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Change in Fuel
e.g. Use of Low Sulfur Fuel, instead of High Sulfur fuel.
Plant Shutdown
COMMONLY USED METHODS FOR AIR
POLLUTION CONTROL
PARTICULATE
Cyclones
Electrostatic Precipitators
Fabric Filter
Wet Scrubbers
GASES
Adsorption Towers
Thermal Incernation
Catalytic Combustion
SOX CONTROL
GENERAL METHODS FOR CONTROL
OF SO2 EMISSIONS
Change to Low Sulfur Fuel
Natural Gas
Liquefied Natural Gas
Low Sulfur Oil
Low Sulfur Coal
The dry solids are carried out with the gas, and are
collected in fabric filtration unit
achieved.
CARBON MONOXIDE
CONTROL
FORMATION OF CARBON
MONOXIDE
Due to insufficient oxygen
Degree of mixing
Temperature
GENERAL METHODS FOR
CONTROL OF CO EMISSIONS
Control carbon monoxide formation.
Note : CO & NOx control strategies are in conflict.
Stationary Sources
Proper Design
Installation
Operation
Maintenance
Process Industries
Burn in furnaces or waste heat boilers.
CARBON DIOXIDE
CONTROL
SOURCES OF CARBON
DIOXIDE
Human-Related Sources
Combustion of fossil fuels: Coal, Oil, and Natural
Natural Sources
Volcanic eruptions
Ocean-atmosphere exchange
Plant photosynthesis
SOURCES OF CO2
EMISSIONS IN THE U.S.
Worldwide Distribution of
Emissions
Soiling of nuisance
increase cost of building maintenance, cleaning of
furnishings, and households
threshold limit is 200 - 250 micro g / m 3 ( dust )
levels of 400 - 500 micro g / m3 considered as nuisance
GENERAL METHODS FOR
CONTROL OF PARTICULATE
EMISSIONS
Five Basic Types of Dust Collectors :
Centrifugal Collectors
Cyclones
Mechanical centrifugal collectors
Fabric Filters
Baghouses
Fabric collectors
GENERAL METHODS FOR
CONTROL OF PARTICULATE
EMISSIONS (CONTD.)
Electrostatic Precipitators
Tubular
Plate
Wet
Dry
Wet Collectors
Spray towers
Impingement scrubbers
Wet cyclones
Peaked towers
Mobile bed scrubbers
PARTICULATE COLLECTION
MECHANISM
Gravity Settling
Centrifugal Impaction
Inertial Impaction
Direct Interception
Diffusion
Electrostatic Effects
Tubular Dust Collector Arrangement for an
ESP
Overall Collection
Ci inlet concentration
Co outlet concentration
Step 2:
Determine final composition after ESP.
25% - (25% x 0.9) = 2.5%
Step 3:
Determine overall efficiency
hoverall= (initial final)/ initial
= 100% - 2.5%100% = 97.5%