CARIES

EROSION
ABRASION
ATTRITION
HYPOPLASIA
DISCOLORATION
TRAUMA
WHY DO WE RESTORE
TEETH ?
To remove diseased tissue.
To restore:
The function of the tooth.
The appearance of the tooth.
The integrity of tooth surface and
the arch.
OBJECTIVES
Diagnosis
Prevention
Interception
Preservation
Restoration
DIAGNOSIS

Proper diagnosis of defect, (including their

location and extent), is important for:
Treatment planning.

Design of the tooth preparation.

Selection of restorative materials and

procedures.
PREVENTION

Every step of operative procedure

should care about disease prevention.

e.g. the location of the margins of

tooth preparation and the shape
(contour) of the final restorations.
INTERCEPTION

This refers to preventing further

loss of tooth structure by stopping

an active disease process.

PRESERVATION

Preservation of the vitality and

anatomy of remaining tooth

structure is of great importance.

RESTORATION

This may include restoration of

form, function, phonetics,
esthetics and occlusal stability.
DENTAL UNIT(CHAIR)
PARTS OF DENTAL UNIT
1. Head rest
1 6
5
2. Back seat
3. Seat
4. Arm Rest
5. Dental Light
4
6. Cuspidor unit 7
2 3
7. Doctors Tray
Head Rest
Can be moved forward, backward, up and down

Back Seat
Can be moved forward and backward

Seat
Can be moved up and down

Arm Rest
One/Two arms
The right arm can swing for patient
Dental Light
It can be adjustable to different heights .
Low, medium and high Halogen Lamp.
Bulb can be easily replaced.

Doctors tray
Moveable, can swing in/out, has tubes for
hand pieces, air/water syringe, may
include cotton holder, X-ray viewer.
 CUSPIDOR UNIT

Air/water (3 way) syringe.

Saliva Ejector.
High Power suction.
Cup filler (Automatic and
manual).
Spittoon Bowl flush
(Automatic or manual).
DENTAL STOOL
Back rest for lumber support.

Can be adjusted at any height

by lever control.

Rotates freely 360 degrees.

Foot supporting ring with

adjustable height.
PHANTOM HEAD
PHANTOM HEAD
Doesnt have the assistant side
Buttons to move up, down, forward and
backward
Bottle to be filled with
water for handpieces
Artificial set of teeth
 It is important that patient and
operator are properly positioned.

PROPER POSITIONS IS A MUST

WHY ?
 The patient who is in a comfortable position is
more relaxed, has less muscular tension, and is
more capable of cooperating with the dentist.

By using proper operating positions and good

posture, the operator experiences less physical
strain and fatigue and reduces the possibility of
developing musculoskeletal disorders.

This improves their efficiency of the dental team

and allow more efficient instrument exchange.