Chapter 19

World War I

America is the only idealistic Nation in the world

1913 A.D.

WWI Starts with assassination of the

Archduke Ferdinand of Austria

I. A Web of War

The steps to War

I. A Web of War

1. Austria demands Serbia submit to their rule;

No? Austria declares war on Serbia
2. Russia is afraid Serbia and the Balkans are
their only way to reach the Mediterranean Sea
3. Russia Declares war on Austria!

I. A Web of War

5. Germany is Austrias friend so they declare

war on Russia.
6. Russia has a Mutual Pact with France, so now
France declares war on Germany!
7. Germany wants to attack France by going
through Belgium

I. A Web of War
8. Belgium is Neutral and tells Germany: No
9. Britain is best buds with Belgium
10. Britain warns Germany not to mess with
Belgium and gives them a due date to reply
11. Germany doesnt answer
12. Britain now declares War on Germany.

A) The Alliance
System
1.Central Powers
2.Allied Powers

Central Powers

1. Germany
2. Austria
3. Ottoman Empire

Allied Powers

1. England
2. France
3. Russia

B) Germany

Schlieffen Plan Germanys battle plan; 2 front War

Kaiser Wilhelm II
Belgium and England fight hard in Belgium buying
time for France to prepare

By August, Germany outside of Paris

C. American Neutrality

Melting Pot: Some favored Germany

Most favored England & France

American Trade to Allies increases

Wilson offers loans to England

1. German
Submarines
Germany warns U.S. to
stay away from Britain
Sinking of the Lusitania
129 Americans Killed
Sussex Pledge

2. Election of 1916

Wilson wins re-election

Slogan: He KEPT us out of War!

II. Intervention

A. Declaring War

A. Declaring War

Germany passes Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Zimmermann Telegram asked Mexico to fight against the US

A. Declaring War

Wilson asked Congress for Declaration of War

War has been thrust upon us

B. Over Here
US Army: 379,000
2 yrs. 3.7 Million
Selective Service
Act: all men 18 45
Doughboys

B. Over Here
Hooverizing Food
Administration
Organize efforts to
saving and producing
food for troops

B. Over Here

Espionage and Sedition

Acts criminal offense
to criticize war
League of Nations

C. Over There
Lafayette we are
here!
John black jack
Pershing
Russia drops out

C. Over There
Germans now in a 1
front war
But America is
coming and quickly
sending more
Germany attacks

C. Over There

French line breaks!

Americans plug the gap at ChateauThierry and again at Belleau Wood

Belleau Wood

D)
Weapons
of WWI

3. Isolation

Changing the mentality of History

A. Treaty of Versailles

Wilson goes to Europe to lead Peace

Delegation
1st President in Europe

No Republicans
Big 4 different ideas

1) USA

Wilson doesnt
want land, only
peace!

2) France

Clemenceau
Revenge
mineral rich land
between France
and Germany.

3) Italy

Orlando
Wants land
from Austria
No help at all

4) Britain

Lloyd George
Wanted Germany
to take full blame,
pay for all costs

5) Treaty

10 million military casualties. 6 million civilian

Formation of the League of Nations
France demanded $$$ (30 billion)
Germany blamed for Guilt of War
Redrawing of European Countries

B. Rejection
Henry Cabot
Lodge: rival of
Wilson
Republicans
reject idea of
League of

B. Rejection

Fails to pass the Senate

US never accepted Treaty
of Versailles or League of
Nations

The End
No commander was ever privileged to lead a
finer force; no commander ever derived greater
inspiration from the performance of his troops.
John J. Pershing