Roman History

Jeidi, Jon and Olaia

1-THE ORIGIN OF ROME
Rhea and Mars had twin sons and named them Romulus
and Remus. Some of the other gods were jealous of Mars
and Rhea, and plotted to kill Romulus and Remus.
Rhea needed to protect the boys so she put them in a
basket and set it floating down the river. They were found
by a female wolf who decided to raise them.
They decided to build a city and rule it as its king. They
had a contest to see who would be the top king. When it
appeared that Remus was going to win the contest,
Romulus got so angry that he killed Remus with a rock
and became the first king of Rome.
This is an important story since the city was started by
the son of a god.
 2-ETRUSCAN KING

Lucius Tarquinius Priscus.

Servius Tullius.

Lucius Tarquinius Superbus.

 3-THE REPUBLIC
Senators- The Senate was a group of prestigious leaders who
advised the consuls. The consuls usually did what the Senate
recommended. Senators were selected for life.
Plebeian Council- The Plebeian Council was also called the
Peoples Assembly. This was how the common people, plebeians,
could elect their own leaders, magistrates, pass laws, and hold
court.
Punic Wars- The three Punic Wars between Carthage and Rome
took place over nearly a century, beginning in 264 B.C. The First
Punic War broke out in 264 B.C. when Rome interfered in a
dispute on the Carthaginian-controlled island of Sicily; the war
ended with Rome in control of both Sicily and Corsica and
marked the empires emergence as a naval as well as a land
power. In the Second Punic War, the great Carthaginian general
Hannibal invaded Italy and scored great victories at Lake
Trasimene and Cannae before his eventual defeat at the hands
of Romes Scipio Africanus in 202 B.C. left Rome in control of the
western Mediterranean and much of Spain. In the Third Punic
War, the Romans, led by Scipio the Younger, captured and
destroyed the city of Carthage in 146 B.C., turning Africa into
Roman Military - Roman Empire owed much of its grandeur to the
highly professional and disciplined Roman military. Roman military
played the central role in the expansion of the empire.

From its early days of a non professional unsalaried militia to the

republic and imperial era professional and salaried army, Roman
military was the single biggest force that carved the final shape of the
empire.
The First Triumvirate- is a term historians use for an informal
political alliance between three prominent men of the late Roman
Republic: Julius Caesar, Pompey the Great, and Marcus Licinius
Crassus.
Julius Caesar was a prominent popularis (singular of populares)
politician. Pompey was considered the greatest military commander
of his time. This gave him great prestige and popularity. Crassus was
a property speculator, the largest landlord and the richest man in
Rome. Pompey and Crassus had extensive patronagenetworks.
 4-THE ROMAN EMPIRE
Name: Octavian/Caesar Augustus
Occupation: First emperor of the
Roman Empire after Julius Caesar
died.
Born: 23 September 63 BC
Rome,Roman Republic
Died: 19 August AD 14 Nola,Italia
Reign: 40 years
Best know for: The country was
peaceful under Augustus's rule.
Name: Trajan
Occupation: Emperor of Rome
Born: September 18, 53 AD in Italica,
Hispania Died: August 8, 117 AD in
Selinus, Cilicia
Reign: 19 years
Best known for: Considered one of
Rome's greatest emperors
5-DECLINE AND DISINTEGRATION
After a brief period of peace known as the Pax Romana, which
lasted about 200 years, Rome fell into a long slow period of
decline.
The Romans referred to people groups outside the Roman Empire
as barbarians. The barbarians had different cultures than the
Romans.

The "fall" of Rome discussed here is referring to the Western

Roman Empire which was ruled by Rome. The Eastern Roman
Empire became known as the Byzantium Empire and remained in
power for another
The Germanic 1000 years.
barbarian tribe called the Visigoths invaded the city.
They looted the treasures, killed and enslaved many Romans, and
destroyed many buildings. This was the first time in 800 years that
the city of Rome had been sacked.
 In 476 AD, a Germanic barbarian by the name of Odoacer took
control of Rome. He became king of Italy and forced the last
emperor of Rome, Romulus Augustulus, to give up his crown.

With the fall of Rome, many changes occurred throughout

Europe. Rome had provided a strong government, education,
and culture. Now much of Europe fell into barbarianism. The next
500 years would be known as the Dark Ages of Europe.
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