Digital Microwave Communication: Principles, Implementation and Product Description

02/10/17 Security Level:INTERNA
Digital Microwave
Communication :
Principles, Implementation
and
Product Description
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Objectives
After this presentation, you will be able to
understand:
Concept and characteristics of digital microwave
communications
Functions and principles of each component of digital
microwave equipment
Huaweis Microwave Product Description
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2
Digital Microwave
Communication
Overview
Transmission Methods
in Current Communications
Networks Coaxial cable communication
Microwave TE Optical fiber communication
Microwave TE
MUX/DEMUX Microwave MUX/DEMUX
communication
Satellite communication
Definition of Microwave
Microwave
Microwave is a kind of electromagnetic wave. In a broad
sense, the microwave frequency range is from 300 MHz to
300 GHz. But In microwave communication, the frequency
range is generally from 3 GHz to 30 GHz.
According to the characteristics of microwave propagation,
microwave can be considered as plane wave.
The plane wave has no electric field and magnetic field
longitudinal components along the propagation direction. The
electric field and magnetic field components are vertical to
the propagation direction. Therefore, it is called transverse
electromagnetic wave and TEM wave for short.
Microwave Communication
Characteristics: Advantages and
Disadvantages.
Powerful space cross ability, little land
occupied, not limited by land privatization
Small investment, short construction
period, easy maintenance
Strong protection ability against natural
disaster and easy to be recover
Limited frequency resources (frequency

license required)
Transmission quality greatly affected by
climate and landform
Limited transmission capacity
Development of Microwave Communication
Transmissio
n capacity SDH digital
155M bit/s/ch) microwave
communication
system
34/140M PDH digital
microwave
communication
2/4/6/8M Small and medium system
capacity digital
microwave Late 1990s to now
480 voice communication system
channels Analog microwave
communication
system 1980s
1970s
1950s
Note:
Small capacity: < 10M
Medium capacity: 10M to 100M
Large capacity: > 100M
Concept of Digital
Microwave Communication
Digital microwave communication is a way of transmitting digital
information in atmosphere through microwave or radio frequency (RF).
Microwave communication refers to the communication that use microwave as
carrier .
Digital microwave communication refers to the microwave communication that
adopts the digital modulation.

The baseband signal is modulated to intermediate frequency (IF) first . Then
the intermediate frequency is converted into the microwave frequency.
The baseband signal can also be modulated directly to microwave frequency,
but only phase shift keying (PSK) modulation method is applicable.
The electromagnetic field theory is the basis on which the microwave
communication theory is developed.
Microwave Frequency Band
Selection and RF Channel
Configuration (1)in digital microwave transmission:
Generally-used frequency bands

7G/8G/11G/13G/15G/18G/23G/26G/32G/38G (defined by ITU-R Recommendations)
1.5 2.5 GHz

GHz
Regional network
3.3 GHz Long haul 11 GHz

trunk
network Regional network, local
2/8/34
Mbit/s network, and boundary
network
34/140/155
Mbit/s
2/8/34/140/155
Mbit/s GHz
1 2 3 4 5 8 1 2 3 4 5
0 0 0 0 0
Microwave Frequency Band
Selection and RF Channel
Configuration (2)
In each frequency band, sub
band frequency ranges, transmitting/receiving
spacing (T/R spacing), and channel spacing are defined.
Frequency range
Low frequency f0 (center frequency) High frequency

band band
T/R spacing
Protectio T/R spacing
n
spacing
Channe Adjacent Channel

l channel T/R spacing
spacing spacing
f1 f2 fn f1 f2 fn
Digital Microwave
Communication Modulation (1)
Digital baseband signal is the unmodulated digital signal. The
baseband signal cannot be directly transmitted over microwave radio

channels and must be converted into carrier signal for microwave
transmission.
Channel bandwidth
Baseband signal
Modulati
rate
on
Digital baseband signal IF signal
Service
signal
transmitted
Digital Microwave
Communication Modulation (2)
The following formula indicates a digital baseband signal being converted
into a digital frequency band signal.
A*COS(Wc*t+) PSK and QAM

are most
frequently used
in digital
Amplitud Frequenc Phase microwave.
e y
ASK: Amplitude Shift Keying. Use the digital baseband signal to change the
carrier amplitude (A). Wc and remain unchanged.
FSK: Frequency Shift Keying. Use the digital baseband signal to change the
carrier frequency (Wc). A and remain unchanged.
PSK: Phase Shift Keying. Use the digital baseband signal to change the
carrier phase (). Wc and A remain unchanged.
QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation. ). Use the digital baseband signal
to change the carrier phase () and amplitude (A). Wc remains unchanged.
Microwave Frame Structure (1)
RFCOH
171.072 Mbit/s
15.552 Mbit/s STM-1 155.52 Mbit/s
RFCOH SOH Payload
MLCM DMY XPIC ATPC WS RSC INI ID FA

11.84 64 16 64 2.24 864 144 32 kbit/s 288
Mbit/s kbit/s kbit/s kbit/s Mbit/s kbit/s kbit/s kbit/s
RFCOH: Radio Frame Complementary Overhead
RSC: Radio Service Channel
MLCM: Multi-Level Coding Modulation
INI: N:1 switching command
DMY: Dummy
ID: Identifier
XPIC: Cross-polarization Interference Cancellation
FA: Frame Alignment
ATPC: Automatic Transmit Power Control
WS: Wayside Service
Digital Microwave Communication
Equipment
Microwave Equipment Category
System Digital microwave Analog

microwave
MUX/DEMU
X Mode PDH SDH
Small and medium Large capacity

Capacity capacity (216E1, (STM-0, STM-1, 2xSTM-
34M) 1)
(Discontinued)
Trunk radio
Structure
Split-mount radio
All outdoor radio
Contents
1. Equipment Overview
1.1 Equipment Components
IDU
ODU
Antenna
Intermediate Frequency (IF) Cable

Hybrid Coupler

1.2 Equipment Characteristics
All Outdoor Microwave
Equipment
All the units are RF processing unit
outdoor.
IF cable
Installation is
easy.
IF and baseband
processing unit
The equipment
room can be Service and power cable
saved.
All outdoor microwave equipment
Split-Mount Microwave
Equipment
(1)
The RF unit is an outdoor unit
(ODU). The IF, signal processing, Antenna
and MUX/DEMUX units are
integrated in the indoor unit
IF cable
(IDU). The ODU and IDU are
connected through an IF cable.
ODU
The ODU can either be directly (Outdoor
mounted onto the antenna or Unit)
connected to the antenna
through a short soft waveguide. IDU
(Indoor Unit)
Although the capacity is smaller
than the trunk, due to the easy
installation and maintenance, fast
network construction, its the Split-mount
most widely used microwave microwave equipment
equipment.
Equipment (2)
Unit Functions
Antenna: Focuses the RF signals transmitted by ODUs and increases the
signal gain.
ODU: RF processing, conversion of IF/RF signals.
IF cable: Transmitting of IF signal, management signal and power supply
of ODU.
IDU: Performs access, dispatch, multiplex/demultiplex, and
modulation/demodulation for services.
Equipment
Installation
Separate
Mount
Direct
Mount
antenna
(direct mount)
antenna
(separate
ODU
mount)
Soft
waveguide
OD IF cable IF cable
U
IDU IF port
IDU IF port
Microwave Antenna (1)
Parabolic antenna Cassegrainian antenna

