KETRAMPILAN KERJASAMA

dan ORGANISASI STT

NF
Yessy Nur Handayani, SKM, M.Si
 LEARNING OBJECTIVE
COMMUNICATING for
EFFECTIVENESS
Describe the communication process.
Discuss how to choose the appropriate communication
medium.
Explain how perception, inferences, language, and status
can lead to communication breakdown.
Identify eight ways to overcome barriers to communication
and achieve effective communication.
Outline the four steps in the communication process.
Describe the importance of using language in effective
communication.
Discuss ten guidelines for developing effective listening
habits.
Identify four ways for improving writing skills.
Explain the four parts of PLAN (purpose, logistics, audience,
nonverbal communication) for improving speaking skills.
Discuss gender differences in communication style.
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Describe technologys impact on communication. 2
CHARACTER BUILDING
 the COMMUNICATION
PROCESS
Communication is the process of
transmitting meanings from sender to
receiver
Encoding is translating a message into an
intelligible code
Decoding is interpretation of the
message by the receiver

The sender thinks through the ideas to

be communicated
The sender translates these ideas into
some codeCYBER CAMPUS | INNOVATION
or symbol 3
CHARACTER BUILDING
 the COMMUNICATION
PROCESS

Message is Message is Message is received

thought through transmitted via a AND
AND particular medium decoded and interpreted
put into words and/or
symbols

Encoding Process Transmission Decoding Process

(Sender) (Channel) (Receiver)

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4
CHARACTER BUILDING
The ROLE of COMMUNICATION
in the LEADERSHIP PROCESS

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CHARACTER BUILDING
 MODELS of COMMUNICATIONS

Transmission Model
Language, technologies, and other media are simply devices or
channels for telling somebody something.
The transfer of information from one person (active transmitter) to
another (passive receiver).
Exchange Model
Exchanging information with subordinates, asking them for ideas
and constructive criticism, and having conversations about strategy.
Both parties actively transmit and receive knowledge of value to
the other party.

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CHARACTER BUILDING
LEADERSHIP
COMMUNICATIONS STYLES

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CHARACTER BUILDING
 the ASSOCIATION of
MOODS
with COLOR
Mood Color
Exciting, stimulating Red
Secure, comfortable Blue
Distressed, disturbed, Orange
upset Blue
Tender, soothing Red
Protective, defending Blue
Calm, peaceful, serene Purple
Dignified, stately

Information Richness is the potential

information-carrying capacity of data
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8
CHARACTER BUILDING
 BARRIERS to
COMMUNICATION
1. Perception a persons view of reality
2. Inference an assumption made by the
receiver of a message
3. Language
4. Status a persons relative rank

Steps in the Communication Process

1. Attention the overcoming of message competition
2. Understanding involves comprehension of the
message
3. Acceptance means compliance
4. Action requires that the receiver do what was
expected
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9
CHARACTER BUILDING
 BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION

Serial Communication
Loss of (or change in) meaning as messages pass along and through the
chain of communicators (transmitters and receivers).
Status Differences
Differences between the interests of managers and employees, the
formality of the relationship, and competition between managers.
Social Conformity
The pressure of groupthinkthe tendency to support the opinion of the
group even when that opinion appears to contradict reality or rationality
Spatial Distance
Problems that arise from the constraints of physical locality in which the
distance between people determines the form, number, and effect of
communications.
Defensiveness
A self-protection mechanism in which the listeners responses to the
speakers statements are based on what the listener perceives the
speaker expects to or prefers to hear as a response.
Cultural Differences
Cultures have differential preferences for ambiguity and precision in
language, making it important for leaders to try to understand why
people say whatCYBER CAMPUS | INNOVATION
they say.
CHARACTER BUILDING
 Some COMMUNICATION
DIFFERENCES Between Man &
Woman
Linguistic Characteristic Men Women

Asking questions Not very likely to do so More likely to do so than

men

Giving feedback Tend to be blunt and Tend to be tactful and to

direct temper criticism with
praise
Offering compliments Restrictive with their Fairly generous with their
praise praise

Showing confidence Not very likely to indicate More likely to indicate

when they are unsure uncertainty about an
about something issue

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11
CHARACTER BUILDING
 Some COMMUNICATION
DIFFERENCES Between Man &
Woman
Linguistic Men
Characteristic
Making apologies Tend to avoid saying they
are sorry because it makes
them look bad
Taking credit More likely to take credit for
achievements (I did that
Use of indirectness More likely to be indirect when
admitting they do not know
something or admitting that they
made a mistake (This report
was late rather than I was late
submitting the report)
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CHARACTER BUILDING
Women
More likely to say Im
sorry when they make a
mistake
More likely to share credit
(we did that
More likely to be indirect
when telling others
something that needs to be
done (This is what needs to
be done rather than This is
what I want you to do)
12
 STEPS to EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATIONS

Read the situation

Engage attention
Make the meaning clear
Paint the background
Fill in the picture
Bring your story to life
Look for clues
Check understanding
Say whats on your mind

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CHARACTER BUILDING
 STEPS to EFFECTIVE LISTENING

Listen with an open

mind
Get behind the
words
Feed back the
highlights to
maintain mutual
understanding
Get to the heart of
things
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Stay on track
CHARACTER BUILDING
 EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATIONAL
COMMUNICATIONS

Managers must be committed to the

importance of communication.
Communication should be two-way whenever
possible.
Communication should be face-to-face
whenever possible.
Messages should be structured to meet the
needs of the audience.
Technology should be used to speed up
communication.
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CHARACTER BUILDING
 BENEFIT of COMMUNICATIONS

It enables the sharing of feelings

and ideas.
It enables the sharing of
information.
It correlates with subordinate
satisfaction.
It correlates with productivity
and customer service.
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It enables leaders to persuade
CHARACTER BUILDING
COMMUNICATION WHEEL
STRUCTURE

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CHARACTER BUILDING