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CHEMISTRY
ATMOSPHERE
Altitude (miles)
Mesosphere 45
70 layer we live in;
60 mostly N and O;
35
50
weather; colder as
Stratosphere you go up
40 25
30
Stratosphere: has the
Ozone layer 15 ozone layer; warmer
20
Heating from the earth as you go up
10 Troposphere
5
Environmental science
Pressure = 1,000
0
(Sea 80 40 0 40 80 120 millibars focuses
at mostly on
Level) Temperature (C) ground level
those two layers
ATMOSPHERE
Stratospheric ozone absorbs 95%
of UV radiation
3O2 + UV 2 O3
Tropospheric ozone is harmful to
plants, animals, and humans.
Tropospheric ozone is made when air
pollutants undergo chemical
reactions because of UV exposure.
ATMOSPHERE
The oxygen atom generated from the
initial reaction reacts with
atmospheric, diatomic oxygen, to
form ozone.
This polluting ozone of the
O O2 O3
lithosphere, traps heat and
contributes to thermal inversion.
Smog
SO3 H 2O H 2 SO4
2 NO2 H 2O HNO3 HNO2
Wind
Transformation to
sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
and nitric acid (HNO3) Windborne ammonia gas
and particles of cultivated soil
partially neutralize acids and Wet acid deposition
form dry sulfate and nitrate salts (droplets of H2SO4 and
HNO3 dissolved in rain
Nitric oxide (NO) Dry acid
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and snow)
deposition
and NO (sulfur dioxide
gas and particles
Acid fog of sulfate and
nitrate salts)
Farm
Ocean Lakes in shallow
Lakes in soil low in
deep soil limestone
high in limestone become
are buffered acidic
Z
Y
Farm
Ocean
Z
Y
Farm
Ocean
Z
Dry acid
deposition
Farm
Ocean
Y
Farm
Ocean
PRECIPITATION!
Temperature Inversion
Warmer air
Increasing altitude
Inversion layer
Cool layer
Mountain Mountain
Valley
Decreasing temperature
Inversion layer
Sea breeze
Mountain
range
Decreasing temperature
Q A H P U T
C X Y I L R
D A R P A
S X N T D