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FV
(WHEN PROJECTIONS ARE GIVEN.)
Begin with FV. Extend FV up to XY line. a
Name this pointh v h
( as it is a Fv of a point in Hp) x y
Draw one projector from h.
VT HT
Now extend Tv to meet this projector. a
This point is HT TV
STEPS TO LOCATE VT.
(WHEN PROJECTIONS ARE GIVEN.) Observe & note :-
1. Points h & v always on x-y line. b
This point is VT
These points are used to
solve next three problems.
PROBLEM 6 :- Fv of line AB makes 450 angle with XY line and measures 60 mm.
Lines Tv makes 300 with XY line. End A is 15 mm above Hp and its VT is 10 mm
below Hp. Draw projections of line AB,determine inclinations with Hp & Vp and locate HT, VT.
b b1
a
450
15
SOLUTION STEPS:-
Draw xy line, one projector and x v h
y
locate fv a 15 mm above xy. 10 300
Take 450 angle from a and HT
marking 60 mm on it locate point b. VT
Draw locus of VT, 10 mm below xy
a
& extending Fv to this locus locate VT.
as fv-h-vt lie on one st.line.
Draw projector from vt, locate v on xy.
From v take 300 angle downward as
Tv and its inclination can begin with v.
b b1
Draw projector from b and locate b I.e.Tv point.
Now rotating views as usual TL and
its inclinations can be found.
Name extension of Fv, touching xy as h
and below it, on extension of Tv, locate HT.
PROBLEM 7 :
One end of line AB is 10mm above Hp and other end is 100 mm in-front of Vp.
Its Fv is 450 inclined to xy while its HT & VT are 45mm and 30 mm below xy respectively.
Draw projections and find TL with its inclinations with Hp & VP.
b b 1 LOCUS OF b & b1
FV TL
a 450
10 v h
X Y
30
45
VT HT
SOLUTION STEPS:-
Draw xy line, one projector and
locate a 10 mm above xy. 100
Draw locus 100 mm below xy for points b & b 1 a
Draw loci for VT and HT, 30 mm & 45 mm
below xy respectively. TL
Take 450 angle from a and extend that line backward
to locate h and VT, & Locate v on xy above VT.
TV
Locate HT below h as shown.
Then join v HT and extend to get top view end b.
Draw projector upward and locate b Make a b & ab dark. b b1 LOCUS OF b & b1
Now as usual rotating views find TL and its inclinations.
PROBLEM 8 :- Projectors drawn from HT and VT of a line AB
are 80 mm apart and those drawn from its ends are 50 mm apart.
End A is 10 mm above Hp, VT is 35 mm below Hp
while its HT is 45 mm in front of Vp. Draw projections,
locate traces and find TL of line & inclinations with Hp and Vp.
VT
b b1
SOLUTION STEPS:- 55
FV
1.Draw xy line and two projectors, TL
80 mm apart and locate HT & VT ,
Locus of a a
35 mm below xy and 55 mm above xy
respectively on these projectors.
2.Locate h and v on xy as usual.
X 10 50 v
y
h b b1
3.Now just like previous two problems,
Extending certain lines complete Fv & Tv
35 TV
And as usual find TL and its inclinations. TL
a
HT
80
Instead of considering a & a as projections of first point,
if v & VT are considered as first point , then true inclinations of line
with
Hp & Vp i.e. angles & can be constructed with points VT & V
b respectively. b 1
b b1
PROBLEM 9 :-
Line AB 100 mm long is 300 and 450 inclined to Hp & Vp respectively. b1
End A is 10 mm above Hp and its VT is 20 mm below Hp b
.Draw projections of the line and its HT.
FV
mm
100
Locus of a & a1 a a 1
SOLUTION STEPS:- 10
X v h
Draw xy, one projector Y
(45 )
0
and locate on it VT and V.
20
Draw locus of a 10 mm above xy. (300)
Take 300 from VT and draw a line.
Where it intersects with locus of a VT
name it a1 as it is TL of that part. HT
From a1 cut 100 mm (TL) on it and locate point b 1
Now from v take 450 and draw a line downwards a a1
& Mark on it distance VT-a1 I.e.TL of extension & name it a1
Extend this line by 100 mm and mark point b 1.
Draw its component on locus of VT TV 10
0m
& further rotate to get other end of Fv i.e.b m
Join it with VT and mark intersection point
(with locus of a1 ) and name it a
Now as usual locate points a and b and h and HT.
b b1
PROBLEM 10 :-
A line AB is 75 mm long. Its Fv & Tv make 450 and 600 inclinations with X-Y line resp
End A is 15 mm above Hp and VT is 20 mm below Xy line. Line is in first quadrant.
Draw projections, find inclinations with Hp & Vp. Also locate HT. b b1
FV
mm
75
Locus of a & a1 a a1
15
X v h
Y
60 0
20
450
VT
SOLUTION STEPS:-
Similar to the previous only change HT
is instead of lines inclinations,
views inclinations are given. a a1
So first take those angles from VT & v
Properly, construct Fv & Tv of extension,
then determine its TL( V-a1) 75
TV mm
and on its extension mark TL of line
and proceed and complete it.
b b1
PROBLEM 11 :- The projectors drawn from VT & end A of line AB are 40mm apart.
End A is 15mm above Hp and 25 mm in front of Vp. VT of line is 20 mm below Hp.
If line is 75mm long, draw its projections, find inclinations with HP & Vp
b b1
FV
5 mm
7
a a1
15
X v Y
20
25
VT
a
TV
Draw two projectors for VT & end A 40mm
Locate these points and then b b1
YES !
YOU CAN COMPLETE IT.
GROUP (C)
CASES OF THE LINES IN A.V.P., A.I.P. & PROFILE PLANE.
A
X
A A.V.P.
b b b
Y
X
HT
a
B For
F.V. TV
a
b
b HP
Results:-
1. TV & FV both are vertical, hence arrive on one single projector.
2. Its Side View shows True Length ( TL)
3. Sum of its inclinations with HP & VP equals to 90 0 ( + = 900 )
4. Its HT & VT arrive on same projector and can be easily located
From Side View.
Locus of a & a1 a a1
15 v h
X 45 0 Y
10
VT HT
AVP 450 to VP
VT (VT) a
a
SOLUTION STEPS:- Side View
After drawing xy line and one projector Front view ( True Length )
VP
Locate top view of A I.e point a on xy as
It is in Vp, b b
Locate Fv of B i.e.b15 mm above xy as a (HT)
X HP Y
it is above Hp.and Tv of B i.e. b, 50 mm
below xy asit is 50 mm in front of Vp
Draw side view structure of Vp and Hp top view
and locate S.V. of point B i.e. b
From this point cut 75 mm distance on Vp and
Mark a as A is in Vp. (This is also VT of line.) b
From this point draw locus to left & get a HT
Extend SV up to Hp. It will be HT. As it is a Tv
Rotate it and bring it on projector of b.
Now as discussed earlier SV gives TL of line
and at the same time on extension up to Hp & Vp
gives inclinations with those panes.