Chapter 21 the 30s

I. Hoover Gets
the Blame
 A) Hoover

Referred to the economic

downturn as a depression
Causes of Great Depression
Complex
 B) Causes

Consumer debt
Decreased demand for industrial
production
Increased unemployment
 C) Blame

Businessmen
Federal government intervention
Federal government failure to intervene
International economic situation
 C) Blame

Much of the blame fell to Herbert Hoover

 D) Efforts

Optimism
Public works
Revenue Act
Calls for cooperation
 D) Efforts

Federal Farm Board

PECE
POUR
National Credit Corporation
Money to state governments for relief
 E) Government

Work relief
Desire to have balanced budget
RFC
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
 E) Government

By 1932:
GNP had dropped more than half
Over 5,000 banks failed
Businesses closed
Evictions
 E) Government

Bonus Army
Wanted early payment of a
bonus promised to them later
Not supported in Congress
 E) Government

Bonus Army
Forcibly evicted from DC
McArthur
Hoover took responsibility
1932 Election

Hoover renominated by Republicans

Franklin Roosevelt nominated by
Democrats
Governor of NY
1932 Election

Traditions or innovations?
FDR avoided explaining his plans
New Deal
FDR wins election by large margin
 II. The New Deal

Congress called into special session

The bank holiday
No exports of gold
Off the gold standard
 A) The New
Deal

The Hundred Days

Brain Trust
Fireside chats
Congress cooperated with FDRs agenda
 A) The New Deal

Relief, recovery, reform

Emergency Banking Act
CCC
PWA
WPA
 A) The New Deal

AAA
NIRA
NRA
NIRA and AAA declared
unconstitutional
 FDIC
TVA
Social Security Act
REA
 A) The New Deal

Opposition from Right

Great expense, debt
Greater government regulation
Not bringing recovery
 A) The New Deal

Opposition from Right

Supreme Court struck down
NIRA, AAA
 A) The New Deal

Opposition from Left

Huey Long
Share Our Wealth
Assassinated 1935
 A) The New Deal
Opposition from Left
Francis Townsend
Pensions for elderly
Charles Coughlin
Social justice
 A) The New Deal
Court-packing plan
Very unpopular
Failed in Congress
Court turned in FDRs direction
anyway
 1936 Election

Republicans had just one viable

candidate
Alf Landon
Governor of KS
Literacy Digest poll
 FDR won every state but ME, VT
 B) Depression

Families suffered
Bread lines
Many applied for relief
Homelessness
 B) Depression

Race
Half of African-Americans
unemployed
Many sharecroppers move to
North, West
 B) Depression

Black Americans begin voting

Democrat in large numbers
Hispanics
 C) The Good Times

Amusements
Gone With the Wind
Hollywood films
Radio
War of the Worlds
 C) The Good Times

Diversions
Kidnapping of the Lindbergh baby
Criminal activities
Amelia Earhart
Other air disasters
 C) The Good Times

Diversions
New York Worlds Fair
World of Tomorrow