ABAP Chapter 2

Report Statement
Write & Format Statement
Flow Control in ABAP
Manipulating Character Data
Report Driven : Page Report (List
Header)
 List Processing

Report
Header
Report
Listing
(Body)
 Report Statement
* Syntax
REPORT <report name>
[NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING]
[LINE-SIZE no of columns]
[LINE-COUNT no of lines[(no of foot

REPORT ztest1 NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING

REPORT ztest LINE-SIZE 132 LINE-COUNT 6
sy-linsz
 Text Element : Title&Headers
Report ztest.
Write Hello World.

Text Element
Title and Headers
List Header This is test program by Prapoj

Column Header
Column Column
#1 #2
 Creating Lists
ABAP statement that create list
WRITE
SKIP
ULINE
The complete report list will
appears automatically at the end
of the processing block
 List Buffer

Dialog WP Local Memory

Memory Space
TaskHandler

ABAP Processor
List Buffer
WRITE,SKIP
Dynpro Processor ,ULINE

DB Interface
 WRITE Statement

* Write data
WRITE Hello World.
WRITE: OK, Test data.
WRITE: /15(10) ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO
WRITE /20 Test data.
 Breaking to a New Line

* Write data
WRITE: / First Line, Data 1
/ Second Line, Data 2
/(20) Third Line, Data 3
/35 Fourth Line, Data 4.
sy-
colno
 Text Symbol

Report ztest.
Write: Text-001,
Text-002.
Text Element
Text Symbols
Text Symbol Text

001 Text 1

002 Text 2
Text Symbol
write: / Text-
write: / Text-
write: / Text-
write: / Text-
write: / Text-
 Column Position

DATA colno type I value 10.

write: /5 Hello, at colno World.
write: at /colno OK.
 Options of the WRITE Statement

* Write Syntax
WRITE var [NO-ZERO]
[NO-SIGN]
[NO-GROUPING]
[NO-GAP]
[DECIMALS no of decimals]
 Suppressing Blanks(NO-ZERO)

* No Zero
DATA: number(10) TYPE N VALUE 23.
WRITE: number, number NO-ZERO.
Suppressing Number(+ / -) Sign

* No Sign
DATA: v_integer TYPE I VALUE -1.
WRITE: v_integer, v_integer NO-SIGN.
 NO-GROUPING

* No grouping
DATA: v_integer TYPE I VALUE 120000.
WRITE: v_integer, v_integer NO-GROUPIN
 NO-GAP

* No gap
WRITE: Hello NO-GAP, World.
 DECIMALS

* Decimals
DATA: v_pack TYPE P DECIMALS 4
VALUE 1234.5678.
WRITE: v_pack, v_pack DECIMALS 2.
 Formatting Options

* Format options of WRITE statement

* LEFT-JUSTIFIED for Integer data
* RIGHT-JUSTIFIED for Character data
* CENTERED
test
Data tmp1(20) value test.
WRITE: tmp1 CENTERED.
Inserting Blank Lines(SKIP)

*Skip Statement
SKIP.
WRITE: Hello World, sy-linno.
SKIP.
WRITE: Test 1.
SKIP 5.
WRITE: Test 2.
SKIP TO LINE 20.
WRITE This is line 20.
Inserting Horizontal Lines(ULINE)

* Uline
WRITE: Hello World.
WRITE: /5(35) sy-uline, sy-vline.
ULINE /5(35).
ULINE.
WRITE: / This is an underline.
ULINE /(18).
 Frame

uline: /(45).
write: /1 sy-vline, 'Column #1',
15 sy-vline, 'Column #2',
30 sy-vline, 'Column #3',
45 sy-vline.
uline: /(45).
 Exercise I

sy-datum sy-uzeit
 FORMAT Statement

FORMAT [INTENSIFIED]
[INTENSIFIED OFF]
[COLOR <color>]
[COLOR OFF]
[HOTSPOT ON]
[HOTSPOT OFF]
[RESET]
 FORMAT Statement

FORMAT COLOR 1.
WRITE: / Hello World, Test COLO
FORMAT COLOR OFF.
 FORMAT COLOR
FORMAT COLOR col_heading. color 1
FORMAT COLOR col_normal. color 2
FORMAT COLOR col_total. color 3
FORMAT COLOR col_key. co
FORMAT COLOR col_positive. color 5
FORMAT COLOR col_negative. color 6
FORMAT COLOR col_group. color 7
FORMAT COLOR col_background. color of
Exercise I
 Include Program
You can create a program with program type include
program in the program attribute
Include program do not have to have an introductory
statement
During the syntax check and during program generation by
the ABAP compiler, the INCLUDE statement is replaced by
the source text of the defined include program

REPORT ztest1.
INCLUDE zinclude1.Include
ZINCLUDE1
Program
Data tmp(10).
:

REPORT ztest2
Data tmp1 type i.
Data tmp2 type p.