Antennas are used to send and receive microwave signals.
Parabolic antennas and cassegrainian antennas are two common types of microwave
antennas.
Microwave antenna diameters includes: 0.3m, 0.6m, 1.2m, 1.8m,2.0m, 2.4m, 3.0m,
3.2metc.
Microwave Antenna (2)
Different frequency channels in same frequency band can share one
antenna.
Chann Chann
el el
1 1
T
x 1 1
R
x
n n
T
x n n
R
x
Antenna Adjustment (1)
Side lobe
Side view
Half-power angle Main lobe Tail lobe
Side lobe
Top view
Half-power angle Main lobe Tail lobe
During antenna adjustment, change the direction
vertically or horizontally. Meanwhile, use a
multimeter to test the RSSI at the receiving end.
Usually, the voltage wave will be displayed as
shown in the lower right corner. The peak point of
the voltage wave indicates the main lobe position in
the vertical or horizontal direction. Large-scope
adjustment is unnecessary. Perform fine adjustment
on the antenna to the peak voltage point.
AGC
Voltage
When antennas are poorly aligned, a small detection
voltage may be detected in one direction. In this point
VAGC
case, perform coarse adjustment on the antennas at
both ends, so that the antennas are roughly aligned.
Angle
Side lobe position
The antennas at both ends that are well aligned Main lobe position
face a little bit upward. Though 12 dB is lost,
reflection interference will be avoided.
During antenna adjustment, the
two wrong adjustment cases are
show here. One antenna is aligned
to another antenna through the side
lobe. As a result, the RSSI cannot
meet the requirements.
Wrong Wrong Correct
Split-Mount Microwave Equipment
Antenna
Antenna gain

(1)
Definition: Ratio of the input power of an isotropic antenna Pio to the input power
of a parabolic antenna Pi when the electric field at a point is the same for the
isotropic antenna and the parabolic antenna.
2
Calculating formula of antenna gain: P D

G io
Pi
Half-power angle
Usually, the given antenna specifications contain the gain in the largest radiation
(main lobe) direction, denoted by dBi. The half-power point, or the 3 dB point is
the point which is deviated from the central line of the main lobe and where the
power is decreased by half. The angle between the two half-power points is called

the half-power angle. 0.5 (650 ~ 700 )
Calculating formula of half-power angle: D
Half-power angle
Equipment
Cross polarization discrimination
Antenna (2)

Suppression ratio of the antenna receiving heteropolarizing waves, usually, larger

than 30 dB.
XdB 10lgPo/Px
Po: Receiving power of normal polarized wave
Px: Receiving power of abnormal polarized wave

Antenna protection ratio
Attenuation degree of the receiving capability in a direction of an antenna

compared with that in the main lobe direction. An antenna protection ratio of
180 is called front-to-back ratio.
Microwave Installation Accessories
Equipment
ODU (1) ODU system architecture Uplink IF/RF conversion
IF
Frequency Sideband Power RF
amplificat
mixing filtering amplification attenuation
ion
Local
oscillation Power
ATPC
(Tx) detection
Local
oscillation RF loop
(Rx)
IF Frequency Low-noise Bandpass

Filtering
amplification mixing amplification filtering
Supervi
sion and
control Downlink RF/IF conversion
signal
Alarm and control
Equipment
Specifications
ODU (2) of Transmitter

Working frequency band
Generally, trunk radios use 6, 7, and 8 GHz frequency bands. 11, 13 GHz and
higher frequency bands are used in the access layer (e.g. BTS access).
Output power
The power at the output port of a transmitter. Generally, the output power is
15 to
30 dBm.
Equipment
Local
ODU (3)stability
frequency
If the working frequency of the transmitter is unstable, the demodulated
effectived
signal ratio will be decreased and the bit error ratio will be increased. The
value
range of the local frequency stability is 3 to 10 ppm.
Transmit Frequency Spectrum Frame

The frequency spectrum of the transmitted signal must meet specified
requirements, to avoid occupying too much bandwidth and thus causing too
much
interference to adjacent channels. The limitations to frequency spectrum is
called transmit frequency spectrum frame.
Equipment
Specifications of Receiver
ODU (4)
Working frequency band

Receivers work together with transmitters. The receiving frequency on

the local
station is the transmitting frequency of the same channel on the
opposite station.
Local frequency stability

The same as that of transmitters: 3 to 10 ppm
Noise figure
The noise figure of digital microwave receivers is 2.5 dB to 5 dB.
Equipment
ODUPassband
(5)

To effectively suppress interference and achieve the best transmission quality, the
passband and amplitude frequency characteristics should be properly chosen. The
receiver passband characteristics depend on the IF filter.

Selectivity
Ability of receivers of suppressing the various interferences outside the passband,
especially the interference from adjacent channels, image interference and the
interference between transmitted and received signals.

Automatic gain control (AGC) range
Automatic control of receiver gain. With this function, input RF signals change
within a
certain range and the IF signal level remains unchanges.
Equipment
ODU (6)Frequency range (7425M7725M)
f0(7575M)
T/R spacing: 154M ODUs are of rich
types and small
volume. Usually,
ODUs are
Subband Subband Subband Subband Subband Subband produced by
A B C A B C small
manufacturers
and integrated
by big
manufacturers.
7442 7498
Non-primary station Primary station
ODU specifications are related to radio
frequencies. As one ODU cannot cover an
entire frequency band, usually, a frequency Types of ODUs =
Number of frequency
band will be divided into several subbands
bands x Number of T/R
and each subband corresponds to one ODU. spacing x Number of
Different T/R spacing corresponds to subbands x 2
different ODUs. (ODUs of some
manufacturers are also
Primary and non-primary stations have
classified by capacity.
different ODUs.
Equipment
IDU Service
channel
IF unit
Tributary
unit Microwave
Tx IF
frame Modula
multiplexi tion
Cross- ng
conne
Cable interface
ction Microwave From/to ODU
frame Rx IF
Demod
demultiplexi
ng ulation
Line unit
Service
O&M channel
interface
Supervision and control
Power
interface
DC/DC conversion
Summary
Classification of digital microwave equipment
Components of split-mount microwave equipment and
their functions
Antenna installation and key specifications of antennas
Functional modules and key performance indexes of ODU
Functional modules of IDU
Signal flow of microwave transmission
Digital Microwave Networking
and Application
Common Networking Modes of
Digital Microwave
Ring network Chain network
Add/Drop
network
Hub network
Types of Digital Microwave
Stations
Digital microwave stations are classified into Pivotal stations, add/drop
relay stations, relay stations and terminal stations.
Relay Add/Drop
station relay
station
Terminal
station
Pivotal Terminal
station station
Terminal
station
Types of Relay Stations
Passive Back-to-back antenna

Plane reflector
Relay station
Regenerative repeater
Active IF repeater
RF repeater
Active Relay Station
Radio Frequency relay station
An active, bi-directional radio repeater system without frequency
shift. The RF relay station directly amplifies the signal over radio
frequency.
Regenerator relay station

A high-frequency repeater of high performance. The regenerator
relay station is used to extend the transmission distance of microwave

communication systems, or to deflect the transmission direction of the
signal to avoid obstructions and ensure the signal quality is not
degraded. After complete regeneration and amplification, the received
signal is forwarded.
Passive Relay Station
Parabolic reflector passive relay station
The parabolic reflector passive relay station is composed of two
parabolic antennas connected by a soft waveguide back to back.
The two-parabolic passive relay station often uses large-
diameter antennas. Meters are necessary to adjust antennas,
which is time consuming.
The near end is less than 5 km away.
Plane Reflector Passive Relay
Station
Plane reflector passive relay station: A metal board which has smooth
surface, proper effective area, proper angle and distance with the two
communication points. It is also a passive relay microwave station.
Full-distance free space loss:

d1(km)
Ls 142.1 20 log d1d 2 20 log a
d 2(km)
a A cos 2
a is the effective area (m2) of the flat reflector.
Passive Relay Station (Photos)
Passive relay station Passive relay station

