Chapter 01

Books:
Displacement Based Seismic Design of Structures
Page 12-35

1.3.3 Ductility Capacity and Force Reduction

Factors
Equal displacement approximation Inappropriate
Idealized model
Realistic model
Definition of yield and ultimate displacement Vague definition
[Ref. 1]

Fig. 1.6

[Ref. 1] Displacement ductility for seismic design of RC walls for low-rise housing
Julian Carrillo; Giovanni Gonzlez; Astrid Rubiano
Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, UMNG. Cr. 11 No. 101-80, Bogot, Colombia

Lat. Am. j. solids struct.vol.11no.4Rio de JaneiroAug.2014

1.3.3 Ductility Capacity and Force Reduction

Factors
Conclusion:
Even with wide diversity in level of Force Reduction Factor
A properly designed structure usually can provide a certain
amount of ductility, thus structure has capacity to dissipate
hysteretic energy.
Due to energy dissipation, the structure can be designed
economically and thus, the elastic design forceVecan be
reduced to a yield strength levelVy, by the reduction factor
(R).
3

1.3.4 Ductility of Structural Systems

Force reduction factor for different structural systems:
1.

Reinforced concrete frame ---- 6

2.

Wall structures ---- 4

3.

Concrete bridges ---- 3

.Bi-linear approximation to force-displacement response

.Design purpose Max displacement for damage control
reduced from expected ultimate displacement by
= 0.67

(displacement reduction factor)

1.3.4 Ductility of Structural Systems

(a)Bridge columns of different heights
Identical: Cross section, axial loads and reinforcement
details
()Curvature ductility factor
()Plastic displacement

1.3.4 Ductility of Structural Systems

(b) Portal frames with flexible beams
Current seismic design philosophy --- requires
Plastic hinge formation
Members to be protected form inelastic action
influence

Displacement ductility factor

1.3.4 Ductility of Structural Systems

(c) Cantilever walls with flexibility foundations

1.3.4 Ductility of Structural Systems

(d) Structures with unequal column heights

1.3.5 Relationship between Strength and Ductility

Demand
Increases the strength ----- Improve safety
Increase in strength ---- Reduce ductility demand

1.3.6 Structural wall buildings with unequal wall

length

10

1.3.7 Structures with dual (Elastic and Inelastic)

Load Paths

11

1.3.8 Relationship between Elastic and Inelastic

Displacement Demand

12

1.3.9 Summary
FBD relies on:
1. Initial stiffness ----- Stiffness depends on strength ---Thus design process need completion
2. Assumption different structural elements yield
simultaneously
3. Unique force reduction factor
13

1.4 Development of Displacement Based

Design Method
1.4.1 Force-Based/Displacement Checked
1.4.2 Deformation-Calculation Based Design
1.4.3 Deformation-Specification Based Design
1.4.4 Choice of Design Approach

14