06

1954

1954
1958 7 26
 1973 IMO

1973
MARPOL73
MARPOL73 20


I


V
IMO 1978 2
TSPP
1974 197
8 1973
1978 1973

78
1973
1978 1973
1978
1978 1973
73 78
MARPOL73 78
1997 9 15 26 IMO
MARPOL73 78 M
ARPOL73 78

IMO MEPC 27 1989
3
1997
9 MEPC 40 A 868 20

2004 2
13 IMO ,
2004

 2 MARPOL73 78

I MARPOL73 78
1983 10 2 26



1.
1

2
3


4
 5




1987 1989 4 1
1990 1992 3 17
1997 , 1999
2 1

Celtic Sea

 6
L h n mile
h L n mile
7




8

I
 2
I

1
1992
1993 7 6


50 n mile

30 L n mile
1
30 000

 2
1992 MARPOL73 78 Res MEPC
51 32
1
2 3
4 5
15ppm 6


1
2 3
4 15ppm
5
6 15ppm

 3
1992 32 16

1 400 10 000

15ppm
2 10 000
1
5ppm
3



4 400



1987 4
6 1983 7 1
14 5 I

V

 1.
1


2 37.8 2.8k
pa
3
A B C D
4


1992 1994 7
1


 2.




A
B C D
A
B
C
D

 3.





1 7 kn
4 kn
2

3 12 n mile 25 m


A

0.01 0.1
5

B
1ppm
1m3
1 3 000
C 10 ppm

3 m3 1 1 000
D 1
10
 1
2 3

A
0.005 0.05
5
B 1 ppm
C 10ppm
l m3
1 3 000

D 1
10


1992 7 1
1994 9 3
1992 10 30
1994 2 28





 1.
1

2 IMDG

3


2.


3.
1

2
3

 4.



5. 1994 11
1996 3 3








2003 9 27


1.

1



2 3 3


1

2

3
4
400
400 15
5

 2.


T
he International Sewage Pollution Preventi
on Certificate ISPP
5
3. 2000 3 4
4 MEPC88 44



 1 3 n mile
12 n mil
e

4 kn
IMO

2
IMO
ISPP


4.



 V
V 1988 12 31
1988 11 21 V
1.
1

MARPOL7
3 78
2



198
9 1990
1991

 2. 2002 .10 .5
2002 .3 .1

1


2
25 n mile
3

12 n mile
3 n mile 12 n mile

25 mm

1





2 12 n mile

25 mm
3 n mile

 3.



4.
1995 9 IMO MEPC.65 37
MARPOL73 78 V
9 1997
7 1
1998 7 1

 1 12 m


2 400
15 IMO
Garbage Manag
ement Plan
V
Garbage Record Boo
k
3



 4









2


2


2005 5 19


1.
1
NOx (SOx
VOCs

2

3 SOx SOx
SOx

 2.

1



97

2 2020 1 1
HCFCs


 NOx
1 2000 1 1
130k
W
n 130 r min NOx 17.0g
KW.h
n 130 r min 2 000 r
min NOx 45.0 n 0 2 g kW.h

n 2 000 r min NOx
9.8g kW.h
2

 SOx
SOx

1 4.5

2 SOx

1.5

SOx 6.0g kW.h


3 SOx

1.5


I

PCBs
V


 2004
2004 2 13
IMO MEPC 27
1989 3

1997 9 MEPC 40
A 868 20

2004 2
13 IMO ,
2004



D1
D2
2009
D2 2016
D2


D2

 200
200

,
50 200

D1
1
95%
2


 D2
1
10 50 10 /
50 10 /
2

100 1cfu ;
100 250cfu ;
100 100cfu ;
 3
2 2


3
;
;

;





1982 8 2
3 1983
3 1






19
99 12 25 2000 4
1









 98


































 2.

(1)




(2)
(3)


(4)

 (5)




(6)






 3



(1)



2
100
(2)







 (3)

30
30




(4)




1982
47


1983
12 29
73 78

12 56