INCLUDE zincl
Data tmp3.

 Symbols and Icons
* Display Icon or Symbol in List
INCLUDE <LIST>.
WRITE: / Phone :, SYM_PHONE AS SYMBOL.
WRITE: / Alarm :, ICON_ALARM AS ICON.
WRITE: / Green Light :,
ICON_GREEN_LIGHT AS ICON
FORMAT HOTSPOT ON.
WRITE: / Hello ABAP, Hi!.
FORMAT HOTSPOT OFF.
Flow Control in ABAP
 Flow Control in ABAP

Branching ==> IF, CASE.

Looping ==> DO, WHILE.
 IF Statement

IF <Condition>.
<Statement Block>
ELSEIF <Condition>.
<Statement Block>
ELSEIF <Condition>.
<Statement Block>
ELSE.
<Statement Block>
ENDIF.
 IF Statement

IF sy-mandt = 100.
WRITE: / This is Production Clien
ELSEIF sy-mandt = 800.
WRITE: / This is Development C
ELSE.
WRITE: / This is Test Client.
ENDIF.
 CASE Statement
CASE <field>.
WHEN <value1>.
<Statement Block>
WHEN <value2>.
<Statement Block>
...
WHEN OTHERS.
<Statement Block>
ENDCASE.
 CASE Statement
CASE sy-mandt.
WHEN 100.
WRITE: / Production Client.
WHEN 800.
WRITE: / Development Client.
WHEN OTHERS.
WRITE: / Test Client.
ENDCASE.
 DO Statement

DO.
WRITE sy-index.
IF sy-index = 3.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
WRITE: sy-index.
ENDDO.
CONTINUE Statement

DO 5 TIMES.
IF sy-index = 3.
CONTINUE.
ENDIF.
WRITE: sy-index.
ENDDO.
 CHECK Statement

DO 4 TIMES.
CHECK sy-index BETWEEN 2 AND 3.
WRITE: sy-index.
ENDDO.
 WHILE Statement

DATA: count TYPE I value 1.

WHILE count <> 4.
WRITE: sy-index.
count = count + 1.
ENDWHILE.
Logical Expressions
>,GT
<,LT
>=, =>, GE
<=, =<, LE
=, EQ
<>, ><, NE
BETWEEN value1 AND value2
IS INITIAL
Arithmetic Operators
+ , - , * , / , **
DIV
MOD

Example :
9 / 2 = 4.5
9 DIV 2 = 4.0
9 MOD 2 = 1
SQRT( 2 ) = 1.41
2 ** 4 = 16
Character String Operator

T
if AABB co AB.F
if ABCD co ABC.
T
if AXCZ ca AB.
F
if ABCD ca XYZ.
T
if ABCD cp +B*.
Manipulating Character
Data
 Manipulating Character Data

* Substrings with ofsets

DATA tmp(10) VALUE ABCDEFGHIJ.
DEFGHIJ
DATA tmp1(2).
WRITE: tmp+3(7),BCDE
tmp+1(4),
ABCDEFGH
tmp+0(8),
HIJ
tmp+7(3).
MOVE tmp+4(2) TO tmp1.
 SHIFT Statement
* SHIFT Statement
DATA tmp(5) VALUE 12345.
SHIFT tmp. 2345_
SHIFT tmp BY 2 PLACES. 345__
SHIFT tmp BY 2 PLACES CIRCULAR. 34512
SHIFT tmp UP TO 3. 345__
SHIFT tmp UP TO 3 RIGHT. __123
SHIFT tmp UP TO 3 RIGHT CIRCULAR.
45123
SHIFT tmp RIGHT DELETING TRAILING SPACE.
SHIFT tmp LEFT DELETING LEADING SPACE.
 SHIFT

* Shift
DATA name(30) VALUE Alexander Bill
SHIFT name UP TO Bill.
WRITE: / name.
Bill Charles
 SEARCH(Non Case-
sensitive)
* Search
DATA tmp(5) VALUE ABCDE.
SEARCH tmp FOR C.

DATA tmp1(10) VALUE Till Bill.

