Industrial

Hygiene
and
Materials
Handling
Prepared by: Del Rosario, Khasey
Reyes, Mary Grace

Industrial
Hygiene
What is Industrial
Hygiene?

Industrial hygiene is the science

of anticipating, recognizing,
evaluating, and controlling
workplace conditions that may
cause workers' injury or illness.

Early
Industrial
Hygiene

o The environment and its relation

to worker health was recognized
as early as the fourth century BC
when Hippocrates noted lead
toxicity in the mining industry.

Early
Industrial
Hygiene

o In the first century AD, Pliny the Elder, a

Roman scholar, perceived health risks to
those working with zinc and sulfur.
- He devised a face mask made from an
animal bladder to protect workers from
exposure to dust and lead fumes.
o In the second century AD, the Greek
physician, Galen, accurately described
the pathology of lead poisoning and also
recognized the hazardous exposures of
copper
miners
to
acid
mists.

Early
Industrial
Hygiene

o In 1556 the German scholar, Agricola,

advanced the science of industrial
hygiene even further when, in his
book De Re Metallica, he described the
diseases of miners and prescribed
preventive measures. The book included
suggestions for mine ventilation and
worker protection, discussed mining
accidents, and described diseases
associated with mining occupations such
as
silicosis.

Early
Industrial
Hygiene

o Industrial hygiene gained further

respectability
in
1700
when
Bernardo Ramazzini, known as
the "father of industrial medicine,"
published
in
Italy
the
first
comprehensive book on industrial
medicine, De
Morbis
Artificum
Diatriba
(The
Diseases
of
Workmen).

How are
OSHA and
Industrial
Hygiene
related?

Under the Act, OSHA develops and sets

mandatory occupational safety and health
requirements
applicable
to
most
workplaces. OSHA relies on industrial
hygienists to evaluate jobs for potential
health hazards.
Developing and setting mandatory
occupational safety and health standards
involves determining the extent of
employee exposure to hazards and
deciding what is needed to control these
hazards, thereby protecting the workers.

Indus
trial
Hygie
nist

Industrial hygienists, are trained to anticipate,

recognize, evaluate, and recommend controls
for environmental and physical hazards that
can affect the health and well-being of
workers.

Works
ite
Analy
sis

A worksite analysis is an essential

first step that helps an industrial
hygienist determine what jobs and
work stations are the sources of
potential problems.

The industrial hygienist inspects, researches,

or analyzes how the particular chemicals or
physical hazards at that worksite affect worker
health.

Job
Hazard

Air
Contami
nants

These are commonly classified

as either particulate or gas and
vapor contaminants.
The most common particulate
contaminants include dusts,
fumes, mists, aerosols, and
fibers.

Chemi
cal
Hazar
ds

Harmful chemical compounds

in the form of solids, liquids,
gases, mists, dusts, fumes, and
vapors exert toxic effects by
inhalation (breathing),
absorption (through direct
contact with the skin), or
ingestion (eating or drinking).

Biolog
ical
Hazar
ds

These include bacteria,

viruses, fungi, and other living
organisms that can cause
acute and chronic infections
by entering the body either
directly or through breaks in
the skin.

Physi
cal
Hazar
ds

These include excessive levels

of ionizing and nonionizing
electromagnetic radiation,
noise, vibration, illumination,
and temperature.

Ergono
mic
Hazard
s

The science of ergonomics

studies and evaluates a full
range of tasks including, but
not limited to, lifting,
holding, pushing, walking,
and reaching.

OSHS
1955.03
(Hygiene)
Department of Labor and Employment- Philippines

1955.
03 :
Hygie
ne

The employer shall

provide his workers with
necessary protective
clothing and equipment
maintained in good
condition.

1955.
03 :
Hygie
ne

Workers handling pesticides and

harmful fertilizers shall be instructed not
to eat, drink or smoke unless:
A. They have
removed
their
protective
clothing;

B. They have
washed their
hands and
face;

C. They are
in the area
for
eating
purposes.


1955.
03 :
Hygie
ne

Workers handling pesticides

and harmful fertilizers shall:
A.
Deposit
their personal
or
street
clothing
in
rooms
provided for
the purpose;

B. Remove all
protective
clothing
and
equipment
at
the end of each
days work and
deposit them in
specified
decontaminating
containers
provided for the
purpose.

C. Wash
hands, face
and neck or
take a shower
if
pesticides
/harmful
fertilizers was
used or
handled.

1955.
03 :
Hygie
ne

Protective clothing shall be

laundered or otherwise thoroughly
cleaned at least once a week or
more frequently, depending upon
the degree of the contamination
and the material or substance
used.

