Review

Kinematic equations along horizontal and vertical motion

u Horizontal Motion: Constant velocity (+ = 0)
o + = + + 4+ + = 4+

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o +5+6 = ( 9 : ; 9 6 : ) +5+6 =
( 976 : ; 9 6 : ) 7
=
== 4 + 4+ 4+
?
o = 4 + 4+ + = =
=

++= = 4+
o = + 2+( 4 ) +
= =

4+ =
u Vertical Motion: Constant acceleration ( . = )
o . = . + 4. . = + 4.
. .
o 5 . = (9 A ;9 6 A ) 5. =
76 (9 A ;9 6 A ) 76
? ?
o = 4 + 4. + = =
= =
= 4 + 4. + = =
o .= = 4. + 2. (
.
().= = 4. + 2()(
= =
4 ) Max. Height
Rang 4 )
o 96M NOPM 6
e = sin
Q =
2
Time=of R = 4
Flight
o = =96 NOP
R 4
Q6
Review
Yesterdays Quiz
After getting into a quarrel, a kid throws a bullys slippers with
a speed of 13.0 m/s at an angle 60.0 above the horizontal.
The

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slippers landed on top of the flat roof of a 5.71 m tall
house. 1-2. What is the time of flight of the slippers?
3-4. How far away is the kid from the edge of the house?

1 =

= 4 + 4 . +
1
5.71
= 0 + 13.0 ms sin260.02 + 9.8
m =
ms= 4.9 + 11.26 5.71
=
Solving for the
= roots:
0
= 0.756 s , 1.54
s .
Review
Example #1
At t=0, a motorcycle is moving initially velocity 4 = 24.5hi + 17.2h i .
He then accelerates constantly within the first 5.00 seconds of his travel at
of 2.50 h , 30.0 N of E. By independently solving the x

71
average
an
iM
and y-
components, what is the velocity of the motorcyclist at t=5.00 s in unit-vector
form? y 1. Write down the given
2. Draw and establish your coordinate system
3. Determine what was asked
4. Determine the right expression to solve
the problem
x 5. Check the units of your answer if it makes
sense

Given
h h
: Initial velocity:4 = 24.5 i +
Acceleration:
17.2 =
2.50 h
, 30.0 N
i
i M
Time: of E
= 5.00
Target:


Review
Example #2

Marivec, located at the origin, sees Jordan at ( 5.00m p + 5.00m p

focused on running at a constant velocity of (2,00m/s) p. At what velocity

71
should Marivec travel if she wants to meet Jordan in 25.0 s?

y 1. Write down the given

2. Draw and establish your coordinate system
3. Determine what was asked
4. Determine the right expression to solve
the problem
x 5. Check the units of your answer if it makes
sense
PHYSICS 71

71
Chapter 3 Motion in Two or Three Dimensions

08 Motion in a Circle

National Institute of Physics

College of Science
University of the Philippines
Diliman
A particle moving in a circle with a constant speed is 6
in uniform circular motion.

71
Acceleration is perpendicular to velocity (change in
direction).
Acceleration is directed inward toward the center of the
circular path.
Components of Acceleration 7

u Tangential (parallel) component changes the speed

u Normal (perpendicular) component changes the
direction

71
Component of acceleration parallel to velocity:
Changes cars speed
S
v
Car has constant speed
while moving along a
Car speeds up along a circular path
S
circular path S
v
a

Acceleration is exactly
Component of acceleration perpendicular to S perpendicular to velocity;
velocity: Changes cars direction a
no parallel component

S
v

To center of circle
Component of acceleration
perpendicular to velocity:
Changes cars direction
S

a
Car slows down along a
Component of acceleration parallel circular path
to velocity: Changes cars speed
Uniform Circular Motion 8

u A particle moving in a circle with constant speed

71
Uniform Circular Motion 9

u A particle moving in a circle with constant speed

71
Uniform Circular Motion 1
0
u A particle moving in a circle with constant speed

S
Acceleration has
v

71
S S constant magni-
arad v tude but
a rad varying
S S
direction.
v arad
S S
arad vS
S
arad
S Velocity and
arad acceleration
S
v are always
S
v perpendicular.
Uniform Circular Motion 1
1
u A particle moving in a circle with constant speed
u Acceleration has no tangential (parallel) component

