TENSES

Tenses ?
Can we find it in our own language?
1. Tom main bola setiap
minggu.
Tom plays football every
week.
2. Ron sedang bemain bola sekarang.
Ron is playing football now.
3. Eri telah bermain bola.
Eri has played football.
4. Jono bermain bola kemaren.
Jono played football
yesterday.
 TENSES
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

Simple Past Tense Simple Present Simple Future

Tense Tense
Past Progressive
Tense Present Future Progressive
Progressive Tense Tense

Past Perfect Tense Present Perfect Future Perfect

Tense Tense
Past Perfect
Progressive Tense Present Perfect Future Perfect
Progressive Tense Progressive Tense
 Simple Present Tense
Past time future time

1. They study English Every day.

2. The sun sets in the west.
 Simple Present Tense
a.Habitual
Agnes reads the Holy
Koran every day.
Christian does not read the Holy Koran
every day.
Does Fitri read the Holy
Koran every day?

b. Factual

The sun rises in the

east.
The sun does not rise in the
west.
 Present Continuous Tense

past time future time

They are studying English

now.
 Present Continuous Tense

Subjec am/is/a verb- object adverb

t re ing of time

They are studyi Englis now.

ng h
 Present Perfect Tense

past time future time

They have already studied

English.
 Present Perfect Tense

Subject have/ha verb-3 object duratio

s n of
time

They have studie Englis for 2

d h hours.
Present Perfect Continuous
Tense
past time future time

2 hours

They have been studying English

for 2 hours.
 Present Perfect Continuous
Tense

Subjec have/h been verb- object durati

t as ing on of
time

They have been studyin English for 2

g hours.
 Simple Past Tense

past time future time

They studied English

yesterday.
 Past Tense

Subject verb-2 object adverb of

time

They studied English yesterda

y.
 Past Continuous Tense

Past time future time

They were studying when I

came yesterday.
 Past Continuous Tense

Subject was/wer verb-ing object adverb

e of time

when
They were studyi Englis I came
ng h yester-
day.
 Past Perfect Tense

Past time
Englis future time
Studi

slep
ed

They had studied English

before they slept.
 Past Perfect Tense

Subject had verb-3 object adverb

of time

before
They had studie Englis they
d h slept
last
night.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
past time future time

came
Studie

Englis
d

2
hours

They had been studying English

for 2 hours
when I came.
 Past Perfect Continuous
Tense

Subje had been verb- objec durati adver

ct ing t on of b of
time time

when
They had been studyin
Englis for I
g h 2 came
hours yester
-day.
 Simple Future Tense

past time future time

They will study English

tomorrow .
 Future Tense

Subject will verb-1 object adverb

of time

They will study Englis next

h week.
 Future Continuous Tense

past time future time

They will be studying English

when I come.
 Future Continuous Tense

Subjec will be verb- object adver

t ing b of
time

when
I come
They will be studyin English at
g seven
oclock
tonight.
 Future Perfect Tense
past time future time

English
Study

arriv
e
They will have studied
when I arrive.
 Future Perfect Tense

Subjec will have verb-3 object adver

t b of
time

when
I come
They will have studied English at
seven
oclock
tonight.
Future Perfect Continuous
Tense
past time future time

English
Study

arrive
2
hours

They will have been studying

English for 2 hours
 Future Perfect Continuous
Tense

Subje will have been verb- objec durati adver

ct ing t on of b of
time time

by
the
They will have been studyin Englis for 2 time
g h hours I
arrive
at
seven
tonigh
t.
 2. Kivlan is studying
English now.
4. Roni has been studying English
for 2 hours. Present Perfect
Present Continuous Continuous

- Similarity
Both of them are
studying English.

- Difference
We dont know when
We know when Roni
Kivlan started
started studying. (2
studying.
hours ago)
3. Alid has studied English.
5. Deni studied English last night.

Present Perfect Tense Past Tense

Similarity
Both activities have
happened.

Difference
We dont know when
We know when Deni
Alid studied English.
studied English.
3. Nino has studied English for 2 hours.
4. Noni has been studying English for 2 hours.
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Tense Continuous

Similarity
Both activities started
at the same time in
the past.

Difference
At this time, Noni is
At this time, Nino is
still studying English.
not studying English.
6. Dito was studying English when I came
yesterday.
8. Doti had been studying English for 2 hours when I came
yesterday
Past Perfect
Past Continuous Continuous

Similarity
Both were studying
English in certain time
in the past.

Difference
We dont know when We know when Doti
started studying English.
Dito started studying
(2 hours before I came)
English.
7. They had studied English before they slept yesterday.
8. Doti had been studying English for 2 hours when I came yesterday.

Past Perfect
Past Perfect Tense Continuous

Similarity
Both expres 2
activities in the past.

Difference
Activity 1 was done Activity 1 was still in
completely then progress (after 2 hours)
activity 2 happened. when activity happened.
10. Toni will be studying English when I come at. 7 tonight.
12. Tino will have been studying English for 2 hours by the time I
come at 7 tonight.

Future Perfect
Future Continuous Continuous

Similarity
Both expres 2 activities
happen in the future.
Activity 1 is till progress
when activity 2 happens.

Difference
We dont know when We know when the
activity 1 starts. activity 1 starts.
11. They will have studied English when I arrive at 7 tonight.

12. They will have been studying English for 2 hours by the time I
arrive at 7 tonight.
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Tense Continuous

Similarity
Both express 2 activities
happen in the future.

Difference Activity 1 is till progress

Activity 1 finishes when when activity 2 happens.
activity 2 happens. We We know when activity 1
dont know when will start. (2 hours before
activity 1 will start. at 7 oclock)
2. A is writing a novel now.
6. B was writing an article when I came yesterday.
8. C will be writing thesis when I come at 7 tonight.

Present Past
Continuous Continuous

Similarity
The sentences
above that the
mains activity
are in progress.

Difference
In progress at this
In progress in
moment the past