DESTRUCTIVE TESTING

TYPES & TECHNIQUE

SDP-I
Presented by:
 WHY TESTING REQUIRED?
To ascertain Material Properties in
terms of Mechanical ,Chemical.
To ensure material compliance to
codes, standards and specifications.
To ensure proper Heat treatment.
To ensure proper material structure.
To ensure Material chemistry.
 TYPES OF TESTING
DESTRUCTIVE TESTING:
MECHANICAL TESTING like Tensile ,Bend,
Impact, etc
CHEMICAL TESTING :Wet chemical Analysis
NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING:
RT /UT/MT/PT/VT /LT/ET
PMI EXAMINATION
ON JOB HARDNESS TEST
FERRITE TESTING
 Types of Destructive testing
DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
Tensile test
Bend Test
Impact Test
Macro examination
Micro examination
Drop weight test
Nick break test
Pullout /Push out test
 Destructive testing
From where it is done?
Material Test Coupon (MTC)
Welded Test Coupon (Like PQR)
Welder Performance Qualification
Coupon (WPQ)
Production Test Coupon (PTC)
 MECHANICAL TEST
TENSILE TEST
Test outcome are;
Ultimate Tensile Strength
Yield strength
% Elongation
% Reduction in Area
Testing done in;
Universal Testing Machine (Tensile test machine)
Testing Temperature;
Room Temperature and Hot tensile temperature
 TENSILE TESTING
Types of specimen
FLAT SPECIMEN THK

GL
AS PER ASME
BM : 12.5 WIDE
WELD : 19 WIDE
 TENSILE TESTING
Types of specimen
ROUND SPECIMEN DIA

GL
AS PER ASME
BM : 12.5 DIA
WELD : 12.7 DIA
 TENSILE TESTING
Tensile strength (UTS) = Maximum
Load / Cross section area
Yield strength (YS) = Yield load / Cross
section area
% Elongation (%El) = (Final Gauge
Length Initial Gauge Length ) / Initial
Gauge Length *100
% Reduction in Area(%Ra) =(Initial area
Final area ) /Initial area *100
 TENSILE TESTING
TESTING AS PER ASME CODE
TESTING SPECIMEN PREPARTION
BASE METAL : ASME SEC II A SA 370
WELD METAL : ASME SEC IX & ABOVE
TESTING ACCEPTANCE
BASE METAL : ASME SEC II A :Material sections

WELD METAL : ASME SEC IX FOR PQR

: ASME SEC II-C FOR CONSUMABLES

PTC : ASME SEC VIII-DIV.1,

ASME SEC-VIII-Div.2 &
ASME SEC I
 BEND TESTING
PURPOSE :To ensure weld soundness'
TESTED IN : UTM
TESTED TEMP: RT
TYPES OF BENDS :
SIDE BEND
FACE BEND
ROOT BEND
LONGITUDINAL BEND (DISIMILLAR JOINTS)
TEST METHOD : ASTM E 190, ASME IIA & ASME SEC-IX
TEST ACCEPTANCE : ASME SEC II-A for Base Metal & ASME
SEC IX for welds.
 IMPACT TESTING
MECHODS : CHARPY / IZOD
METHOD USED AT HAZIRA : ASTM CALIBRATED
CHARPY IMPACT TESTING.
PURPOSE: TO VERIFY IMPACT RESISTANCE ENERGY OF
WELDS /BASE METAL
MACHINE CALIBRATED BY : ASME E 23 WITH NIST SPECIMEN
VERIFICATION
SPECIMEN PREPARTION , MACHINE ARRANGEMENT w.r.t :
ASTM E23.
TEST TEMPERATURES : +70 Deg.C to 196 Deg.C.
TEST ACCEPTANCE : ASME SEC VIII-Div.1 , ASME SEC VIII-
Div.2 & ASME SEC II A , Material specifications.
 MACRO EXAMINATION
To verify the weld fusion ,inclusions,
Defects like cracks , Lack of fusion, Lack of
penetration at Macro level.
Test method :
Specimen cutting , polishing and etching.
Viewing at 10X to 20X visually or with a
Magnifying glass.
Acceptance : As per ASME SEC IX
Test done in: Welding PQRs , Welder
Qualification , Consumable qualification
 MICRO EXAMINATION
To verify the Material structure, Corrosion
examinations , micro cracks, Material heat
treatment confirmations, etc.. .(Applicable to
weld and Base metal)
Test method :
Specimen cutting , polishing and etching.
Viewing at 100X to 1000x in a microscope ,Image
analyzers.
Acceptance : As per Material specifications
Test done in: Welding PQRs , Consumable
qualification , Materials at various heat treated
conditions.
 TUBE TO TUBE SHEET
WELDS
FOLLOWING TESTS CARRIED OUT
PUSH OUT TEST (Tube is pushed out of the tube
sheet hole) :Load is calculated
PULL OUT TEST (Tube is pulled out of the tube
sheet hole) Load is calculated
MINIMUM LEAK PATH EXAM :Lowest possible
path for getting leak in case of failure
MACRO EXAM : Weld fusion ,Dimension, Defect
free weld cross section
 DROP WEIGHT TEST
Mostly done in nuclear jobs
Test method ASTM E 208
Tested to ensure Nil Ductility
Transmission Temperature (NDTT) on
ferritic steel.
NDTT Temperature : Maximum
temperature in which a std drop
weight specimen breaks
 CHEMICAL TESTING
Chips removed during welding / job
preparation.
Chips are tested with wet chemical
analysis for finding out the actual
chemical composition.
Reference for acceptance : As per
material /consumable specification.
THANK YOU