INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE

LOW DENSITY STEEL

SUKHBIR
11118091
Dept. Of Metallurgical And Materials Engineering.

Guided by: Dr. Sadhan Ghosh

BRIEF OUTLINE

Introduction

Types of Low Density Steels

Composition of various types of LDS Steel

Comparison of specific strength vs elongation of various steels

Processing of LDS

Advantages, Disadvantages of LDS

Application

Results
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 Introduction

Figure. 2 Reduction of Youngs modulus in low-density

Figure. 1 Density as a function of aluminum content for binary steels as a result of Al addition
Fe-Al and for quaternary 0.2C-8.5Mn (wt.%) alloys
Ref.1 Ref.2 3
 Types of Low Density Steels
a. Ferritic low density steels b. Two phase duplex steel c. Three-phase triplex steel

Figure. 3 Typical microstructure of Figure. 4 Typical microstructure Figure. 5 Typical microstructure showing
high al-added ferritic steel showing two phase ferritic and austenitic Three-phase austenite-ferrite (blue) and k-
(red) steel carbide steel

Ref.3. 4
 Composition of various types of LDS Steel
Steel Type Nominal Processing Condition YS UTS UE(%) TE(%) n
Composition(wt.%) (Mpa) (Mpa)

Ferritic Interstitial Fe-6.8Al-0.0035C- Cold rolled annealed 342 465 18.5 31.1 0.17
free steel (IF) 0.1Ti

Ferritic Bake- Fe-7Al-0.002C-0.1Ti Annealed and strain 420 460 - 32 -

Hardening steel (BH) aged

Austenitic Fe-30.5Mn-8Al-1.2C Solutionized and aged 540 895 65 73.6 0.29

Ferrite-based duplex Fe-5.8Al-3.5Mn-0.35C Annealed and aged 553 830 34.7 40.0 0.27

Austenitic-based Fe-26Mn-9.7Al-0.54C Annealed 608 882 26.7 30.3 0.23

duplex

Triplex Fe-5.8Al-3.5Mn-0.35C Annealed and aged 667 794 - 34.0 0.16

Table. 1 Typical Table showing Tensile properties reported in the literature for some low density steel
Ref.4 5
Comparison of specific strength vs elongation of various steels
Figure. 6 Typical showing Strength-elongation plot of
some low-density steels. Density reductions in these steels
are also indicated
Ref.5
Figure. 7 Tensile curves of ferritic low-density steels
showing discontinuous yielding as a result of presence of
free C in the matrix in contrast to continuous yielding in
high Al-containing and conventional interstitial free
alloys
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 Processing of LDS
1.

Figure. 9 Schematic showing Processing of

Figure. 8 Schematic showing Processing of LDS by Casting route
LDS by Sintering route

Ref.6 Ref.7 7
 Advantages, Disadvantages of LDS
Advantages Disadvantages

1) Cost 1) Rolling- Process ability in existing facilities of the

2) Mass Reduction steel industry due to their proneness for cracking
3) Fuel Efficiency and their high deformation resistance during
4) LDS would great benefit in automobile sector rolling.
such as stiffness, dent resistance, and crash 2) weldability - particularly with the high Al
resistance. content, and the likelihood of formation of
A lower density of steel sheets will affect all undesirable martensitic components
these three performance indices through the
thickness of the sheets
The large-scale benefit of utilizing steel in
residential construction is the longevity and
durability of the material itself. With timber
borders you often get rotting or distorting
significance that the partitions not ever stay
flawlessly straight.

Ref. 8 8
Application

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 Conclusion/Results

Figure.11 showing Results of an engineering study for replacing HSLA steels in BIW of Golf V, Volkswagen by a ferrite-based
duplex steel: (a) shell thickness with HSLA steels and (b) shell thickness with the low-density steel
Ref.9 10
References
1. I. Zuazo, B. Hallstedt, B. Lindahl, M. Sellelleby, M. Soler, A. Etienne, A. Perlade, D.Hasenpouth,V. Massardier-Jourdan, S.
Cszottes, and X. Kleber, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 66,(9),(2014).1748
2. R.Rana, C.Lahaye & R.K Ray, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 66(9), (2014). 1743
3. I. Zuazo, B. Hallstedt, B. Lindahl, M. Sellelleby, M. Soler, A. Etienne, A. Perlade, D.Hasenpouth,V. Massardier-Jourdan, S.
Cszottes, and X. Kleber, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 66,(9),(2014).1751
4. R.Rana, C.Lahaye & R.K Ray, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 66(9), (2014). 1742
5. R.Rana, C.Lahaye & R.K Ray, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 66(9), (2014). 1741
6. R.Rana, C.Lahaye & R.K Ray, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 66(9), (2014).1743
7. Z.A. MUNIR, U. ANSELMI-TAMBURINI, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
8. Cheng, R. Rana. Nederland Patent No. WO2013034317A1. (2013). Google Patents:Tata Steel
Nederland Technology
9. R.Rana, C.Lahaye & R.KB.V.
Ray, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 66(9), (2014).

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