(plane reflector) (parabolic reflectors)
Application of Digital Microwave
Complementary
networks to optical
networks (access
the services from
the last 1 km)
Special transmission
BTS backhaul conditions (rivers,
transmission lakes, islands, etc.)
Microwave
application
Emergency
communications
Redundancy (conventions,
backup of activities, danger
important links elimination, disaster
relief, etc.)
VIP customer
access
Protection Modes of
Digital Microwave Equipment (3)
Configurati Remark
Protection Mode Application
on s
1+0 NP Non-protection Terminal of the

network
1+1 FD Channel protection Inter-

frequency Select the proper
mode depending on
1+1 SD Equipment protection Intra- the geographical
and channel frequency condition and
protection requirements of the
customer
1+1 FD+SD Equipment protection Inter-
and channel frequency
protection
N+1 FD Equipment protection Inter- Large-capacity

and channel frequency backbone network
protection
02/10/17
Huawei OptiX RTN 600

and 900 Product
Introduction
RTN---Radio Transmission Node
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Network Application
E1/FE
RTN 950
GSM RTN 910 RTN 950
BSC
CDMAE1/FE
RTN 910
STM-1/E1
UMTSE1/FE
RTN 910 RTN 910
LTE RTN 950

E1/FE RNC
RTN 910
RTN 950
LTE
E1/FE
LTE
Access Aggregation or Regional Backbone
Page48
Adjust Slide
Forewor
d
The OptiX RTN 600 series and 900 series are split-
mount digital microwave transmission system developed
by Huawei. OptiX RTN 600 series and 900 series come in
three flavours each: 605, 610, and 620; 910,950 and 980.
The OptiX RTN 900 series is the new generation split
microwave transmission system developed by Huawei.
Contents
2. Equipment Structure
Contents
1.1 Equipment Components
IDU
ODU
Antenna
Intermediate Frequency (IF) Cable

Hybrid coupler

1.2 Equipment Characteristics
Equipment Adjust Slide
Components
Antenna
Hybrid
IF Cable Coupler
ODU
Pole
IDU 620
Equipment Components
Antenna
Hybrid Coupler
IF Cable
ODU
Pole
IDU 950
Page53
Equipment Components (Cont.)
Antenna
ODU
IF Cable
Pole
IDU 910
Page54
R2 New Slide
IDU
The IDU is the indoor unit of an OptiX RTN XXX
system. It accesses services, and performs
multiplexing/de-multiplexing and IF processing of
the services.
For the OptiX RTN 600, the IDUs are IDU 610, IDU
620, and IDU 605. For the OptiX RTN 900, the IDUs
are IDU 910, IDU 950, and IDU 980.
R2 New Slide
IDU 605
IDU 605 is 1U high , supports one microwave direction., have there types:
IDU 605 1A:

maximum capacity 5 E1
Support 1+0 configure
IDU 605 1A
IDU 605 1B:

Support 1+0 configure IDU 605 1B
IDU 605 2B:

Support 1+1configure
IDU 605 2B
IDU 610/620
IDU 610 is 1U high and supports
one microwave direction.
IDU 610
IDU 620 is 2U high and supports
maximum four microwave
directions.
IDU 620
Equipment Components (Cont.)
Antenna
ODU
IF Cable
Pole
IDU 910
Page58
Equipment Components
Antenna
Hybrid Coupler
IF Cable
ODU
Pole
IDU 950
Page59
IDU Compare R2 New Slide
Item IDU 605 IDU 610 IDU 620

RF configuration mode 1+0 IDU 605 1+0 1+0,1+1, N+1, XPIC
1A/1B
1+1 IDU 605

2B
IF Board IF logical board IF1 IF0, IF1, IFX
(IF0)
Maximum capacity 5 E1 1A STM-1
(single carrier)
16
E1 1B/2B
Pluggable board Not support support
Microwave type PDH SDH/PDH
Microwave modulation QPSK QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128
scheme QAM
Service type E1 SDH PDH E1 E3 DS3
and Ethernet services
R2 New Slide
IDU Compare cont.

Item IDU 605 IDU 610 IDU 620
Chassis 1U 1U 2U
height
heat nature heat nature heat dissipates heat
dissipation dissipation dissipation mode through wind
mode mode cooling
Built-in No support support support
ADM
Mobile No support support support
FLASH Card
Clock Automatic Manual configure Manual configure
Tracing tracing
Mother No Yes Yes
board
design
IDU
OptiX RTN 910 is 1U height and supports 1 or 2 IF
boards
Item Performance
Chassis height 1U
Pluggable Supported
Number of
microwave 12
directions
1+0 non-protection configuration
RF configuration
1+1 protection configuration
mode
N+1 protection configuration (N = 1)
XPIC configuration
Page62
IDU (Cont.)
OptiX RTN 950 is 2U height and supports 1 to 6 IF
boards
Item Performance
Chassis height 2U
Pluggable Supported
Number of
microwave 16
directions
N+0 non-protection configuration (N 5)
RF configuration
1+1 protection configuration
mode
N+1 protection configuration (N 4)
XPIC configuration
Page63
Adjust Slide
IF Cable
The IF cable provides -48V power for ODU and transmits the IF
signal and ODU management signal between IDU and ODU.
The IDU and ODU are connected by IF jumper and IF Cable:

IF jumper The IF jumper is a 2 m RG223 cable. The IF jumper uses a
TNC connector at one end to connect to the IF board, a type-N
connector at the other end to connect to the IF cable.

IF Cable Both end are type-N connector, one end to connect to IF
jumper, the other end to connect to ODU. There are two types of IF
Cable: RG-8U and 1/2 inch.

RG-8U cable is used for the distance less than 180 meter.

1/2 inch cable is used for the distance between 180m and 300m.
IF transit jumper IF cable
Adjust Slide
ODU
Outdoor unit (ODU) realizes the
mutual conversion between IF
analog signal and RF signal.
6G ODU 7~38G ODU
Adjust Slide
Hybrid Coupler
When two ODUs share one antenna, the ODUs must be
connected to an RF signal coupler/ splitter (hybrid coupler).
Then, the hybrid coupler is connected to the antenna.
6G Hybrid Coupler 7 38G Hybrid Coupler
R2 New Slide
ODU Types
The OptiX RTN 600 ODU is available in three types: Standard
Power, High Power, and Low capacity for PDH.
Item Description
Standard Power High Power ODU Low Capacity

ODU for PDH ODU
ODU series SP and SPA HP LP
Frequency band 6/7/8/11/13/15/1 7/8/11/13/15/18/2 7/13/15/18/23

8/23/26/38GHz 3/26/32/38 GHz GHz
Microwave type SDH/PDH PDH
Microwave QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QA QPSK/16QAM
modulation M
scheme
Adjust Slide
ODU Interface
The ODUs are classified into the ODU with the waveguide interface and the ODU
with the coaxial interface according to the type of the antenna interface of the ODU.
738 GHz ODUs are waveguide

interfaces 6 GHz SP series ODUs are coaxial interfaces
ODU -- Product Label
The ODU parameters and types can be get from the
ODU label : Freq. band
: ODU type

