A Digital Library For Learning and Teaching Kinematics

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A Digital Library for

Learning and Teaching
Kinematics
John M. Saylor
Director of Collection Development
National Science Digital Library
Cornell University jms1@cornell.edu
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The Kinematic Models for Design Digital

Library (KMODDL) is a multimedia
resource for teaching the principles of
kinematics (the geometry of motion) and
the history and theory of mechanisms and
machines.
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The core of KMODDL is the Reuleaux Collection

of Mechanisms and Machines at Cornell
University (An ASME National Historical Collection).
Franz Reuleaux
(1829-1905)
developed a system
for classifying
kinematic
mechanisms and
created hundreds of
models to embody his
basic machine
elements.
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Cornell purchased a set of Reuleauxs models in

1882 for use in teaching engineering students
about the kinematics of machines.
The Reuleaux
Collection at
Cornells Sibley
College of
Mechanical
Engineering in a
1885
illustration.
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More than 220 models are still held by Cornells

Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering.
At Cornell today, Reuleauxs models are used in

the teaching of design, dynamics, robotics, art,
and architecture, and historical research.
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KMODDL provides:
still and interactive moving images of kinematic
mechanisms, with systematic descriptions
computer simulations of mathematical relationships
associated with the mechanisms movements,
Key historical and contemporary texts related to the
history and theory of machines,
tutorials that employ the models and simulations in the
classroom at the undergraduate, high school, and
middle school levels,
stereolithographic files for printing working physical
replicas.
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KMODDL began as a collaborative project of CUL librarians

and professors in Cornells Departments of Mathematics,
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, and Computer
Science.
Initially funded (2002-2004) by a 2-

year grant from the National Science
Digital Library (NSDL), a program of
the U.S. National Science Foundation
to build shared digital collections of
materials and services in support of
science education at all levels.
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KMODDL is an autonomous collection housed at Cornell

University Library and is also searchable through the
shared NSDL main portal (http://nsdl.org).
KMODDL shares descriptive metadata with the NSDL

central metadata repository via the Open Archives
Initiative (OAI) Protocol for Metadata Harvesting.
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In the fall of 2004 KMODDL received an

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mechanism collection with MoS (Boston)

and:
to research the potential of rapid prototyping (3D printing)

technology for sharing and teaching with physical artifacts,
and
advance knowledge about the description, storage, delivery,

and preservation of 3D objects in digital libraries by producing
a white paper addressing questions of taxonomy, description,
access provision, asset management, and preservation for 3D
digital objects of various formats
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Representing Kinematic Motion

How to represent 3-dimensional motion in a two-
dimensional medium?
interactive photographic animations
abstract computer simulations
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Interactive photographic animations (QTVR)

A series of still images allows user to control the stages of
kinematic motion:
A sequence of snapshots illustrates the motion of a spiral

pump as the user slides the mouse.
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Computer simulations
An engineer / computer scientist in the KMODDL group has

developed a number of kinematic simulators to illustrate
the geometric motion abstractly.
The simulator allows users to interact spontaneously with

the machine.
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expanding to include more collections and new formats
current focus on 3D printing technology stems from the

project teams understanding of this technology as one that
converts between information and artifact, thus
exemplifying an intersection of library and museum
work.
3D printing technology - means for non-destructive

exchange of working replicas of valuable or rare
physical objects between museum and library
collections, or for direct dissemination to users for
educational and research purposes .
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Reading and Writing Kinematics
KMODDL includes the full-text of resources on

kinematics and the history and theory of
mechanisms:
historical books, (NSF Funds)

original scholarship by project team members and others
tutorials that show ways of using the collections resources
in the classroom
additional Grant of $19K received from CUL to digitize 14
titles (4K+ pages) rare texts
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KMODDL electronic books: 50 scanned -

OCRd titles from the 15th -20th centuries.
Georg Andreas Bckler, Theatrum Machinarum Novum (1661)
A. B. W. Kennedy, The Mechanics of Machinery (1886)
Ferdinand Redtenbacher, Die Bewegungs-Mechanismen (1866)
Franz Reuleaux, The Kinematics of Machinery (1876)
Robert Henry Thurston, The Animal as a Machine and a Prime

Motor, and the Laws of Energetics (1894)
Robert Willis, Principles of Mechanism (1841)

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Curriculum materials and activities

The KMODDL team is producing tutorials to aid instructors
in using the digital library materials in the classroom.
KMODDL includes tutorials for:
University courses in
mathematics, engineering
design, and history of
technology
High school mathematics

and technology
Middle school mathematics

and technology
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Printing in Three Dimensions

K-MODDL is experimenting with rapid-prototyping
technology to reproduce physical models as working 3D
prints from digital files.
original Reuleaux model rapid-prototype model

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More Information:
KMODDL website
http://kmoddl.library.cornell.edu
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