It is the art and science that relates

to the diagnosis, treatment and

prognosis of those defects of teeth
which do not requires full coverage
for correction; to the restoration of
proper tooth form, functions, and
aesthetics and maintenance of
physiological integrity of the teeth in
harmonious relationship with the
adjacent hard and soft tissues; all to
enhance the general health and
welfare of the patient.
 CARIES

MALFORMED, DISCOLORED, FRACTURED

TEETH

REPLACEMENT NEEDS
 Thorough examination of the
affected tooth and the oral and
systemic health of the patient.

Diagnosis of the problem that

recognizes the interaction of the
affected area with other bodily
tissues.
 Treatment plan that has the potential to
return the affected area to a state of
health and function

Understanding of the material to be used

Understanding of the oral environment

into which the restoration will be placed

Biological knowledge necessary to make

the previously mentioned determination
 Understanding of the biological basis
and function of various tooth
components and supporting tissues

Appreciation for a knowledge of

correct dental anatomy

Effect of the operative procedure on

the treatment of other disciplines
 What's the difference between "baby"
teeth and permanent teeth?
At between six and ten months of age,
most infants begin to get their "baby"
teeth.

The Central Incisors (front middle teeth)

usually come in first, and then teeth
begin appearing on either side and work
their way back to the second molars.
By the time a child has reached three
years old, most of the "baby" teeth
should be present.
The process begins to repeat itself
when the child is about seven years
old.
The Central Incisors fall out first and
are replaced by permanent teeth.
By the age of 21, most people have all
of their permanent teeth.
 "Baby" teeth are important because
they hold the place for permanent teeth
and help guide them into correct
position. "Baby" teeth play an
important role in the development of
speech and chewing.
 Your teeth look different from one
another because they are designed to
do different things.
 Incisors

The are the teeth in the very front

They'rethe sharpest teeth built to cut

food and shaped to shovel the food
inward.
 Canine

teeth
are in the corners of your
mouth.

meant for grasping and tearing food,

they have very long roots.
 Premolars

arelocated just behind your Canine

teeth.

have a more flat chewing surface

because they're meant for crushing
food.
 Molars

are the last teeth towards the back of

your mouth.

Molars are much bigger than the

Premolars and have bigger, flatter
chewing surfaces because their job is to
chew and grind the food into smaller
pieces.
The crown is what you see when you
smile or open your mouth. It's the part
that sits above your gum line.

The root is below the gum line.

It makes up about 2/3rds of the tooth's
total length.
Enamel
outer covering of the tooth

1. Enamel Tufts
are hypo-mineralized structures
that project between adjacent
groups of enamel rods from DEJ.
May play a role in the spread of
caries.
2.Enamel Spindles
are the thickened ends of
odontoblastic processes which
sometimes cross the DEJ into the
enamel.
It serve as pain receptors.
3. Enamel Lamellae
are thin, leaf like faults between
enamel rod groups that extend
from the enamel surface toward
the DEJ, sometimes extending
into the dentin. Mostly contains
organic materials.
4. DEJ (Dento Enamel Junction)

is scalloped or wavy in outline

with the crest of the waves
penetrating toward the
enamel
5. Nasmyths Membrane
covers the newly erupted tooth
and in sworn away by mastication
and cleaning.
The membrane is replaced by an
organic deposit called PELLICLE
which is a precipitate of salivary
proteins.
 Dentin

serve as shock absorber of the

tooth

1.Primary Dentin is that dentin

formed before and shortly after
eruption.
2. Secondary dentin is a
continuation of primary dentin
that forms at a lower rate as the
tooth ages physiologically.
3. Reparative or Tertiary Dentin

is formed by replacement or
secondary odontoblasts in
response to Irritation caused by
attrition, abrasion, erosion,
trauma, some operative procedures
and other irritants.
It is a defense reaction to an area
of injury
4. Sclerotic or transparent or
peritubullar dentin

result from aging or mild

irritation and can cause change in
the composition of primary
dentin. Commonly seen
under old restoration
and maybe discoloured
 Cementum

is a light yellow and slightly

lighter than dentin. It has the
highest content of fluoride of
all mineralized tissues
 Pulp
Is a specialized connective
tissue that occupies the pulp
cavity in the tooth

FUNCTIONS
Formative / developmental
Nutritive
Sensory
Denfensive
 Mastication
Aesthetics
Speech
Protection of the Supporting
Tissue
 Facial
Lingual
Incisal and Occlusal
Gingival
 Gingival Unit
Free Gingiva
Attached Gingiva
Alveolar Mucosa
Attachment Apparatus
Cementum
Periodontal Ligaments
alveolar process