Concentration

&
Dilutions
 Concentration of Solutions
Concentration: amount of solute
dissolved in given quantity of solvent
or quantity of solution
Most
concentrat
Least Most ed
concentrat concentrat
ed ed

Least
concentrat
ed
Way to measure the concentration of a
Molarity
solution
(M)
Number of moles of solute in a liter of
solution

moles solute
volume of soln
Molarity
= (L)

mol
M
= V
 Practice!
Calculate the molarity of a solution made
by dissolving 23.4g of sodium sulfate in
enough water to form 125mL of solution.

23.5g 1 mol
Na2SO4 Na2SO4 = 0.165mol 0.165m
142g Na2SO4
mol M
ol
Na2SO4
M
= V = = 0.125 L
125 mL 1L 1.32 mol/L
= 0.125mol
1000mL Na2SO4 1.32M
molar

Converting between molarity, moles
& volume

mol
M
= V
 APractice!
solution of HNO3 has a concentration of
0.200M; how many moles does a 2.0L
solution contain?
1 3
2
mol mol mol
M
= V
0.200M
= 2.0 L
2.0L0.200M
=
(
2.0 L )
2.0L

4 5

mol
2.0L0.200M
=
(
2.0 L )
2.0L =
0.400mol
 Making Solutions
Mass appropriate amount of solute
Add to container (volumetric flask,
beaker, Erlenmeyer flask etc)
Add water, swirl to dissolve
Continue to add water until required
volume of solution reached
 Dilution
Process of making a lower concentration
solution from a higher concentrated
solution.

HOW???
Add WATER
Dilution
 mol
M
= V
**Since youre not changing the amount
Dilution solute:**
of

Mol of solute before dilution = mol of

solute after dilution

M1V1 =M2V2
 Practice!
How many milliliters of 3.0M H2SO4 are
needed to make 450mL of 0.10 M H2SO4?

M1V1 =M2V2 (3.0M)V1 =(0.10M)

(450mL)
(3.0M)V1 =(0.10M) (3.0M)V1 =(0.10M)
(3.0M
(450mL) (3.0 (3.0M
(450mL) (3.0M
) M) = ) )
15mL