ELECTRONIC

CIRCUITS

Engineer John Paula Sotto, ECE, ECT

Polytechnic University of the Philippines - Paraaque
 Voltage
Current
Resistance
Power

Fundamental Units for

Electronics
 A system of conductor through
which electrons flow.
It may be AC or DC.
May be series, parallel or
combination.
Has 3 basic main components to
be called a complete circuit.

Circuits
Ohms Law Types of current
flow
I =

*Conventional Flow
*Electron Flow
An electrical current can flow in either of
two directions. If it flows in only one
direction, it is called direct current (DC).

Direct Current
 A current which alternates in direction or
polarity is called an alternating current (AC).
Reaches max, returns to zero and reverses
max

Alternating Current
 Peak to Peak
Peak value
Instantaneous Value
Average Value
Effective/ RMS Value

Different Values
Instantaneous Value - Value of either Voltage
or Current at one particular instant

Average Value Average of all

Instantaneous value during one
alternation.
Iave = 0.636Vp
Effective value - same heating effect on
a resistance as a comparable value of
direct current or voltage will have on
same resistance.
Iave = 0.707Vp
Common Electronic Component Symbols
Resistor Color Code
Solid State Devices
Operates by virtue of the movement of
electronics with solid piece of
semiconductor material.

Electrical Classification of Materials

1.Conductor
*Semiconductorisnot
2.Insulator
semiconductorinnature.*
3.Semiconductor
 IntrinsicMaterialSemiconductorthatisFREEfrom
impuritiessuchassiliconandgermanium.
ExtrinsicMaterialDoped.
*Ntype
-donor,pentavalent(PAsSbBi)
*Ptype
-acceptor,trivalent(BAlGAIn)

Types of Semiconductor
Materials
 Energy Gap
a delocalized band of energy partly filled with
electrons in a crystalline solid. These
electrons have great mobility and are
responsible for electrical conductivity.
Typical values - Si, Ge, InSb
Barrier Potential - Ge, Si

PN Junction
when P & N type were brought together. This is
the key I creating other semiconductor devices.
 Constructed with three doped semiconductor
regions separated by two junctions
Bipolar refers to charged carriers. BJT uses
both holes and electrons unlike FET.
Contains three parts namely _____, ___ has
the heaviest dopant.
May be NPN or PNP

Transistors - BJT
 BE BC Operation Applicatio
junctio junction n
n
F R

F F

R R

R F
 CB CE CC
Input
Output
Zi
Zo
Ai
Av
Ap
 ForImpedanceMatching
Zi30to5oOhms
islessthan1.(amplificationfactor=IC/IE)
=_______

Common Base
 Frequently used in practical amplifiers since
_____
Zi = 500 1500 Ohms
= ______
beta can me in AC or in DC
Beta ranges from 20-600

Common Emitter
 Fixed Bias
Emitter Stabilized
Voltage Divider
Voltage Feedback

Types of Biasing
Fixed Bias
Emitter Stabilized
Voltage Feedback
Voltage Divider
THANKYOUSOMUCHANDGODBLESS!HOPE
YOULEARN!

Fin.