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INTRODUCTION
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, usually characterized
by chronic airway inflammation. It is defined by the history
of respiratory symptoms such as wheeze, shortness of
breath, chest tightness and cough that vary over time and
in intensity, together with variable expiratory airflow
limitation.
Fortunately, asthma can be effectively treated, and most
patients can achieve good control of their asthma. When
asthma under good control patients can.
Avoid Troublesome Symptoms During Day And Night
Need Little Or No Reliever Medication
Have Productive, Physically Active Lives
Have Normal Or Near Normal Lung Function
Avoid Serious Asthma Flare-ups (Exacerbations, Or Attacks)
SYMPTOMS
Coughing, especially at night, during exercise
or when laughing.
Difficulty breathing.
Chest tightness.
Shortness of breath.
Wheezing (a whistling or squeaky sound in
your chest when breathing, especially when
exhaling)
ASTHMA TRIGGER
Infections Particularly Infections Of The Upper Airways, Such As
Colds And Flu
Allergens Including Pollen, Dust Mites, Animal Fur ("Dander") Or
Feathers
Airborne Irritants Including Cigarette Smoke, Fumes And
Pollution
Medicines Particularly Painkillers Called Non-steroidal Anti-
inflammatory Drugs (Nsaids), Which Include Aspirin And
Ibuprofen, And Beta-blockers
Emotions Including Stress Or Laughter
Food Additives Including Sulphites (Often Found In Pickled
Products, Wine, Beer And Dried Fruit) And Tartrazine (A Yellow
Food Colouring)
Weather Conditions Including Sudden Changes In Temperature,
Cold Air, Windy Days, Thunderstorms And Hot, Humid Days
Indoor Conditions Including Mould Or Damp And Chemicals In
Carpets And Flooring Materials
Exercise
SEVERITY OF ASTHMA
EXACERBATION
SEVERITY MILD MODERATE SEVERE RESPIRATO
RY ARREST
IMMNENT
Wheeze Moderate, often Loud Usually loud Absence of
only end wheeze
exporatory
Pulse < 100 100 -120 >120 Bradycardia
PRINCIPLE OF 7R
) Right Medication
) Right Dose
) Right Pateint
) Right Route
) Right Patient
) Right Time
) Right Documentation
) Right To Refuse
Do assessment