SEARCH tmp1 FOR Bill.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
WRITE: / SY-FDPOS.
ENDIF.
 TRANSLATE

* Translate
DATA tmp(5) VALUE abc .
TRANSLATE tmp TO UPPER CASE.
TRANSLATE tmp TO LOWER CASE.
TRANSLATE tmp USING 0.
TRANSLATE tmp USING 0aA.
 REPLACE

* Replace
DATA tmp(20) VALUE I was a boy.
REPLACE was WITH am INTO tmp.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
write Replace OK.
ELSE.
write Cannot find data to be replaced.
ENDIF.
 Removing Spaces(CONDENSE)

* Condense
DATA: tmp(20) VALUE I am a boy.
CONDENSE tmp. I am a boy
CONDENSE tmp NO-GAPS.

Iamaboy
 Concatenation String(CONCATENATE)

* Concatenate
DATA: tmp1(2) VALUE AB,
ABCDE
tmp2(3) VALUE CDE,
tmp3(10).
CONCATENATE tmp1 tmp2 INTO tmp3.
CONCATENATE tmp1 tmp2 INTO tmp3
SEPARATED BY
AB CDE
 Split

* Split
DATA: name(30) value David, John, Peter
one(10), two(10), three(30).
split name at , into one two three.
 Working with Date Variables
* Date
DATA today TYPE D.
today = sy-datum.
WRITE: today, sy-
datum+0(4)
Year : , today+0(4),
Month :, today+4(2),
Day : , today+6(2).
 WRITE TO
DATA: today TYPE D, tmp(10).
today = sy-datum.
tmp = today.
WRITE tmp.
WRITE today TO tmp.
WRITE tmp.
CLEAR today.
WRITE today NO-ZERO TO tmp.
WRITE tmp.
 Invalid Date

DATA: today TYPE D.

today = 20061321.
today = today + 0.
if today is initial.
write: / invalid date.
else.
write: / today.
endif.
 Built-in Functions
ABAP provides a lot of built-in
functions
A Built-in function calculates a return
value from an argument
abs = Absolute value of argument
sign = +/- sign of argument
sqrt = Square root
strlen = Number of characters in arg
xstrlen = Number of bytes in arg
STRLEN Built-in Function

DATA: tmp(20) VALUE Test String

count TYPE I.
count = strlen( tmp ).
WRITE count.
STRLEN Built-in Function Example
DATA: tmp(20) VALUE xxax,
cntlen TYPE I.
cntlen = strlen( tmp ).
cntlen = cntlen 2.
if tmp+cntlen(1) = a. cntlen >=
write: / OK.
endif.
 WRITE

*If we need the word like this Im a boy

WRITE: Im a boy.
 Exercise
Create program to display current
month in text for example October
Report Driven : Page
Report
Application Driven
Programming
REPORT ztest.
DATA: today TYPE D.
today = 20061321.
today = today + 0.
IF today IS INITIAL.
WRITE: / invalid date.
ELSE.
WRITE: / today.
ENDIF.
Event Driven Programming
REPORT ztest.
DATA today TYPE D.
TOP-OF-PAGE.
<ABAP statement>
END-OF-PAGE.
<ABAP statement>
START-OF-SELECTION.
<ABAP statement>
 Report Driven List Header
REPORT ztest NO STANDARD PAGE HE
TOP-OF-PAGE.
FORMAT COLOR 1.
WRITE: /5 User Name, 25 Program Nam
ULINE.
START-OF-SELECTION.
WRITE: /5 sy-uname, 25 sy-repid.
 Report Driven Page Footer
REPORT ztest no standard page heading LINE-COUNT 10(2).
TOP-OF-PAGE.
FORMAT COLOR 1.
WRITE: / Page :, sy-pagno.
ULINE.
END-OF-PAGE.
ULINE.
WRITE: / To be continue on next page .
START-OF-SELECTION.
DO 20 TIMES.
WRITE: / sy-index.
ENDDO.
 TOP-OF-PAGE
REPORT ztest no standard page heading.

TOP-OF-PAGE.
FORMAT COLOR 1.
WRITE: / 'Report Header'.
ULINE.

START-OF-SELECTION.
DO 100 TIMES.
WRITE: / sy-index.
ENDDO.
ABAP Program Structure
Report ztest.
*Data declaration
data ...
data begin of ...

*Top-of-Page event
top-of-page.

*End-of-Page event
end-of-page.

*Start-of-selection
Start-of-selection.
ABAP Practice
 Exercise II

sy-datum sy-uzeit

sy-
uname
sy-repid