Introduction to my research

Meisong Liao

Research topics
1.

Rare earth doped glasses

2.

Non-radiative relaxation of Er3+ doped borosilicate glasses

Glass fibers

Photonic crystal fiber

Yb3+ ring-doped fiber

1. Rare earth doped glasses

Presently host glass of EDFA is quatz, whi

ch is characterized with

Advantages:
Very low optical lose
High mechanic strength
Good chemical and thermal stability

Disadvantages:
Narrow bandwidth
Poor rare earth solubility

Borosilicate glass as the host glass of Er 3+

is characterized with:
Low optical loss
High mechanic strength
Good chemical and thermal stability
Wide bandwidth of emission
Good solubility to rare earth
Low melting temperature
The main problem left is:

How about its quantum efficiency?

quantum efficiency = mea Arad

mea is the measured lifetime;
Arad is the radiative transition probabilities

It was found thatwas only 67% for the glass

with Er3+ 0.1wt%, and decreased sharply with t
he increase of Er3+ concentration
Too low!

Why quantum efficiency is so low eve

n the Er3+ concentration is low?

Due to impurities kimp (OH, other rare earth, transit

ion metal ions, )?
Due to concentration quench kEr?
Due to multi-phonon relaxation kmp?

For samples with erbium 0.1 wt% and 0.2 wt%, the
following relationship exists:
2
2
2
2
k mp k Er
kimpurity
Adec
Arad
55.1S 1

1.05
1
1
1
1
1
Adec Arad k mp k Er kimpurity 53.7 S

kEr can be analyzed by the Dextor model:

3 4 c 4 QaW r
Wij
64 5 n 4 R 6

fi (E) f j (E)
E

dE

The result shows that kEr is insignificant

According to the Dextor model kimpurity=K0 CEr,

therefore:
2
k mp K 0 C Er

k mp K 0 C

1
Er

1.05

It can be reasoned if kimpurity was much higher than kmp,

the value will be close to 2.0.
However, the actual value is only 1.05, which means that
kmp is the predominant relaxation.

Conlusions:

When the content of Er3+ is 0.1 or 0.2 wt%, multi-phonon r

elaxation is the predominant non-radiative decay for the 4I
4
13/2 I15/2 transition for this borosilicate glass.
Because of the good glass-formation ability and high rare
earth solubility, this glass will find other applications wher
e the transition has a higher energy gap, for example, the
transition of ytterbium, europium or terbium.

2. Glass fibers

Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) by tellurite glass

Air-cladding PCF of tellurite glass (small core, f
or supercontinuum generation)

PCF with multi-ring holes (with flat dispersion, u

sed for supercontinuum generation, wavelength conv
ersion, parametric amplification, etc.)

Positive pressure into

the hole of the preform

Negative
pressure

Yb3+ ring-doped fiber

Motivation:
To obtain fiber laser wi
th radial polarization, whi
ch can focus to smaller s
pot than other polarizatio
n mode.

Next plans
Prepare special fibers with high non-linear properties
Chalcogenide-tellurite glass nanometer fiber
Tellurite Photonic crystal fiber with multi-ring of holes
Complicated W-type tellurite fibers
Gallate/tellurite(core
)oxide/fluorophosphate (cladding) nanometer glass fi
bers

High-index
tellurite glass

Low-index
tellurite glass

Some other glass systems with low refractive index,

may have close transition temperature and expansion
coefficient close to tellurite or gallate glass

Oxide or fluorophosphate
glass cladding

Tellurite or gallate
glass core

Thank you