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ground surface to
final gradient
AUTO LEVEL
Used to establish or verify points in the same horizontal
plane.
Used in surveying and building with a vertical staff
Used to measure the height differences between two
points.
Levelling Staff
Also called levelling rod.
It cannot be used without a leveling instrument.
A graduated wooden or aluminium rod.
b) Construction of 27-Storey High
Office Block.
Top-slewing Tower Crane
Also known as sectional tower crane, as they are
assembled from modular sections.
Used to hoist and place material and machinery at
construction sites.
Have a fixed tower and a slewing ring mounted at top.
Although they require
longer duration to erect
and dismantle, but they
can be erected virtually
up to any height.
LOADERS