Bulb Types

Small bayonet cap,

single contact type.
Used in side, rear, license
plate, fog and indicator
lights.

Small bayonet cap,

twin contact type.
Used in combined
brake and rear lamps.

Xenon HID bulbs,

used in headlights.
Produce more light than halogen
bulbs and use less power.
A Basic Headlight
Mengandungi bulb, parabolic Parabolic
reflector Lens
reflector dan lens.

Bulb
Terdapat untuk
menghalang cahaya.

Voltage terminals
dibelakang.
Voltage
terminals

Headlight adalah
weatherproof.
Shield
Basic Headlight Beam Patterns
Parabolic
Reka bentuk reflector
reflector
mempengaruhi beam
pattern.

Parallel beam
terhasil dari
kedudukan filament
Parallel beam
pada focal point.

Ideal design
untuk spot
lights.

Filament at
focal point
Bulb
Basic Headlight Beam Patterns
Dip beam terhasil Parabolic Filament above
dari kedudukan reflector focal point
filament pada atas
focal point.

Side beam terhasil

dari kedudukan
filament pada tepi
reflector.

Dip
beam

Bulb
 Basic Headlight Beam Patterns
Ada bulbs yang Concentrate
dipasang dengan d dip beam
shields.

Shield dibawah
filament mengarahkan
beam pattern ke atas.

Shield
The Lens
Kebanyakan moden lenses diperbuat dari plastic.

lens mengagihkanbeam pattern dan

menjaga reflector dan bulb.
Double Reflectors
Terdapat kenderaan Dip beam
yang menggunakan reflector
dua headlight bulbs.
Lens

Main
Insert reflector beam
menghasilkan main
beam pattern.

Dip beam reflector

menghasilkan dip
beam pattern. Inset Dip beam
reflector
Projection Headlights
Projection headlight
Berdiameter,
kecil tapi
menghasilkan
high output.

Ellipsoidal reflector
memantul cahaya ke
lens. Ellipsoidal Beam
reflector Lens
pattern
Lens memancar
cahaya mengikut
pattern yang betul.

Shield menghalang
cahaya yang tidak
perlu. Filament Shield
 Headlight
Beam Alignment
Adjustment
Beams perlu dilaras screw
Beam equipment
dengan betul.

Beam patterns boleh

diperiksa melalui
optical beam
alignment equipment.

Headlights dipasang
dengan adjustment
screws.

Laras headlights
dengan menggunakan
manual.
Typical Headlight Electrical Schematic
Switch in OFF
position - all lights
off.

PARK position - side and

rear lights on.

HEAD position - power

to main / dip beam
switch.

LOW position - dip beam on.

HIGH position - main beam on.

Next
>
Side/Rear Lights
Used to indicate
vehicle presence and
direction of travel.

Side lights housed

in headlight housing.

Rear lights housed

in rear light
cluster.

Filament rating 5
watts.
Typical Side/Rear Lights Electrical Schematic

OFF position - all lights off.

Fuse
Batter Headlight
y switch
Side lights

License
plate
lights

Rear lights

PARK position - side and rear lights on.

HEAD position - side and rear lights on.

 Component

Turn signal hub

Turn signal
Plunger Type Brake Switch
Switch mechanically Brake
switch
linked to brake pedal.
OFF
12V RUN
Brake
START pedal
Ignition (not
(pressed)
pressed)
Switch connects switch
between ignition switch
and brake lights.

Switch closes when

brake pedal pressed.

Brake lights Next >

The Reverse Switch
Switch operates reverse lights.
Lights dibelakang kenderaan yang memberi isyarat undur.
Switch dipasang pada gearbox.
Switch menyambungkan ignition switch danreverse lights.
Pemilihan reverse position mengerakkan pushes plunger kepada terminals
untuk menyambungakan litarto complete circuit.