ID# 11010 Submitted to : Dr Majid Sabir QUSIT Peshawar What is principle? The Cambridge Dictionary defines Principle as: A basic idea or rule that explains or controls how something happens or works.
* a rule or code of conduct
Test Construction Constructing test is not an easy job. It requires expertise in the subject. Constructing test is an important part of assessing students understanding of course content and their level of competency in applying what they are learning. Principles of Test Construction A good test should be based upon these principles: Proper steps of test construction should be followed. Designed in such way that it measure all instructional objectives. Cover all learning tasks The Primary Purpose of Assessment is to Improve Student Learning According to the level of all students Pretest and Post Test A measurement of the learning received during the class as a result of comparing what the student knew before in a pre-test and after the class experience in a post- test. Reasons for using a pre- test: To measure a starting point or the amount of pre-existing knowledge on the course topic To allow students to test out of course with a 100% correct score To inform the instructor about topics that are/are not needed to cover in the course based on students previous knowledge To indicate to the student the learning level of the course topic Reasons for using a post- test: To measure the learning as a result of the course experience To analyze the appropriateness of the learning objectives To recognize students who need additional help To target any instructional needs to improve the course Other principles Some people are of the view that the following characteristics also provide the basis for testing. Validity Reliability Feasibility Test construction principles These steps should be followed while designing a test: Pre-planning for the test Planning the test Preparing test design according to need and subject Preparing the table of specification Compose the test items Preparing marking scheme pre-planning Plan for the test in advance when you come to classroom on the first day. Make an item bank and keep questions there. Arrange the items in proper order i.e. content / objective Then sample the items according to test blueprint Planning the test Determining the objectives of the test Determine the maximum marks allotted to test abd each question/section Decide on maximum marks Test design While making a test, decide that how much weight should be given to these factors Objectives Course content/units Question type/format Difficulty level Table of specification Content: Objectives: Total (Level of Bloom taxonomy) Knowledge Comprehension Application
Chap.1 10 5 1 16 (32%)
Chap. 2 10 5 1 16 (32%)
Chap. 3 12 5 1 18 (36%)
Total 32 (64%) 15 (30%) 3 (6%) 50 (100%)
Preparation of scoring key Marks distribution criteria: Content = ? Understanding = ? New ideas = ? Logical representation and organization = ? Marks deduction Irrelevant material = ? Grammatical and spelling mistakes = ? References EFFECTIVE TEST ADMINISTRATION IN SCHOOLS. (n.d.). Retrieved 02 03, 2017, from University of Guelph hosted OJS journals: https://journal.lib.uoguelph.ca/index.php/ajote/article/dow nload/1589/2193 Pre-and Post- Testing. (n.d.). Retrieved 02 03, 2017, from Boston University Medical Campus: www.bumc.bu.edu/fd/files/PDF/Pre-andPost-Tests.pdf Principlesand Indicators for Student Assessment Systems. (n.d.). Retrieved 02 04, 2017, from http://www.fairtest.org/principles-and-indicators-student- assessment-syste PRINCIPLES OF TEST CREATION. (2003). Brigham Young University. COMMENTS ???? THANK YOU