: Freq. band
S-Eth.+E1, P-E1
T/R spacing (MHz)
Sub-freq. band
P- high site, N : Transmit freq. band (MHz)
low site
: T/R spacing (MHz)
S-Standard power,
H-high power : Hi-high site, Lo- low site
Page69
ODU (Cont.)
ODUs supported by the OptiX RTN 910
Description
Item Standard Power Low Capacity for
High Power ODU
ODU PDH ODU
ODU type SP, SPA HP LP, LPA
7/8/11/13/15/18/23/ 7/8/11/13/15/18/23
26/38 GHz (SP GHz (LP ODU)
7/8/11/13/15/18/23/
Frequency band ODU) 7/8/11/13/15/18/23/
26/28/32/38 GHz
6/7/8/11/13/15/18/2 26/32/38 GHz (LPA
3 GHz (SPA ODU) ODU)
QPSK/16QAM/32QA
M/64QAM/128QAM/ QPSK/16QAM (LP
QPSK/16QAM/32QA
Microwave 256QAM (SP) ODU)
M/64QAM/128QAM/
modulation mode QPSK/16QAM/32QA QPSK/16QAM/32QA
256QAM
M/64QAM/128QAM M (LPA ODU)
(SPA)
Channel Spacing 3.5/7/14/28 MHz 7/14/28/40/56 MHz 3.5/7/14/28 MHz
Page70
ODU (Cont.)
ODUs supported by the OptiX RTN 950
Description
Item
Standard Power ODU High Power ODU
ODU type SP and SPA HP
7/8/11/13/15/18/23/26/38
GHz (SP ODU) 7/8/11/13/15/18/23/26/28/
Frequency band
6/7/8/11/13/15/18/23 GHz 32/38 GHz
(SPA ODU)
QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QA
M/128QAM/256QAM (SP
Microwave modulation QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QA
ODU)
mode M/128QAM/256QAM
QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QA
M/128QAM (SPA ODU)
Channel Spacing 3.5/7/14/28 MHz 7/14/28/40/56 MHz
Page71
Adjust Slide
Antenna
The antenna performs the directional transmission and
reception of RF signals. The main parameters are
frequency band, diameter and antenna gain.
Dual-polarized antenna
Single-polarized antenna
Adjust Slide
IDU 610/620 Characteristics
PDH/SDH integrated microwave transmission system.
The modulation mode and link capacity are set through
software.
Microwave link supports the SNCP (IF0 Board not
support SNCP
Except for SL4 IF0 IFX EMS6 not support IDU
610 the other boards of IDU 610 and IDU 620 are
compatible with each other.
R2 New Slide
IDU 610/620 Characteristics
(cont.)
IFX board support XPIC function
Support N+1 protection and REG function
Synchronous data interface /Orderwire spanning function
SL61SCCVER.C
The external clock interface supply 2M overhead , it can be
used as the wayside service interface, or can transparently
transmit DCC bytes, synchronous data overhead bytes,
asynchronous data overhead bytes, and orderwire overhead
bytes.
Support STM-4 MSP
IDU 910/950 Equipment
Characteristics
PDH/SDH integrated microwave transmission system
The modulation mode and link capacity are set by software or
adjusted by AM function
Supporting the SNCP
Built-in ADM provides flexible service add/drop function.
Providing the clock tracing, XPIC, MW N+1,ATPC, LMSP
functions.
Supporting Hybrid Microwave
Supporting Ethernet protection such as ERPS,LAG and MSTP
Page75
Characteristics (Cont.)
AM Function Based on the Hybrid Microwave
256QAM
QPSK
16QAM
64QAM
128QAM
256QAM
Channel
Capability
E1 Services
Ethernet
Services
Page76
Characteristics (Cont.)
The features of AM technology

The AM technology can use the QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM,
128QAM, and 256QAM modulation mode

The lowest modulation mode (also called "reference mode")
and the highest modulation mode (also called "nominal mode")
actually used by the AM can be configured

When the modulation modes of AM are switched, the transmit
frequency, receive frequency, and channel spacing do not
change

When the modulation modes of AM are switched, the step by
step switching mode must be adopted
When the AM switches the modulation modes to a lower one,
the services of the low priority are discarded but no bit errors or
slips occur in the services of the high priority
Page77
Adjust Slide
System Diagram of OptiX
600
OptiX RTN 600 is divided based on functional units. It consists of
service interface unit, cross-connection unit, IF unit, control unit,
clock unit, auxiliary interface unit. RF signal
ODU
IF signal Antenna
PDH Baseband Cross-co Baseband

Service
SDH signal signal
interface nnect IF unit
Ethernet unit unit
Control and overhead bus
Orderwire Auxiliary Clock Control Fan Power

External alarm interface unit unit unit unit
Synchronous/ unit
asynchronous
data
External clock NM data -48V/-60V DC
or WSdata
System Diagram of OptiX 900
RF
signal
ODU
IDU IF signal Antenna

Timeslot
VC-4 VC-4
cross-
signal connect signal
Service unit
Ethernet
interface IF unit
E1/STM-1 unit Packet
Ethernet switching Ethernet
signal unit signal
Control and
overhead bus
Orderwire data Auxiliary

Clock Control Fan Power
External alarm data interface
unit unit unit unit
Sync/Async data unit
Clock interface NM data -48V/-60V DC
Page79
Adjust Slide
Questions
What are the components of OptiX RTN 600? What are the functions of them?
What about the connection relation among the components?
What types do the OptiX RTN 600 have What are the characteristics of
each type IDU?
What are the components of OptiX RTN 910/950? What are the functions
of them?
What about the connection relation among the components?
Adjust Slide
IDU Structure ( IDU 610)

IDU 610 is 1U high and
adopts the nature heat
dissipation mode.
Support 1+0 configuration.
Line board /tributary IF board

board/data board
Note: The slot
EXT slot3 EXT slot4 numbering rule is
PXC slot1 SCC slot2 from bottom to up
and left to right.
Adjust Slide
IDU Structure ( IDU 620)

IDU 620 is 2U high and
dissipates heat through
wind cooling.
Support a maximum of 4+0
configuration or two groups
of 1+1 configuration.
EXT slot7 EXT slot8

slot EXT slot5 EXT slot6
20 The slot numbering
PXC slot3 EXT slot4
rule is the same as
PXC slot1 SCC slot2 OptiX RTN 610 .
IDU Structure (IDU 910)
IDU 910 slot layout
IF and other service boards
Slot5Slot6 Slot3(EXT) Slot4 (EXT)

PIU FAN Slot 1(CSTA/CSHA/CSHB/CSHC)
Page83
IDU Structure (IDU 950)
IDU 950 slot layout
Slot Slot 7 (CST/CSH)Slot 8 (CST/CSH)

10 Slot
PIU Slot 5 (EXT) Slot 6 (EXT)
Slot 11
FAN Slot 3 (EXT) Slot 4 (EXT)
9
PIU Slot 1 (EXT) Slot 2 (EXT)
Page84
IF Boards/Cards
IDU Board -- IF Board IF1
The IF board receives and transmits 1x IF signal. It realizes the
conversion between baseband digital signal and IF signal, it
also provides -48V DC power supply and management signal to
the ODU.
IF cable interface ODU power Indicators

supply switch
R2 New Slide
IDU Board -- IF Board IF0
IF cable ODU power Indicators

interface supply switch
IF Board--IF1
IF1

SDH IF board

Valid Slot : from Slot 1 to slot 6 (OptiX RTN 950)
from Slot 3 to slot 4 (OptiX RTN 910)

Function:
Provides one IF interface

Supports the TU-based PDH microwave solution and the STM-1-based SDH
microwave solution
Page87
IF Board--IF1 (Cont.)
Front Panel
IF ODU
interface power
switch
Indicators
Page88
Description of the indicators
Indicator Status Meaning
On (green) The board is working normally
On (red) The board hardware is faulty
STAT
The board is not working
Off The board is not created
There is no power supplied to the board
The equipment at the opposite end reports
On (yellow)
an RDI.
RMT The equipment at the opposite end does
On (off) not report
an RDI
The board is working in the active state
(1+1
On (green)
protection). The board is activated (no
protection).
ACT
The board is working in the standby state
(1+
Off
protection). The board is not activated (no
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page89
protection). Page 89

The services are normal and no alarms
On (green)
occur.
A critical alarm or major alarm occurs in
On (red)
SRV the services.
A minor alarm or remote alarm occurs
On (yellow)
in the services.
Off The services are not configured
On (green) The radio link is normal
LINK
On (red) The radio link is faulty
On (green) The ODU is working normally
On (red) The ODU is faulty
ODU
On for 300 ms (yellow)
and off for 300 ms The antennas are not aligned
repeatedly
Page90
IF Board--IFU2
IFU2

Universal IF board


Functions:
Provides one IF interface

Supports the hybrid microwave solution
Supports AM
Page91
IF Board--IFU2(Cont.)
Front Panel
IF ODU
interface power
switch
Indicators
Page92
IF BoardIFU2 (Cont.)
STAT
The equipment at the opposite end reports
On (yellow)
an RDI.
RMT The equipment at the opposite end does
On (off) not report
an RDI
The board is working in the active state
(1+1
On (green)
protection). The board is activated (no
protection).
ACT
The board is working in the standby state
(1+
Off
protection). The board is not activated (no
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page93
protection). Page 93
IF BoardIFU2 (Cont.)

