STD VI

MATHEMATICS
INTEGERS

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 A B

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 Room Thermometer

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measure the height under sea
level
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
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 Numbers with - sign are used to
measure temperature.

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 Number Systems
Natural numbers can be denoted as N

Natural
numbers:
1,2,3,4,5,6
..

Natural numbers include:

Odd numbers
Even numbers
Prime numbers
Composite numbers

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Whole Numbers : W
If we include a Zero to the natural numbers we
get whole numbers

Whole numbers
Natural
0
numbers:
1,2,3,4,5,6..

Whole numbers include: Natural numbers

and 0
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 Integers : Z
If we include negative numbers with whole
numbers we get integers
Integers

Whole numbers
-2, Natural
Integers include:
-4, numbers: Negative numbers
-8
0 1,2,3,4,5,6.. Natural numbers
Whole numbers

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 Positive Numbers

Numbers greater than zero are called

positive numbers.

0123456

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 Negative numbers

We need to use a symbol going for

numbers less than zero.
The sign that is used is the placement
of a minus sign attached to the number.
This indicates that numbers with a
negative sign are less than zero.
These are called negative numbers.

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 Negative numbers
Numbers lesser than zero are called
negative numbers

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

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 INTEGERS

The collection of positive numbers,

negative numbers along with zero form
the integers.

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 How to determine an integer?

If you dont see a negative

or positive sign in front of a
number it is a positive
integer.
9 is same as +9

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 Addition of integers with
same sign

If the signs are the same, pretend

the signs arent there. Add the
numbers and then put the sign of
the addends in front of your
answer.
9 + 5 = 14
( -9) + (-5) = -14

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 Some more examples:

-3 + -5 = - 8
4 + 7 = 11
(+3) + (+4) = +7
-6 + -7 = -13
5 + 9 = 14
-9 + -9 = -18

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 One Way to Add Integers Is With a
Number Line

When the number is positive, count

to the right.
When the number is negative, count
to the left.

-6-5-4-3-2-10 1 2 3 4 5 6

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 Adding Integers With a
Number Line

+6 + (-4) =
+2
+
-6-5-4-3-2-10 1 2 3 4 5 6

-
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 +3 + (-7) =-4
+
-6-5-4-3-2-10 1 2 3 4 5 6

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 +4
-3 + (+7) =
-
-6-5-4-3-2-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

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 Integer Subtraction Rule
Subtracting a negative number is
the same as adding a positive.
Change the signs and add.
2 (-7)
is the same as

2 + 7 = 9!
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HALF CIRCLE METHOD

+1 + - = 0
1

+2 + - = -
3 1

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 CHIPS METHOD

+ + - = 0
1 1

+ + - = -
2 3 1

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Here are some more examples.

12 (-8) -3 (-11)

12 + (+8) -3 + (+11)

12 + 8 = 20 -3 + 11 = 8

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