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Karriem a Muhammad

COMMUNICATION SKILLS

INTRODUCTION:
The term 'Communication' has been derived from the
Latin word 'communis' that means 'common'. Thus 'to
communicate' means 'to make common' or 'to make
known'. This act of making common and known is
carried out through exchange of thoughts, ideas or the
like. The exchange of thoughts and ideas can be had by
gestures, signs, signals, speech or writing. People are
said to be in communication when they discuss some
matter, or when they talk on telephone, or when they
exchange information through letters.
It is the transfer of information from a sender to a
receiver with the information being understood by the
receiver.
A proper understanding of information is one very
important
aspect of communication
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PURPOSE OF COMMUNICATION
Establish goals.
Develop plans for achievement of goals.
To effect change, internal functioning &
influence actions
Organize human and other resources in the
most effective and efficient ways.
Select, develop and appraise members of the
organization.
Lead, direct, motivate and create a climate in
which people want to contribute.
Control performance.
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TYPES OF
COMMUNICATION
COMMUNICATI
ON

WRITTEN
COMMUNICATION

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ORAL
COMMUNICATION

History of Written
Communication
Historians generally agree that causality is central to
historical writing. The fact that many school history
students have difficulty handling and expressing causal
relations is therefore of concern. That is, whereas
historians tend to favor impersonal, abstract structures
as providing suitable explanations for historical events
and states of affairs, students often focus on human
wants and desires.
The author argues that linguistic analysis can offer
powerful insights into how successful students use
grammar and vocabulary to build different types of
causal explanations as they move through secondary
schooling.
In particular, the author shows how functionally
oriented linguistic analysis makes it possible to
discriminate
between narrative and analytical
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Meaning Of Written Communication


Communication is a part and parcel of
everyday life. We cannot not communicate. It
is one of the most essential and integral part of
our existence, and the absence of
communicationcan lead to many problems and
misunderstandings.
In order to have an effective dialog, it is
necessary thateffective communication skills
be developed. Communication can be divided
into verbal and non verbal.
Verbal communication means any
communication that involves spoken words or
sounds. Non verbal communication includes
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Importance of Written
Communication
Written communication involves the use of written words to
send a message from one point to another. Written
communication is important for any business entity to carry
out the daily business activities.
It helps in maintaining records of business transactions.
Written communication like brochures and catalogs help
companies to showcase their products effectively.
Print advertisements help to market products.
Written documents can serve as evidence in a court of law if
and when required.
Written words are believed more than spoken words. It's just
human psychology to believe something that we see in writing
than something someone says
Personal written communication like letters, emails, post
cards, greeting cards, etc., have their own charm and special
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meaning to the
ones
sending and receiving them.

How to Improve Written Communication


Skills:
The importance of effective written communication skills cannot be
stressed enough. Written communication plays a major role,
especially in the corporate world. Hence, it is doubly important to
have good written communication skills in the workplace.
Business writingor any other form of written communication can be
very simple for those who follow the guidelines that are given below.
Audience: The audience is mainly what determines the content to be
written. Once you have an idea about who is the intended audience,
you can judge for yourself what other necessary steps need to be
taken to ensure the completion of the communication cycle, which is,
after all, the intention of any piece of communication.
Information: The basics of communication should be covered in your
piece of written communication. This is basically almost the entire
information that you wish to give the reader. However you present the
data, these points need to covered, only then is it an
effective way of communication .

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Tone: Deciding the tone of your communication


depends on the audience to a large extent Tones
can vary from casual, semi formal to formal,
depending on who you're communicating with and
what you intend to communicate.
Length: Knowing when to stop applies to written
communication skills as well. You can't just keep
rambling on and on, when not required. The
beauty of effective written communication can be
seen in its presentation. How well and how
concisely you manage to accommodate all the
information that you need to give is what shows
how proficient your written communication skills
are. The key is to be 'clear, concise and correct'.
But this does not necessarily mean that you cut
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something
that requires to be explained

Written Communication
Advantages

Disadvantages

Provide a tangible and


verifiable record

Time consuming

Record can be stored


for an indefinite period
of time

No guarantee how
reader will interpret
it

Permanent in nature

Costly process

Accurate and assigning


of responsibilities

Lack of clarification

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Lack of feedback

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History of Oral Communication


Speech was developed
about 200,000 years ago
Symbols were developed
about 30,000 years ago
Writing was developed
about 7,000 years ago
Evolution of the brain
differentiated humans
from animals, as among
other things it allowed
humans to master a very
efficient form of
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communication
- speech.

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Meaning Of Oral Communication


Developing the oral communication skills, holds great
importance in interacting properly with people. The
communication process which is carried out by means of
spoken words is referred to as oral communication.
In today's world, development of different media has led to
the communication process to take place by different means
such as telephones, teleconferences and video conferences.
Face-to-face meetings and speeches were the main forms of
communication in earlier times.
Effective listening in the workplaceis important just like
speaking.

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Skills Required for Oral Presentation


For a good oral presentation, the quality of
text being prepared and the way it is
presented are equally important. An
organized text presentation allows the
orator to proceed smoothly from point-topoint. Presenting relevant data through the
presentation is first and foremost point to
be kept in the mind. The
speech/presentation should be interactive.
It is necessary to develop oral
communicationskills to survive in today's
world. Individual and business relations can
be developed and maintained with the help
of these skills.
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Oral Communication
Advantages

Disadvantages

Time - saving device


Interaction

Lack of time

Ample scope
Economic in nature

Misunderstanding

Feedback

Lack of legal validity


Effectiveness
Retained in record books

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Conclusion of Written
Communication and Oral
Communication
o Written communication is very common in business
situations, so it is important for small business owners
and managers to develop effective written
communication skills.
oOral communication describes any type of inter-action
that makes use of spoken words, and it is a vital, integral
part of the modern business world. For oral
communication to be effective, it should be clear,
relevant, tactful in phrasology and tone, concise, and
informative. A good oral presentation will include
transitional phrases to help listeners move through the
material, and will not be overly long or technical.

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H
T
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K
N
A

!
U
O
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