Sine Sweep Vibration

Testing Primer
Eric Sauther
OPT521 Optomechanics Fall 2013
Why do we do a Sine Sweep
Vibration Test?
Part Responses to a Sine Wave Input are important to
characterize a part/assembly for several reasons:
Characterize Model Response
Endurance Limits of Part(s)
Actual characterized response under test, instead of
Calculated
Characterize response of Test Equipment so it can be backed
out of the performance data
General Investigation. If we dont understand how a part will
perform, or life of the part (related to Endurance) we can
characterize it. A more well Known Phrase would be
Destructive Testing
What is Sine Sweep Vibration?
Wikipedia describes vibration as a Oscillatory motion about an
equilibrium point.
For a Sine Sweep Vibration it is a movement back in forth usually
in one DOF. The movement is in a controlled oscillatory motion
that can be defined as a sinusoidal function.
The Sine Wave Amplitude, and rate at which you wish to Sweep
through the range of frequencies of interest are programmed
inputs into the Vibration Table youll be using for testing.

 A Sine Sweep Signal Input
Typical Sine Sweep is a
Types of Sine Sweeps linear input

The Sinusoidal Signal input can be customized:

Y(t)=Sin{2}}

Non-Linear Sine frequency Change inputs are used if you
want to spend less time testing at a certain frequency or
range of frequencies for pragmatic reasons
 A Sine Sweep Signal Input
For a test engineer the parameters for a Sine Sweep
input are already provided to you by an Analyst or exists
as an industry standard input profile. Some materials,
Parts, and Environments have been already well
characterized
It is Relevant to have an understanding that
Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration are related
due to first Order Harmonic Oscillation in a Single DOF
 Sine Sweep Signal Input

In a single DOF we can derive the relationships to find our

test parameters for Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration
at any given frequency input.

) Velocity= *

Acceleration=Displacement ( Displacement=k*
 Sine Sweep Signal Input

Displacement, Velocity, Help define your input signal normally

shown as Acceleration
Sine Sweep Signal Response from
Force Input
As weve investigated through SolidWorks in HW 8 for
class we found that there is a complex motion response
of a part in all Degrees of freedom with a directed input
at a coordinate axes.
Sine Sweep Signal Response
Calculated Response
(Transmissibility) Relative to
Q factor Sine Sweep Signal Response

Digging further we know that Part under test will have a

response through a range of frequencies through the
Transmissibility relationship
 Sine Sweep Signal Input (Actual)

Dwell Area
tio f
le g o
n
ce in
ra
Ac mp

Previously we showed the way the Ramping of acceleration is

MAX G Allowed determined.
Ra

The area of inspection for the expected response about

resonance is found In the Dwell area
 Sine Sweep Signal Response
Test Response of Two metal
bars at different Lengths

Knowing this we can set a pre-determined Sine Sweep signal

Response at Input to the part under test.
Resonance We Plateau the area of interest in order to better further
investigate the response area, and to have a Factor of Safety
for the Acceleration input.

LET US NOT BREAK OUR PART

Sine Sweep Product Response
Vibration Test Set-Slip
One Example of Vibration table
Table
offering a Single DOF vibration
Axis
 Vibration Test Set-Slip Table
Things to note in Table
Example of a Slip Table setup

Control accel should be on the farthest edge of the table and

as close as possible to the product.
Multiple Control Accels can be used and Averaged.
Accel should be Tri-axial in configuration
Table should already be characterized with support fixture
 Vibration Test Set-Control Accel

Software by Unholtz-
Dickie Corporation
VWINIIVibrationControl&
AnalysisSystem

Warning Limits Abort Limits

+/- 30% of Expected Response +/- 40% of Expected Response
Vibration Test Set-Control Accel
VibrationTest Set-Measurement
Accels
Parameters for
individual Accel
performance
VibrationTest Set-Measurement
Accels
 Additional Homework
The audience should take note that this is the simplest
of vibration tests. It is worth your energy to dig further
in and understand how other tests are performed and
why.
One in particular is called Random Testing. This is more
representative of what the product will see In the real
environment.
 References
1. Kevin Napolitano, and Daniel Linehan [Multiple Sine Sweep Excitation for Ground Vibration Tests],

Proceedings of the IMAC-XXVII Society for Experimental Mechanics Inc, February 9-12, (2009).
2. Connection Technology Center Learn Basic Vibration Monitoring with CTCs Vibration University, <

https://www.ctconline.com/__ctc_university.aspx?one=1 > (2012).

3. Dr. Paul Ibanez ANCO Engineers, Inc., "An Introduction to Shake Tables for Seismic Testing of Equipment
And Glossary of Vibration Terminology," ancoengineers.com, October 1st,(2008).

4. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/2274/11/11_chapter%203.pdf , ch.3 Page 54

5. Unholtz-Dickie Corporation, Fixture Design Notes
6. Unholtz-Dickie Corporation, VWIN II / VWIN XL / VWIN VIBRATION CONTROLLER OPERATING MANUAL
7. Tom Irvine, http://www.vibrationdata.com/tutorials.htm
Auxiliary Slides
 Table 1 Sine Sweep Rate Parameters

Auxiliary Slides-Sine Sweep

Equations

Linear Sine Sweep input Y(t)=Sin{2}}

Sweep Rate in terms of Octaves

Number of Octaves (cycles) in the

Number of Octaves (cycles) in the
Frequency Range to be swept
Frequency Range to be swept
 Auxiliary Plot Units/Slope

Simply an Octave is a doubling of the Frequency limits (think

musical instruments).
Auxiliary Plot Response Example
-Acceleration
Auxiliary Plot Response Example-
Dislacement
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/105101004/
downloads/04%20Chapter.pdf