1955.
03 :
Hygie
ne

Workers shall
thoroughly wash
gloves after every use.

Materials
Handling
What is Materials
Handling?

1150.0
1:
Materi
al
Handli
ng

Material Handling utilizes a wide range

of manual, semi-automated, and
automated equipment and includes
consideration of the protection, storage,
and control ofmaterials throughout
their manufacturing, warehousing,
distribution, consumption, and disposal.

1150.01
:
Material
Handlin
g

Use of Mechanical Equipment.

Where mechanical handling equipment is
used, sufficient safe clearance shall be
allowed for aisles, at loading docks,
through doorways and wherever turns or
passage must be made.

 Secure Storage.

1150.01
:
Storage of material shall not create a
Materia hazard.
l
Handlin
g

1150.0
1:
Materia
l
Handlin
g

Housekeeping.
Vegetation control shall be exercised when
necessary.

 Clearance Limits.

1150.01
:
Clearance signs to warn of clearance limits
Materia shall be provided.
l
Handlin
g

1150.0
1:
Materi
al
Handli
ng

Rolling Railroad Cars.

Derail and/or bumper blocks shall be
provided on spur railroad tracks where a
rolling car could contact other cars being
worked, enter a building, work or traffic
area.

 Guarding.

1150.01
:
Covers and/or guardrails shall be provided
Material to protect personnel from the hazards of
Handlin open pits, tanks, vats, ditches, etc.
g

Equipmen
ts used
for
Material

Equipme
nts for
Material
Handlin
g:
Fork
Lift

Forklift hydraulics are controlled

either with levers directly
manipulating the hydraulic valves,
or by electrically controlled
actuators, using smaller "finger"
levers for control. The latter allows
forklift designers more freedom in
ergonomical design.\

Equipmen
ts for
Material
Handling:
Fork Lift

In addition to a control to raise and

lower the forks (also known as
blades or tines), the operator can
tilt the mast to compensate for a
load's tendency to angle the blades
toward the ground and risk slipping
off the forks. Tilt also provides a
limited ability to operate on nonlevel ground. Skilled forklift
operators annually compete in
obstacle and timed challenges at
regional forklift rodeos.

Equipmen
ts for
Material
Handling:
Pallet

is a flat transport structure that

supports goods in a stable fashion
while being lifted by aforklift,pallet
jack,front loader, work saver, or
otherjacking device, or a crane. A
pallet is the structural foundation of
aunit loadwhich allows handling and
storage efficiencies.

Equipment
for
Material
Handling:

Pallet
Rack

is a material handling storage aid

system designed to store materials
onpallets(or skids). Although there
are many varieties of pallet racking, all
types allow for the storage of
palletized materials in horizontal rows
with multiple levels.

Equipmen
ts for
Material
Handling:

Automate
d Storage
and

designed for automated

storage and retrieval of parts
and items in manufacturing,
distribution, retail, wholesale
and institutions. The
systems operate under
computerized control,
maintaining an inventory of
stored items. Retrieval of
items is accomplished by
specifying the item type and
quantity to be retrieved.

Equipmen
ts for
Material
Handling:

Hoist

A hoist is a device used for lifting or lowering a load

by means of a drum or lift-wheel around which
rope or chain wraps. It may be manually operated,
electrically or pneumatically driven and may use
chain, fiber or wire rope as its lifting medium. The
load is attached to the hoist by means of lifting a
hook.

Equipment
s for
Material
Handling:

Conveyor

is a common piece of mechanical handling

equipment that moves materials from one location
to another. Conveyors are especially useful in
applications involving the transportation of heavy or
bulky materials. Conveyor systems allow quick and
efficient transportation for a wide variety of
materials, which make them very popular in
thematerial handlingandpackagingindustries.

Equipmen
ts for
Material
Handling:
Conveyor

Many kinds of conveying systems are

available, and are used according to the
various needs of different industries.
There are chain conveyors (floor and
overhead) as well. Chain conveyors
consist of enclosed tracks, I-Beam,
towline, power & free, and hand pushed
trolleys.

Any
Questions?
Clarifications
?

Reference
s:

https://www.osha.gov/Publications/
OSHA3143/OSHA3143.htm#How do
OSH Standards Amended 1989
https://
www.osha.gov/Publications/osha2236
.pdf
http://www.mmta.com/image_uplo
ad/MMTA-Presentation%20NH%20Br
agg.pdf