EDUCATION

The illiterate of the twenty-first

century will not be those who cannot
read and write, but those who cannot
learn, unlearn, and relearn.

-ALVIN TOFFLER
Education

Is the social institution that formally socializes

members of society. It remains a very important
support pillar in society. Education also refers to the
process through which skills, knowledge, and values
are transmitted from the teachers to the learners.
 Meaning and Importance of Education in
Society

Formal and Nonformal

Education

Formal education is based in the classroom and

provided by trained teaching and non teaching
personnel. It has an approved curriculum, which
includes the course outline, the prescribed number
of sessions to finish the lessons and authentic
assessments and outputs.

Nonformal education, on the other hand, is an

 Sociological Perspectives on
Education
Manifest and Latent Function of Education
One manifest function of education is socialization. As early as
preschool and kindergarten, students are initiated into taking
on societal roles, like being a daughter, friend and playmate.
The French sociologist Emile Durkheim described schools as
agents of socialization that prepare children for their future
adult economic roles. Another manifest function of education is
the transmission of culture, skills, and values.

Latent functions of education refer to the unintended functions

that are brought about by the school environment where you
can possibly find a spouse, a business partner, or friends that
you can keep for life. Another is ability to work in groups,
Using conflict perspective, educational institution are
seen as instrument that limit the opportunities of the
less powerful in society.

*tracking- this is a formalized sorting system that

identifies the tracks students belong to. ( Ex. High
performing student belong to Section 1 while low
performing student lumped together all the way to
Section 10).

*Also opportunities are limited for those who through

no fault of their own cannot access a more expensive
higher education.
Goals and Functions of Education in the 21 st
Century World
Functions Descriptions Reinforced by

Transmission of cultural Communication and honing Family

heritage of knowledge, language,
science

Selection of social roles and Provides new experiences Religion

training in such roles and offers alternatives and a
wider selection of roles

Integration and Functions as a social control State/ Government/ Religion

mainstreaming of mechanism that brings
subcultures and identities recalcitrant members back to
the fold

A place where young people Peer/State/Family

Source of social and cultural are enjoined to be creative
innovations with others
Two most important goals of education for the individual and society are self-actualization
and productive citizenry.

Productive citizenry- refers to the idea that a citizen by him/herself must create the
environment and opportunities to become productive. It is based on the logic that a
productive citizen contributes to the overall betterment of the community

Self actualization-is a notion proposed by Maslow, it refers to the desire for self- fulfillment,
namely, to the tendency for him to become actualized in what he is potentially.

Maslow characteristics of a self-actualized people:

Acceptance and Realism- realistic perception of themselves and the world around them.
Problem-centering- concerned with solving problems outside of themselves.
Spontaneity- spontaneous in their internal thoughts and outward behavior.
Autonomy and Solitude- need for independence and privacy, need time to focus on
developing their own individual potential
Continued Freshness of Appreciation- view world with a continual sense of appreciation,
wonder, and awe.
Function of Education towards Individual

Development of inborn potentialities

Modifying behavior
Holistic development
Preparing for the future
Developing personality
Helping for adjustability

Functions of Education towards Society

Social change and control

Reconstruction of experiences
Development of social and moral values
Providing opportunity or equality

Functions of Education towards Nation

Inculcation of civic and social responsibility

Training for leadership
Nation integration
Total national development
 Primary Education as a Human
Right
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that everyone has the right to
education.

Education is a human right since this is one of the few avenues that can allow social
mobility for everyone regardless of their background.

The slogan, Education is a right, not a privilege has been actualized in the
Philippines.

Primary education is considered a right of a child it enshrined in the 1987

Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines.

As of 2010, it was reported that 27.82% of Filipino elementary-aged children either

never attend or never complete elementary schooling, usually due to the absence of
any school in their area, in the use of a language that is foreign to them for
instruction, or financial distress.

In July 2009, the Department of Education moved to overcome the foreign language
issue by ordering all elementary schools to move towards initial mother tongue-based