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INTRODUCTION
Ercan Kahya
Civil Eng. Dept., ITU
of WR systems to
water efficiently.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
RESERVOIRS
Ercan Kahya
Civil Eng. Dept., ITU
- Collection of water behind a dam or barrier for use during ??? flow
period.
Fig. 1.1
Area-elevation curve:
by measuring the area enclosed within each contour
in the reservoir site using a planimeter.
Designing the capacity of a storage reservoir involves
with determination of the critical period during
Inflow < Demand
Incoming
Incoming, Demanded
Volume (106 m)
Volume
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Time (month)
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Flow Run Curve Method
Incoming
Demanded
Volume
Incoming, Demanded Volume
Volume (106 m)
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Time (month)
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Flow Run Curve Method
V3 Deficient
Incoming, Demanded V2 Volume
Volume (106 m)
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
1 2 V13 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Time (month)
V4
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Flow Run Curve Method
Excessive Deficient
Incoming, Demanded
Volume (106 m) Volume Volume
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
1 2 F1
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
F2 Time (month)
F3
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Flow Run Curve Method
- Excessive Volume: F
- Deficient Volume: V
o F > V Va = max V
o F = V Va = max (F,V)
o F < V Va = max F
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MASS CURVE ANALYSIS
Incoming Flow
S, D Cumulative
Curve (IFCC)
(m) S
0 Time (month)
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Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Determine
Determine Reservoir
Reservoir capacity
capacity for
for a
a Known
Known Yield:
Yield:
S, D IFCC
(m) S
D
Demand
Cumulative Curve
Annual Demand
1 year
0 Time (month)
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Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Determine
Determine Reservoir
Reservoir capacity
capacity for
for a
a Known
Known Yield:
Yield:
S, D IFCC
(m) S
Annual Demand
1 year
0 Zaman (ay)
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Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Determine
Determine Reservoir
Reservoir capacity
capacity for
for a
a Known
Known Yield:
Yield:
S, D IFCC
(m) Demand
Cumulative
S
Curve
V3
V2 D
V1
Annual Demand
1 year
0 Time (month)
Recep YURTAL
Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Determine
Determine Reservoir
Reservoir capacity
capacity for
for a
a Known
Known Yield:
Yield:
S, D IFCC
(m) Demand
Cumulative
S
Curve
V3
overflow V2
D
V1
Annual Demand
1 year
0 Time (month)
Recep YURTAL
Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Determine
Determine Reservoir
Reservoir capacity
capacity for
for a
a Known
Known Yield:
Yield:
S, D IFCC
(m)
Max.
S
Reservoir
Capacity V3
overflow V2
D
Demand Cumulative
V1 Curve
Annual Demand
1 year
0 Time (month)
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Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Determine
Determine Reservoir
Reservoir capacity
capacity for
for a
a Known
Known Yield:
Yield:
SUMMARY: using the figure from your text book.
Va = max {Vi}
Water Resources, ITU - E. Kahya
Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Find
Find Possible
Possible Yield
Yield from
from a
a Fixed
Fixed Size
Size Reservoir
Reservoir
S, D
(m)
Time (month)
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Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Find
Find Possible
Possible Yield
Yield from
from a
a Fixed
Fixed Size
Size Reservoir
Reservoir
S, D
(m)
V
D
D2
Time (month)
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Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Find
Find Possible
Possible Yield
Yield from
from a
a Fixed
Fixed Size
Size Reservoir
Reservoir
S, D
(m)
V
Slope = D1 D
V D1
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Time (month)
Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Find
Find Possible
Possible Yield
Yield from
from a
a Fixed
Fixed Size
Size Reservoir
Reservoir
S, D
(m)
V
Slope = D2
V
Slope = D1 D
V D1
D2
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Time (month)
Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Find
Find Possible
Possible Yield
Yield from
from a
a Fixed
Fixed Size
Size Reservoir
Reservoir
S, D
(m)
Slope= D3
V
Slope = D2
V
Slope = D1 D
D3
V D1
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D2
Time (month)
Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Find
Find Possible
Possible Yield
Yield from
from a
a Fixed
Fixed Size
Size Reservoir
Reservoir
S, D
(m)
Slope = D3
V
Slope = D2
Firm
V Yield
Slope = D1 D
D3
V D1
D2 Recep YURTAL
Time (month)
Use
Use of
of Mass
Mass Curve
Curve to
to Find
Find Possible
Possible Yield
Yield from
from a
a Fixed
Fixed Size
Size Reservoir
Reservoir
D = min {Di}
Water Resources, ITU - E. Kahya
SEQUENT-PEAK ALGORITHM (SPA)
(St Dt)
(+)
t
(-)
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SEQUENT-PEAK ALGORITHM (SPA)
(St Dt)
(+)
t
(-)
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SEQUENT-PEAK ALGORITHM (SPA)
(St Dt)
V3
V2
V1
(+)
C = V2
t
(-)
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SEQUENT-PEAK ALGORITHM (SPA)
Vt = Dt St + Vt-1 if positive
Vt = 0 otherwise
Example:
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106 m
Example
Example Contd:
Contd:
If positive
Vt = Dt St + Vt-1
Otherwise
Vt = 0
Analytical
Solution
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Example
Example Contd:
Contd:
Graphical
Solution
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Example
Example Contd:
Contd:
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OPERATION STUDY
used to
- carried out
(500x106 tons/year)
TRAP EFFICIENCY:
Prediction of sediment accumulation
< But, at least, 2-3 years daily data are needed for
calibration of the model. >