On (green)
occur.
On (red)
SRV the services.
On (yellow)
in the services.
On (green) The radio link is normal
LINK
On (red) The radio link is faulty
On (green) The ODU is working normally
On (red) The ODU is faulty
ODU
On for 300 ms (yellow)
and off for 300 ms The antennas are not aligned
repeatedly
Page94
R2 New Slide
IDU Board -- IF Board IFX
XPIC input /output ODU power Indicators

IF cable
signal port supply switch
interface
IF Board -- Types Adjust Slide
The IFO is available in two types: IF0A / IF0B
The IF1 is available in two types: IF1A/IF1B.
The IFX is only one type.
IF1A/IF0A IF1B/IF0B/IFX
The -48V power is -48V power supply is
isolated by the DC-DC output directly to ODU.
power supply module and Support the DC-C
then sent to the ODU. grounding mode only.
Support DC-I and DC-C
grounding modes.
IF Board -- Board Installation
No limitation for board installation under HSB configuration.
Only installing IF boards in paired slots under SD or FD
configuration.
EXT slot3 EXT slot4
Recommended
installation PXC slot1 SCC slot2
sequence for IF
IDU 610
boards
Paired EXT slot7 EXT slot8

Slots slot EXT slot5 EXT slot6
20 PXC slot3 EXT slot4
Paired PXC slot1 SCC slot2
Slots
IDU 620
IF Board -- IF Signal
Parameters
Item Performance
Transmitting frequency 350
(MHz)
IF signal Receiving frequency 140
(MHz)
Impedance (ohm) 50
Modulation mode ASK

ODU Transmitting frequency 5.5
management (MHz)
signal
Receiving frequency 10
(MHz)
IF Board -- Indicators
On The board is working normally
STAT On The board hardware is faulty.

Off The board is not working, not
created, or has no input power.
On The service is normal.
On The service has a critical or major
SRV alarm.
On The service has a minor or remote
alarm.
Off No services are configured.
On The space link is normal.
LINK
On The space link is faulty.
IF Board Indicators (Cont.)
On The ODU is normal.
ODU
On The ODU is faulty.
On The microwave BER exceeds the
threshold.
BER
Off The microwave BER does not
exceed the threshold.
On The remote equipment has a
Remote Defect Indication (RDI).
RMT
Off The remote equipment has no
RDI.
On The board is in active state.
ACT
Off The board is in standby state.
R2 New Slide
IF Board Indicators (Cont.)

on The XPIC input signal is
normal.
on The XPIC input signal is
XPIC
lost.
off
IF0 IF1 IFX The
board have the STAT XPIC
SRV function
LINK ODUis RMT
disabled.
ACT indicator.
IF0 IF1 have the BER indicator IFX board have no BER indicator
IFX board have the XPIC indicator, IF0/IF1 board have no XPIC
indicator.
R2 New Slide
IFX Board XPIC features

XPIC (Cross-polarization interference cancellation ) is a
technology used together with co-channel dual-polarization
(CCDP). The application of the two technologies doubles the
wireless link capacity over the same channel.
XPIC is used to effectively improve the transmission
capacity and the utilization of the frequency spectrums. It is
widely used in the trunk microwave. As the split-mount
microwave develops and the frequency resources become
insufficient in recent years, the XPIC technology is applied
in the split-mount microwave.
R2 New Slide

Dual-polarized
Cont. antenna A dual-polarized antenna can transmit and

receive RF signals on the two polarizations at the same time. Only one
RF interface exists at the rear end of a uni-polarized antenna, of which
the polarization orientation can be adjusted. Two RF interfaces,
however, exist at the rear end of a dual-polarized antenna. By default,
the polarization orientation of the left interface is vertical, and the
polarization orientation of the right interface is horizontal.
OptiX RTN 600 can configure as one XPIC working group through use
two IFX board, two ODU, one dual-polarized antenna. The XPIC cable is
used to transmit the reference IF signal between the two IFX boards of
the XPIC working group, process the dual polarization signal at the
same time.
An XPIC system has two configuration modes: single-NE configuration
and dual-NE configuration
R2 New Slide
Cont.
Typical configuration of XPIC (single-NE
configuration)
R2 New Slide
Cont.
Typical configuration of XPIC (dual-NE configuration)
R2 New Slide

Cont.
Installation Limitations
Only IDU 620 is applicable.
The ODU must adopt the separate mount mode, because the dual-
polarized antenna is used.
Configuration Limitations :
1. The link ID-V and link ID-H should be difference.
2. XPIC supports the STM-1 microwave working mode only The transmit
power and frequency of the two ODUs that are in an XPIC working group
should be the same It is recommending the ATPC is disable, each of the
ATPC parameters (ATPC enable status, ATPC upper threshold, ATPC lower
threshold, and ATPC adjustment) should be set to the same value if the
ATPC set to enable.
3. Make sure the XPIC cable be connected correctly to realize the XPIC
function.
R2 New Slide
Cont.
When two IFX boards that form an XPIC protection group are
installed on an IDU, you can create an XPIC protection group
to ensure that the XPIC protection group is configured with
the same working mode, transmission frequency, transmit
power, and ATPC attributes.
IFX can work in XPIC-enable state (The XPIC Enabled
parameter must be set to Enabled );it can also work in XPIC-
disable state.
XPIC-enable state The two IFX boards from the XPIC
system are connected by an IF jumper for transmitting the
XPIC cancellation signal to each other.
XPIC-disable state IFX board can be connect to IF1 in the STM-
1service, but it is not recommended .
R2 New Slide
IFX Board XPIC and 1+1
Protection
The four IFX boards in two XPIC working groups can form two 1+1 protection
groups, and the both IF boards from the XPIC working groups must be the
main boards or the back boards in 1+1protection groups
XPIC Cable
Figure 1 single-NE configuration Figure 2 dual-NE configuration
XPIC Cable has three types short-line long-line

(short) long-line (long).
Commonly the typical configuration
1 Two short-lines in the figure1 IN OUT IN OUT
2 Two long-lines (short) or two long-lines (long)
Figure 3
in the figure2
3 one long-line (short) and one long-line
(long) in the figure3
IF Board--IF Performance
The modulation mode and capacity supported by IF1
Service Capacity Modulation Mode Channel Spacing
(MHz)
4xE1 QPSK 7
4xE1 16QAM 3.5
8xE1 QPSK 14 (13.75)
8xE1 16QAM 7
16xE1 QPSK 28 (27.5)
16xE1 16QAM 14 (13.75)
22xE1 32QAM 14 (13.75)
26xE1 64QAM 14 (13.75)
35xE1 16QAM 28 (27.5)
44xE1 32QAM 28 (27.5)
53xE1 64QAM 28 (27.5)
STM-1 128QAM 28 (27.5)
Page110
IF Board--IF Performance (Cont.)
The modulation mode and capacity supported by
IFU2/IFX2
Maximum
Channel Service
Modulation Number of
Spacing Capacity
Mode E1s in
(MHz) (Mbit/s)
Services
7 QPSK 10 5
7 16QAM 20 10
7 32QAM 25 12
7 64QAM 32 15
7 128QAM 38 18
7 256QAM 44 21
Page111
IFU2/IFX2
Maximum
Channel Service
Spacing Capacity
Mode E1s in
(MHz) (Mbit/s)
Services
14 (13.75) QPSK 20 10
14 (13.75) 16QAM 42 20
14 (13.75) 32QAM 51 24
14 (13.75) 64QAM 66 31
14 (13.75) 128QAM 78 37
14 (13.75) 256QAM 90 43
Page112
IFU2/IFX2
Maximum
Channel Service
Spacing Capacity
Mode E1s in
(MHz) (Mbit/s)
Services
28 (27.5) QPSK 42 20
28 (27.5) 16QAM 84 40
28 (27.5) 32QAM 105 50
28 (27.5) 64QAM 133 64
28 (27.5) 128QAM 158 75
28 (27.5) 256QAM 183 75
Page113
IFU2/IFX2
Maximum
Channel Service
Spacing Capacity
Mode E1s in
(MHz) (Mbit/s)
Services
56 (55) QPSK 84 40
56 (55) 16QAM 168 75
56 (55) 32QAM 208 75
56 (55) 64QAM 265 75
56 (55) 128QAM 313 75
56 (55) 256QAM 363 75
Page114
Service Boards/Cards:
IDU

