HYDROLOGY

Course Code
506002102014
 Lecturers
Hydrology- Group A (for the students that have odd ID no.)
Assist. Prof. Dr. mer L. Akolu

Hydrology- Group B (for the students that have even ID

no.)

Assist. Prof. Dr. Ebru Eri

First floor- Room no. 112
ebru.eris@ege.edu.tr
Office phone: 0232- 3115041
Book /References
Hidroloji Uygulamalar
Prof. Dr. Mehmetik
BAYAZIT
Prof. Dr. lhan AVCI
Prof. Dr. Zekai EN

Hydrology (in VenChow

David
English) Maidment
Larry Mays Engineering Hydrology
Hidroloji (in Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nurunnisa US
ASSESSMENT
Midterm Examination: 40% (Closed book
exam)
Final Examination: 60%(Closed book exam)
Quiz?

70% attendance is compulsory!

Check lecture webpage (insaat.ege.edu.tr)

regularly for important announcements.
Date CHAPTERS
26.02.2016 Presentation
04.03.2016 Introduction to Hydrology; Hydrologic Circle
11.03.2016 Precipitation
18.03.2016 Application of Examples (Precipitation)
25.03.2016 Evaporation; Infiltration
01.04.2016 Application of Examples (Evap. + Infilt.)
08.04.2016 Groundwater
15.04.2016 Midterm
22.04.2016 Application of Examples (Groundwater)
29.04.2016 Streamflow Measurement and Analysis of Data
06.05.2016 Surface Flow + Application of Examples
13.05.2016 Hydrograph Analysis
20.05.2016 Application of Examples (Hydrograph)
27.05.2016 Statistics in Hydrology + (Application of
Examples)

Final Exams 06.06.2016 - 17.06.2016

Make-Up Exams 27.06.2016 - 01.07.2016
 What is hydrology?
Hydrologyis the science or study of
water,
so it "examines" water and all-things-
related.

The name comes from Greek+Latin

"hidro"(water-Greek) +"logos"(study,
75% of the surface of
knowledge-Latin)
Earth is water
 Water on Earth

Water & Life

75% of a living tree is water.
Human brains are 75% water.
Human bones are 25% water.
Human blood is 83% water.
A person can live about a month without food, but only about a week without water.
 In a scientific way
"Hydrology is the science that treats of the
waters of the Earth, their occurrence, circulation
and distribution, their chemical and physical
properties, and their reaction with their
environment, including their relation to living
things"
(U.S. Panel on Hydrology of the Federal Council for Science and Technology, 1962)
 A Brief History of
Hydrology
In ancient times various hydrologic
principles were successfully applied
in practice.
Early Chinese irrigation and flood
control works and Greek and Roman
aqueducts
The Romanare worth mentioning.
engineer
Marcus Vitruvius (1st
century B.C.)
developed an early
theory of the
hydrologic cycle. Valens Aqueduct(Bozdoan Kem
A Brief History of
Hydrology
 A Brief History of
Hydrology
In the late 15thcentury Leonardo da Vinci
and Bernard Palissy gave, independently of
each other, an accurate explanation of the
hydrologic cycle.
The Bernoulli piezometer and theorem, the
Pitot tube and Chezy's formula are
representative achievements of the
18thcentury.
Early 20th century programmes of
hydrologic research were initiated.
After 1950, high-speed digital computers
opened new perspectives in hydrology.
 Importance of Hydrology in Civil
Engineering
Design and operation of water resources projects
Irrigation
Flood control
Water supply schemes
Hydropower projects
Culver
Hydraulic structures like dams, spillways, culverts etc.
t

Hydraulic structures may fail due to improper

hydrologic design.
A dam may fail due to probable inflows,
evaporation, seepage problems
Bridge and culvert may failure if maximum
design flood is not estimated properly.
CLIMATE CHANGE
 What is climate change?
Climate change is a change in the pattern
of weather, and related changes in oceans,
land surfaces and ice sheets, occurring
over time scales of decades or longer.

Climate change a long-

term shift in weather
conditions identified by
changes in
temperature,
precipitation,
winds,
and other indicators.
 Causes
Most climate scientists agree the main
cause of the current global warming
trend is human expansion of the
"greenhouse effect"

Certain gases in the atmosphere block heat from

Gases that contribute to the
greenhouse effect include:

Water vapor
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Methane
Nitrous oxide
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
 Natural Factors:
Volcanic Eruptions
Variation in Solar Radiation
Movement of Crustal Plates
El Nio-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)

The suns energy received at the top of Earths

atmosphere has been measured by satellites
since 1978. It has followed its natural 11-year
cycle of small ups and downs, but with no net
increase (bottom). Over the same period,
global temperature has risen markedly (top).
Source:USGCRP (2009)
Human Factors
Chart shows CO2levels during the last three glacial
cycles, as reconstructed from ice cores.

burning Fossil fuelscoal,petroleumand

Effects
Whats the difference between
climate change and global
warming?
Global warming refers to the long-
term warming of the planet.
Climate change encompasses
global warming, but refers to the
broader range of changes that are
happening to our planet.
http://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/global-temperature/
 If greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise
throughout the 21st century

Projected
temperatur
e change
(1986
2005 to
2081-2100)

Source: International Panel on

Climate Change - Fifth Assessment
Report (AR5)
Arctic Sea Extent
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=AztEry44A9A
2 4oC warming by ~2100
0.18 - 0.59 meter rise in sea level
World's top
ten
greenhouse
gas emitters
The top 10
greenhouse
gas emitters
make up
over 70% of
total
emissions!
 References
http://climate.nasa.gov/
https://www.science.org.au/
http://www.nature.org/
http://www.bbc.co.uk/
http://climatechange.gc.ca/
http://www.ces.fau.edu/