ME 362

Mechanical Engineering
Design
Part 5.1

Muhammad Ilyas
 Todays topics

QFD

PDS

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 QFD

QFD Example of a gas oven

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 CRs for gas oven

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 ECs for gas oven

Excel
sheet

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 Conclusions: QFD Gas oven
Rotary mechanism Motor rpm
Proper Design / Selection Temperature gauge and
of burner timer
position of burner Door designing
number of burners
type of burner (flame or
induction heating)
Cost of manufacture
Inner case design
Selection of a better
material

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 Results of HOQ

ECs : ranked based on

their score
Highest ranking ECs :
either constraint or
design variable Criteria for
Used as decision making judgment of
alternate designs
criteria
Constraint

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Product Design Specification (PDS)

Remember?
We talked about the Product Design Specification in
previous lectures

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Product Design Specification (PDS)
A detailed listing of product requirements
Designed product will comply with this listing
Basic control and reference document : design /
manufacturing
Contains : facts and constraints related to the outcome
of product development

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Product Design Specification (PDS)

Creating PDS finalizes:

Establishing the customer e.g. customer needs for a
needs and wants bicycle:
Prioritizing these o light in weight
requirements o strong frame
Beginning to cast them into a o low cost
technical framework o easy maintenance
Establishing of design concepts o no gear requirements
(plain roads)
o

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Major Features of PDS
Before going into details of PDS let us see a product and try
to answer some questions?
What is this product?
How will it work?
Does the company have resources for its production?
Which are the applicable rules & regulations for this product?

security & safety easy to assemble

flexibility
reliability

user interaction
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Major Features of PDS
The answers to questions can be found in the following
which constitutes as major features of PDS
Product identification / definition
Functional requirements
Corporate / company constraints
Social, political and legal requirements

security & safety easy to assemble

flexibility reliability

12 user interaction
Major Features of PDS
Product identification / definition
Product Title
Product name (# of models or different versions, related in-house
product families)
e.g. Solidworks Standard
e.g. Design & Manufacturing of 50 T Gantry Crane
Purpose or function of the product
e.g. CAD software should be able to deliver 3D design capabilities,
performance, and ease-of-use
e.g. heat exchanger is required to transfer heat produced in the
workshop
Basic features : e.g. 2D CAD, 3D Modeling
Special Features : product includes additional
features for meshing and analyzing 2D models

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Major Features of PDS

Product identification / definition...

Key performance targets (power output,
efficiency, accuracy)
e.g. Heat Exchanger : heat transfer rate Btu / hr
Service environment (use conditions, storage,
transportation, extreme use)
operating temperature, operating pressure, wind, rain etc.
to be transported on vehicle with height limitations of 16 ft
User training required
the HX will be provided with operation and maintenance manual

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Major Features of PDS

Key Project Deadlines

Time to complete project
e.g. the design and manufacturing of HX will
be completed in 6 months
Fixed project deadlines (review
dates)
Deadlines for preliminary design and design
review

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Major Features of PDS

Functional Requirements
Based on
functional performance
physical dimensions
service environment
life cycle targets
requirements based on human factors

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Major Features of PDS

Functional requirements based on performance

Describe functioning of the product e.g.
how will : the energy flow, water flow, steam output, power transfer,
information related to the working of the product / operational steps
capacity (heat exchanger capacity : ____ Btu / hr)
materials
efficiency of the product (energy consumption is less than the previous
model)
accuracy requirements

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Major Features of PDS

Physical description / requirements

What is known (or has already been decided) about
physical requirements for new product?
Design variable values that are known or fixed prior
to the conceptual design process (like external
dimensions)
e.g. the max. dia. of shell of HX to be 1200 mm why? May be
due to space constraints
constraints that determine known boundaries on some design
variables (e.g. upper limit on acceptable weight)
e.g. suppose the tank has to be transported on an 18 wheeler
trailer with load capacity of 40 T

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Major Features of PDS

Service environment / requirements

The type of environment the product will see :
factory floor, storage, transportation, end user
operating temperature, operating pressure, wind, rain etc.
humidity, corrosion etc.
transportation (to be transported on vehicle with height
limitations of 16 ft)

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Major Features of PDS
Life Cycle Targets
What targets should be set for the performance of the product over
time? (Related to products competition)
What are the most up-to-date recycling policies of the corporation and
how can this products design reflect those policies?
Useful life / shelf life
Cost of installation and operation (energy costs, crew size, etc.)
Maintenance schedule and location (user-performed or service
centered)
Reliability (mean time to failure): Identify critical parts and specify
their reliability targets
End-of-life strategy (% and type of recyclable components,
remanufacture of the product, company take back, upgrade policy)

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Major Features of PDS
Life Cycle Targets / Issues Summary
Reliability (mean time to failure)
Robustness / strength
Maintainability Reliability
Testability
Reparability Retirement Robustness
Installation
Retirement
Recycling Install ability Maintainability

Testability
Reparability

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Major Features of PDS

Human factors / requirements

Aesthetics
Man-machine interface / Ergonomics
Comfort
User training

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Major Features of PDS

Corporate constraints
What type of constraints, a company may face
during the product design
time to market: is there adequate time (keeping in
view the resources) to design a quality product
and its manufacturing process(es) ?
Manufacturing requirements (in-house, in-country
issues / capabilities) to produce cost effective /
economical product

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Major Features of PDS
Corporate constraints
(example)
Residual stress monitoring
In FME, we want to monitor the
residual stresses (due to a
manufacturing process)
The corporate constraints could
be:
bonding of strain gauge
soldering of wires
measurement of strains from
multiple gauges

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Major Features of PDS

Manufacturing Specifications
Which parts or systems will be
manufactured in-house?
Manufacturing requirements: Processes and
capacity necessary to manufacture final product
Suppliers: Identify key suppliers and procurement
strategy for purchased parts

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Major Features of PDS
Market Identification
Description of target market and its What is the need
size for a new (or
e.g. In case of HXs (like split ACs) the product redesigned)
will be used in summer seasons within the product?
country
How much
Anticipated market demand (units per
competition exists
year) for the new
e.g. 10,000 units/ year product?
Competing products
What are the
the design process for a new or modified product relationships to
should also address the existing competing existing products?
products
Branding strategy (trademark, logo,
brand name)
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Major Features of PDS

Financial Requirements
What are the assumptions of the firm about the economics
of the product and its development?
What are the corporate criteria on profitability?
Pricing policy over life cycle (target manufacturing cost, price,
estimated retail price, discounts)
Warranty policy
Expected financial performance or rate of return on investment
Level of capital investment required

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Major Features of PDS
Social, Political, and Legal Requirements
Are there government agencies, societies, or regulation
boards that control the markets in which this product is to
be launched?
Are there opportunities to patent the product or some of its
subsystems?
Safety and environmental regulations: Applicable government
regulations for all intended markets.
Standards: Relevant product standards that may be applicable
(e.g. Underwriters Laboratories, OSHA)
Safety and product liability: Predictable unintended uses for the
product, safety label guidelines, applicable company safety
standards
Intellectual property: Patents related to product. Licensing
strategy for critical pieces of technology.

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Example PDS for CD jewel case

Product title

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Example PDS for CD jewel case

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Example PDS for CD jewel case

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Example PDS for CD jewel case

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Example PDS for CD jewel case

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Example PDS for CD jewel case

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Example PDS for CD jewel case

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Example PDS for CD jewel case

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Group Assignment 03

Prepare PDS for Your Project / Product

Contents : Not more than 3 pages
Submission of Group Assignments 02 and 03 :
Tuesday, 14.02.17
Late submissions : Penalty!!!
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