Board -- Tributary Board PH1
The tributary board PH1 processes 16 channel E1 signals
and provides the E1 interface.
1-8 channel
Indicator 9-16 channel E1
E1
DB44 interfaces
DB44
interfaces
R2 New Slide
IDU Board -- Tributary Board
PD1
The tributary board PD1 processes 32 channel E1 signals
and provides the E1 interface.
1 16 E1 17 32E1
indicator
MDR68 interface MDR68 interface
R2 New Slide
IDU Board -- Tributary Board
PL3
The tributary board PL3 processes 3 channel E3/DS3 signals and
provides the E1 interface.
PL3 not support the E3 and DS3 services hybrid configured.
Select the type of the accessed service signal as E3 or DS3 through
software.
indicator SMB
interface
Tributary Board -- Types
PH1A PO1A PH1B PO1B
16-channel 8-channel

16-channel E1

8-channel E1

E1 interface E1 interface interface board

75 ohm 75 ohm 120 omh 120 ohm

The board interface

Four groups of
impedance is selected jumpers
determine the
through the jumper: impedance.
If there is a jumper, the
impedance is 75 ohm.

If there is no jumper, the
impedance is 120 ohm. Front
panel
R2 New Slide
Tributary Board -- Types
(cont.)
PD1A PD1B PL3
32-channel 32-channel
3-channel

E1 interface E1 interface E3/DS3 interface

75 ohm 120 omh 75 ohm

PD1 board interface impedance is

Eight groups
selected through the jumper: of jumpers
determine the
If there is a jumper, the impedance
impedance.
is 75 ohm.
If there is no jumper, the
impedance is 120 ohm.
Front
PL3 board interface impedance cannot panel
changed through the jumper
Tributary Board -- Board
installation
Recommended EXT slot3 EXT slot4
installation
PXC slot1 SCC slot2
sequence for
TU boards
IDU 610
EXT slot7 EXT slot8

PXC slot1 SCC slot2
IDU 620
PDH Board
SP3S

16xE1 tributary board


Functions
Provides 16 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interfaces
Page121
PDH Board (Cont.)
SP3D

32xE1 tributary board

Valid Slot
Slot 3 or 4 in IDU 910
From Slot 1 to slot 6 in IDU 950
Functions
Page122
PDH Board (Cont.)
Front Panel
SP3S
Indicators E1
interfaces
SP3D
Page123
PDH Board (Cont.)

STAT
On (green)
occur.
A critical alarm or major alarm occurs in the
On (red)
SRV services.
A minor alarm or remote alarm occurs in
On (yellow)
the services.
Page124
Tributary Board -- Indicators
Indicato
Status Meaning
r
On The board is working normally.
On The board hardware is faulty.
STAT
Off The board is not working, or
On The service has a critical or major
alarm.
SRV
On The service has a minor or remote
alarm.
IDU Board -- Line Board
SD1/SDE
The line board processes 1-2 channel STM-1 signal
and provides STM-1 optical or electrical interface.
LC
optical
interface
SMB
electrica
l
interface
R2 New Slide
IDU Board -- Line Board SL4

The SL4 line board processes 1 channel STM-4 signal and
provides STM-4 optical interface.
indicator LC optical
interface
Line Board -- Types
SD1 SL1
Dual-port STM-1 Single- port STM-1
optical interface optical interface
Ie-1 S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2 Ie-1 S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2

interfaceinterfaceinterfaceinterface interfaceinterfaceinterfaceinterface
SDE SLE
dual-port STM-1 Single-port STM-1
electrical interface electrical interface
R2 New Slide
Line Board Types (cont.)

SL4 line board support three optical module
SL4
Single STM-4 optical

interface
S-4.1 L-4.1 L-4.2

interface interface interface
Line Board -- Board installation
Recommende EXT slot3 EXT slot4

d installation
sequence for PXC slot1 SCC slot2
LU boards
IDU 610
EXT slot7 EXT slot8

PXC slot1 SCC slot2
IDU 620
Note: Only slot 6/slot 8 support SL4
SDH Board-SL1D
SL1D

2xSTM-1 interface board


Function
Uses the SFP module to provide two STM-1 optical interfaces
Page131
SDH Board-SL1D (Cont.)
Front Panel
Indicators
Optical
Interfaces
Page132


STAT
The first/second optical interface of the
On (red)
SL1D reports the R_LOS alarm
LOS1/LOS2
The first/second optical interface of the
Off
SL1D does not report the R_LOS alarm
Page133

On (green)
occur.
On (red)
SRV the services.
On (yellow)
in the services.
Page134
SDH Board-Interface Performance
Item Performance
Nominal bit rate 155520
(kbit/s)
Classification code Ie-1 S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2
Fiber type Multi-mode Single- Single- Single-
fiber mode fiber mode fiber mode fiber
Transmission distance
2 15 40 80
(km)
Operating 1270 to 1261 to 1280 to 1480 to
wavelength (nm) 1380 1360 1335 1580
Mean launched power
19 to 14 15 to 8 5 to 0 5 to 0
(dBm)
Receiver minimum
30 28 34 34
sensitivity (dBm)
Minimum overload
14 8 10 10
(dBm)
Minimum extinction
10 8.2 10 10
ratio (dB)
Page135
Line Board -- Indicators
Indicato
r
Status Meaning

STAT
Off The board is not working, or created, or no
power supply.
On The service has a critical or major alarm.
SRV
On The service has a minor or remote alarm.
On No.1 opt. port on the SL1/SD1 board has a
R_LOS alarm.
LOS1
Off No.1 opt. port on the SL1/SD1 board has no
R_LOS alarm.
On No.2 opt. port on the SD1 board has a R_LOS
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page 136
alarm.
R2 New Slide
Line Board -- Indicators

on opt. port on the SL1/SD1 board has a
R_LOS alarm.
LOS
off opt. port on the SL1/SD1 board has no
R_LOS alarm.
Note: All the line board have the STAT and SRV indicator.
IDU Board -- Ethernet Board
EFT4
EFT4 is a Ethernet transparent transmission board. It receives,
transmits and processes four-channel Ethernet signals.
Recommended EXT slot3 EXT slot4

installation
PXC slot1 SCC slot2
sequence for
EFT4 boards
IDU 610
EXT slot7 EXT slot8

PXC slot1 SCC slot2
IDU 620
R2 New Slide
IDU Board -- Ethernet Board EMS6

The EMS6 accesses 4xFE signals and 2xGE/FE signals, and
supports transparent transmission services and Layer 2 switching.
Provides GE optical interfaces or GE electrical interfaces by using
two SFP modules. The GE electrical interface is compatible with
the FE electrical interface.
Supports an uplink bandwidth of 2xVC-4s.
Recommended
installation EXT slot7 EXT slot8
sequence for
EMS6 boards slot EXT slot5 EXT slot6
PXC slot1 SCC slot2
IDU 620
Ethernet Board
EM6T

6 Port RJ45 FE/GE Interface Board


Functions
Provides four FE electrical interfaces
Provides two GE electrical interfaces that are compatible with the FE
electrical interface
Supports E-Line, E-LAN services
Page140
Ethernet Board (Cont.)
EM6F

