of the chest, ed 2, St. Louis, 1995, Mosby.)
Slide 23
General Management of
Lung Abscess
Respiratory care treatment protocols
Slide 24
General Management of
Lung Abscess
Medications and procedures commonly
prescribed by the physician
Slide 25
Antibiotics
Surgery
Classroom Discussion
Slide 26