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u Instantaneous acceleration is related to the speed
and radius . The magnitude is given by

=
S
S
v arad
s t u =
u The direction of is perpendicular to the
instantaneous velocity, and is inward along the radius
u In UCM, is also known as the centripetal
acceleration
u Centripetal center-seeking
Uniform Circular Motion 1
2
u The period is the time for one revolution
u The particle travels a distance equal to the circumference
of the circle.

71
u Speed in terms of T:
circumferen
ce perio
=
S d2
v a rad

S =

u Centripetal acceleration in terms of T: 2 =

= =

s t u = =
4
s t u

= =
Uniform Circular Motion 1
3
EXAMPLE 1
A vintage car has a lateral acceleration of 9.4m/s2. This
represents the maximum centripetal acceleration that the car

71
can attain without skidding out of a circular path. If the car
is travelling at a constant 40m/s, what is the minimum
radius of curve it can negotiate?

Given: = 40. stu = 9.4

ms, for the car to stay on the circular
Find m s=
path.
= =
=
s t u = s t
u
40. ms
=
=
=9.4
170m s=
m
Uniform Circular Motion 1
4
EXAMPLE 2
In a carnival ride, the passengers travel at constant speed in a
circle of radius 5.0m. They make one complete circle in 4.0s.

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What is their acceleration?

Given: = 5.0 = 4.0

Find m, s
stu .
4 =
s t u

= =
4 =(5.0
s t u m)
(4.0
= s)=
s t u = 12.
ms=
Non-uniform Circular Motion 1
5
u A particle moving in a circle with time-varying speed
u Acceleration has both tangential and radial components

71
atan arad
S
v
S
a
u Radial u Magnitude of
component: acceleration = =
stu +
= Caution: =
u Tangential component: ~tP
s t u =


~tP ~tP
=
Non-uniform Circular Motion 1
6
u A particle moving in a circle with varying speed
Speed slowest, arad minimum, atan zero

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Speeding up; atan in Slowing down;
S S
same direction as atan opposite to v
v

atan arad
Speed varies at S
v S S
a |a| 5
different rad
points in the a arad
S
loop! v
S
a Acceleration vector
does not always point
radially inwards.
Speed fastest, arad maximum, atan zero
Quiz 1
7
1. Which of the following is always true about
the acceleration of a body in a uniform
circular motion?

71
A. It is tangent to the circular trajectory.
B. It is perpendicular to the velocity.
C. It is directed outward.
D. It is zero.
Quiz 1
8
Fear is having a panic attack and runs around
with constant speed in a circular path with radius

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15.m. It takes one minute for him to complete
1200 revolutions.
2. What is the distance travelled by Fear
in one revolution?
3. What is his period?
4. How fast is Fear running?
5. What is the magnitude of his
acceleration?
Quiz 1
9
1. Which of the following is always true about
the acceleration of a body in a uniform
circular motion?

71
A. It is tangent to the circular trajectory.
B. It is perpendicular to the velocity.
C. It is directed outward.
D. It is zero.
Quiz 2
0
Fear is having a panic attack and runs around
with constant speed in a circular path with radius

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0.15 m. It takes one minute for him to
complete 1200 revolutions.
2. What is the distance travelled by Fear
in one revolution? 0.94 m
3. What is his period? 0.050
4. How fast is Fear s 19.
running?
5. What is the magnitude of ms
hisacceleration? 2.410

ms=
Credits/References 2
1
u University Physics 13th Ed, H. Young and R. Freedman
Pearson Education 2014
u Physics 71 Lectures by J Vance, M Flores, A Lacaba, PJ

71
Blancas,
G Pedemonte, DL Sombillo, K Agapito