4 Port RJ45 + 2 Port SFP FE/GE Interface Board


Functions
Provides four FE electrical interfaces
Uses the SFP module to provide two GE optical/electrical interfaces
Supports E-Line, E-LAN services
Page141
Front Panel
EM6T
Indicators GE FE
interfaces interfaces
EM6F
Page142

STAT
On (green) The system is working normally
A critical or major alarm occurs in the
On (red)
SRV system
On (yellow) A minor alarm occurs in the system
Off There is no power supplied to the system
Page143
On for 100 ms When the board is being powered on or
(green) and off for being reset, the software is being loaded to
100 ms repeatedly the flash memory
(green) and off for being reset, the board software is in BIOS
300 ms repeatedly boot state
On (green) The upper layer software is being initialized
PROG On for 100 ms (red) When the board is being powered on or

and off for 100 ms
repeatedly being reset, the BOOTROM self-check fails.
When the board is being powered on or

being reset, the memory self-check fails or
On (red) loading the upper layer software fails.
When the board is running, the logic file or
upper layer software is lost.
Off The software is running normally
Page144
The GE1/2 interface is connected correctly

On (green)
and is not receiving or transmitting data.
LINK1/2 The GE1/2 interface is receiving or

Blinking (yellow)
transmitting data.
The GE1/2 interface is not connected or is
Off
connected incorrectly.
Page145
Service Signal Processing Flow
SDH/PDH Microwave
IDU
VC-4 VC-4 IF RF
E1 SP3S/ signal CST/ signal signal signal
IF1 ODU
SP3D CSH
Antenna
Page146
Service Signal Processing Flow
Hybrid Microwave
IDU
E1 VC-4 VC-4
SP3S/ signal
SP3D signal IF RF
signal signal
CSH IFU2 ODU
Ethernet Antenna
FE EM6T/ signal
Ethernet
EM6F
signal
Page147
Questions
What types of the services can be supported by
OptiX RTN 910 and OptiX RTN 950? What are the
corresponding boards used for them?
Whats the use of the paired slots in IDU 910 and IDU
950 ?
Page148
Power Cross-Connection Clock
Board
-- PXC
The PXC board realizes the cross-connection (1616 VC4) and
clock functions , it also provides the DC power for other boards.
Power input IDU External clock/ Indicator

interface Power Wayside
switch Interface/Overh
ead data
channel
PXC -- Board Installation
EXT slot3 EXT slot4
PXC slot1 SCC slot2
IDU 610
EXT slot7 EXT slot8

PXC slot1 SCC slot2
IDU 620
R2 New Slide
PXC The new function of external
clock unit
The interface support access external clock, wayside service,
transparently transmit DCC bytes, synchronous data overhead
bytes, asynchronous data overhead bytes, and orderwire overhead
bytes.
External clock: set the type (2 Mbit/s or 2 MHz)
External clock of HZ mode Bypass data(E1) other functions of
clock DCC orderwire synchronous data asynchronous
data are mutually exclusive.
The external clock interface can transparently transmit DCC
bytes, synchronous data overhead bytes, asynchronous data
overhead bytes, and orderwire overhead bytes at the same time.
PXC -- Indicators
STAT
Off The board is not working, or not created,
or has no input power.
On The power is normal.
On +3.3V power fault or -48V input power
PWR
abnormal
Off No input power.
On The clock is normal.
SYNC On The clock source is lost or the switch
exists.
On The board is in active state.
ACT
Off The board is in standby status.
Power Board
IDU 910

TNC1PIU provides one 48 V/60 V DC power input

Valid Slot: Slot 5
IDU950

TND1PIU provides one 48 V/60 V DC power input

Valid Slot: Slot 9&10
Page153
Power Board (Cont.)
Front Panel
PIU of IDU PIU of IDU

950 910
Page154
Power Board (Cont.)
Description of the indicators on IDU 950

On (green) The power supply is connected.
PWR
There is no power supplied to the PIU or the
Off
power supply is connected incorrectly.
Description of the indicators on IDU 910

On (green) The power supply is connected.
PWR A/B
There is no power supplied to the PIU or the
Off
power supply is connected incorrectly.
Page155
IDU Board -- Fan Board (FAN)
for 600 series
Indicato EXT slot7 EXT slot8
r slot EXT slot5 EXT slot6
PXC slot1 SCC slot2
Fan direction

On The fan is working
normally.
FAN
On The board is faulty.
Off The board has no input power.
FAN
IDU 910

TNC1FAN cools and ventilates the IDU

Valid Slot: Slot 6
IDU 950

TND1FAN cools and ventilates the IDU

Valid Slot: Slot 11
Page157
FAN (Cont.)
Front Panel
ESD Wrist
Strap Jack
FAN of IDU
910
FAN of IDU
950
Page158
IDU Board for 600 series -- SCC
SCC provides system control and communication functions, auxiliary
interfaces management and standby internal power module.
Flash
memory
Indicators
NM Order wire
interface
Indicator
test button NM serial Asynchronous
port NM cascaded data and
Reset interface Boolean
button interface
SCC Board -- Board
Installation
EXT slot3 EXT slot4
PXC slot1 SCC slot2
IDU 610
EXT slot7 EXT slot8

PXC slot1 SCC slot2
IDU 620
SCC Board -- NM Cable
Connection
The SCC board sets the NE ID through the software. The initial NE
ID is set to 49136 by default.
The IP address of NE is also set through the software. The IP
address is set to 129.9.0.ID by default.
NMS
Connected by
Ethernet cable
SCC Board -- Wrong
Connections
Self-loop of
single NE
Multiple NEs are

cascaded as a
loop.
The
connection will
cause NE reset
frequently.
SCC Board -- Indicators
STAT
Off The board is not working, or not
On 100 ms and During the board power-on/reset,
off 100 ms loading the software.
On 300 ms and The board software is introduced
off 300 ms through the BIOS during the power-
PROG on/reset.
On Initialize the upper layer software.
On 100 ms and During the board power-on/reset,
off 100 ms BOOTROM self-test fails.
SCC Board -- Indicators
Indicat Status Meaning
or
On During the board power-on/reset, the memory
self-test fails or the upper layer software
PROG loading fails, or during the board running, the
logical file and software are lost.
Off The software is normal.
On The system is normal.
On The system has a critical or major alarm.
ALM
On The system has a minor alarm.
Off The system has no input power.
On The system is in maintenance state ( that is,
loop-back, laser power-off, and ODU
MANT transceiver mute)
Off The system is in working state.
IDU board for 900 series: System Control,
Switching, and Timing Board
IDU 910 uses CSTA/CSHA/CSHB/CSHC
CSTA is TDM control, switching, and timing board, only
can be installed in slot 1 of IDU 910
Provides full timeslot cross-connections for VC-12/VC-3/VC-4
services equivalent to 8x8 VC-4s.
Provides two STM-1 optical or electrical interfaces

Provides NM interfaces

Provides auxiliary Interfaces such as orderwire, clock
inputting, external alarm interfaces etc.
Page165
System Control, Switching, and
Timing Board (IDU 910)
CSHA is hybrid control, switching, and timing board, only
can be install in slot 1 of IDU 910

services equivalent to 8x8 VC-4s and the 4.2 Gbit/s packet
switching capability


Provides two FE electrical interfaces

Provides two GE electrical interfaces that are compatible with


Provides auxiliary Interfaces such as order wire, clock
Page166
CSHB is hybrid control, switching, and timing board, only
can be install in slot 1 of IDU 910




Provides two GE electrical interfaces that are compatible with


Provides auxiliary Interfaces such as orderwire, clock
Page167
CSHC is hybrid control, switching, and timing board, only can
be install in slot 1 of IDU 910



provides two STM-1 optical interfaces


Provides two GE or optical electrical interfaces that are
compatible with the FE electrical interface.


Provides auxiliary interfaces such as orderwire, clock inputting,
external alarm interfaces etc.
Page168
Front Panel of CSTA
1. Indicators 2. Buttons 3. Auxiliary interfaces

and management
interfaces
4. STM-1 optical 5. E1 (1-16)

Page169
Description of the indicators (CSTA)

STAT
On (red)
system
SRV
A minor or remote alarm occurs in the
On (yellow)
system.
Page170
On for 100 ms (red) When the board is being powered on or
PROG and off for 100 ms

loading the upper layer software fails.
On (red)
upper layer software is lost. The pluggable
storage card is faulty
Page171

On (green) The clock is normal
SYNC
On (red) The clock source is lost or is switched
The first/second optical interface on the line
On (red)
reports the R_LOS alarm
LOS 1/2 The first/second optical interface on the line
Off does
not report the R_LOS alarm
Page172
Front Panel of CSHA

and management
interfaces
4. FE service interfaces 5. GE service 6. E1 (1-16) interface
interfaces
Page173
Front Panel of CSHB

and management
interfaces
4. FE service interfaces 5. GE service 6. E1 (1-32) interface
interfaces
Page174
Front Panel of CSHC

and management
interfaces
4. FE service interfaces 5. GE service 6. STM-1 optical

7. E1 (1-16) interface
Page175
Description of the indicators on the CSHA/CSHB

STAT
On (red)
SRV system
On (yellow)
system.
SYNC
Page176
Description of the indicators on the CSHA/CSHB

On (red)
Page177
Description of the indicators on the CSHC

STAT
On (red)
SRV system
On (yellow)
system.
SYNC
Page178

On (red)
Page179

On (green) The port connection is normal
LINK 1/2
Off The port connection is interrupted.
On or blinking
The data is being transmitted or received.
ACT 1/2 (yellow)
Off No data is being transmitted or received.
The first/second optical interface on the line
On (red)
reports the R_LOS alarm
LOS 1/2 The first/second optical interface on the line
Off does
not report the R_LOS alarm
Page180
Timing Board (IDU950)
IDU 950 uses CST/CSH board
CST is TDM control, switching, and timing board, only can
be installed in slot 7&8 of IDU 950
services equivalent to 32x32 VC-4s

Performs system communication and control
Provides the clock processing function and supports one
external clock input/output function

Provides one Ethernet NM interface, one NM serial interface,
and one NE cascading interface
Page181
CSH is hybrid control, switching, and timing board,
only can be install in slot 7&8 of IDU 950

Provides full timeslot cross-connections for VC-12/VC-
3/VC-4 services equivalent to 32x32 VC-4s.

Provides the 10 Gbit/s packet switching capability.
Performs system communication and control.
Provides the clock processing function and supports
one external clock input/output function.
Provides one Ethernet NM interface, one NM serial
interface, and one NE cascading interface.
Page182
Front Panel
CST
CSH
Page183
Description of the indicators on the CST/CSH

STAT
A critical or major alarm occurs on the
On (red)
SRV board.
On (yellow)
system.
SYNC
Page184

On (red)
Page185
The board is in the active state in the 1+1

On (green) protection system. The board is already
ACT activated in the unprotected system.
The board is in the standby state in the

Off 1+1 protection system. The board is not
activated in the unprotected system.
Page186
AUX Board in IDU950
AUX

Auxiliary interface board

Valid Slot: from Slot 1 to slot 6
Functions
Provides one orderwire phone interface, one asynchronous data interface,
and four-input and two-output external alarm interfaces.
Page187
AUX Board in IDU950 (Cont.)
Front Panel
Description of the auxiliary interfaces

F1/S1: Synchronous/Asynchronous data interface

ALMI :Alarm input

ALMO: Alarm output

PHONE: Orderwire phone
Page188
AUX Board in IDU950 (Cont.)

STAT
A critical or major alarm occurs on the
On (red)
SRV board.
On (yellow)
system.
Page189
R2 New Slide
IDU Boards Summary

Board Support IDU Type Explain
IF1A/IF1B IDU 610/IDU 620 receives and transmits 1x IF signal. It
IF0A/IF0B IDU 620 realizes the conversion between baseband
IFX IDU 620 digital signal and IF signal, it also provides

-48V DC power supply and management
signal to the ODU.
PH1 IDU 610/IDU 620 16E1tributary board provide E1

interface.
PO1 IDU 610/IDU 620 8E1tributary board provide E1
interface.
PD1 IDU 610/IDU 620 32E1tributary board provide E1
interface.
PL3 IDU 610/IDU 620 3E3/DS3 tributary board provide
E3/DS3 interface.
R2 New Slide
IDU Boards Summary (cont.)

Board Support IDU Explain
Type
SD1 IDU 610/IDU 2STM-1 line board, provide STM-1 optical interface
620
SDE IDU 610/IDU 2STM-1 line board, provide STM-1 electrical
620 interface
SL1 IDU 610/IDU 1STM-1 line board, provide STM-1 optical
620 interface
SLE IDU 610/IDU 1STM-1 line board, provide STM-1 electrical
620 interface
SL4 IDU 620 1STM-41 line board, provide STM-4 optical
interface
EFT4 IDU 610/IDU 4-port 10M/100M Ethernet transparent transmission
620 board.
EMS6 IDU 620 supports transparent transmission services and

Layer 2 switching services
R2 New Slide
IDU Boards Summary (cont.)

Board Support IDU Type Explain
SCC IDU 610/IDU 620 SCC provides system control and

communication functions
PXC IDU 610/IDU 620 Power Cross-Connection Clock Board

provide power supply, cross, clock function.
FAN IDU 620 FAN board
Thank you
www.huawei.com

Digital Microwave Communication: Principles, Implementation and Product Description

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02/10/17 Security Level:INTERNA

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Microwave TE Optical fiber communication

Limited frequency resources (frequency

Limited transmission capacity

1.5 2.5 GHz

3.3 GHz Long haul 11 GHz

Low frequency f0 (center frequency) High frequency

Channe Adjacent Channel

baseband signal cannot be directly transmitted over microwave radio

Digital baseband signal IF signal

A*COS(Wc*t+) PSK and QAM

15.552 Mbit/s STM-1 155.52 Mbit/s

RFCOH SOH Payload

MLCM DMY XPIC ATPC WS RSC INI ID FA

System Digital microwave Analog

Small and medium Large capacity

All outdoor radio

All outdoor microwave equipment

ODU: RF processing, conversion of IF/RF signals.

IF cable: Transmitting of IF signal, management signal and power supply

IDU: Performs access, dispatch, multiplex/demultiplex, and

modulation/demodulation for services.

Parabolic antenna Cassegrainian antenna

Half-power angle Main lobe Tail lobe

two wrong adjustment cases are

show here. One antenna is aligned

to another antenna through the side

lobe. As a result, the RSSI cannot

meet the requirements.

Wrong Wrong Correct

Suppression ratio of the antenna receiving heteropolarizing waves, usually, larger

Attenuation degree of the receiving capability in a direction of an antenna

IF Frequency Low-noise Bandpass

ODU (2) of Transmitter

Transmit Frequency Spectrum Frame

Working frequency band

Receivers work together with transmitters. The receiving frequency on

Local frequency stability

passband and amplitude frequency characteristics should be properly chosen. The

receiver passband characteristics depend on the IF filter.

Ability of receivers of suppressing the various interferences outside the passband,

interference between transmitted and received signals.

certain range and the IF signal level remains unchanges.

Passive Back-to-back antenna

Regenerator relay station

relay station is used to extend the transmission distance of microwave

Full-distance free space loss:

Passive relay station Passive relay station

1+0 NP Non-protection Terminal of the

1+1 FD Channel protection Inter-

N+1 FD Equipment protection Inter- Large-capacity

Huawei OptiX RTN 600

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

LTE RTN 950

IDU 605 1A:

IDU 605 1B:

IDU 605 2B:

Item IDU 605 IDU 610 IDU 620

1+1 IDU 605

IDU Compare cont.

IF transit jumper IF cable

6G ODU 7~38G ODU

ACOS(Wct+) PSK and QAM