RETENTION

IN COMPLETE
DENTURE
 Specific learning objectives
1. Definition and importance of Retention ,
stability and support in complete denture.

2. Factors affecting Retention , stability and

support in complete denture.

3. How to overcome common difficulties(in

brief).
Factor affecting Successful denture fabrication
 Biologic Factors
Physical Factors
Mechanical Factors

Retention Stability Support

Psychologic Physiologic Longevity
Comfort Comfort

Prosthesis Success
 RETENTION
It is the resistance to removal in a direction
opposite to that of insertion. (GPT)

BOUCHER described retention as the most

spectacular yet probably the least important
of all complete denture objectives. This
property may indeed be least important, it
provides psychologic comfort to patient .
 Factors affecting retention
. Anatomical factors
. Physiological factors
. Physical factors
. Mechanical factors
. Oral& facial musculature
. Psychological effects and patients
tolerance
 ANATOMICAL FACTORS
1.Size of the denture bearing area

2.Quality of the denture bearing area

PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS
Saliva-
Quality and viscosity
The most commonly listed factors of
retention include-

A) PHYSICAL FACTORS
Adhesion
Cohesion
Interfacial surface tension
Capillary attraction
Atmospheric pressure.
B) BIOLOGIC FACTORS
Intimate tissue contact
Neuromuscular control
 PHYSICAL FACTORS
Adhesion
It is the physical force involved in
the attraction between unlike
molecules.
Cohesion
It is the physical attraction of like
molecules for each other.
Interfacial surface tension
It is the resistance to separation
possessed by the film of liquid between
two well adapted surfaces.
 Viscous tension refers to the force holding to
parallel force together that is due to the viscosity
of the interposed liquid

Viscous tension is described by stefans law as-

R=radius, K=viscosity of the liquid, H=thickness of the

liquid, F=force, V=velocity
Viscous tension increases proportionally to increase the
viscosity of the interposed liquid and increase in surface
area covered by the denture.
Capillary attraction
It is the force that causes the surface of
a liquid to become elevated or
depressed when it is in contact with a
solid.
Atmospheric pressure
It is the physical factor of hydrostatic
pressure due to the weight of the
atmosphere on the earths surface.
 Mechanical factors

. Undercuts
. Rotational insertion path
. Parallel walls
 Biologic factors
Intimate tissue contact - It is the biologic
factor that refers to the close
adaptation of the denture base to the
underlying soft tissues.
Neuromuscular Control It refers to the
functional forces exerted by the
musculature of the patient that can
affect to retention.
TITILE JOUR CONCLUSION LEVEL OF
NAL EVIDENCE
FACTORS J. Pros. 1. Any procedure which increases 5
AFFECTIN Den. the fluid film thickness, such as
G Sept.. utilization
RETENTIO Oct., of relief spaces, thin borders,
N AND 1962 underextension, and an insufficient
STABILITY posterior palatal
OF seal, should be avoided.
COMPLETE 2.The posterior palatal seal should
DENTURES be carved by the dentist to a depth
somewhat greater than the normal
displacement of the soft tissues in
the palate.
in this location.
3. The facial surfaces of the
denture should be utilized to
increase the wea
of the denture contacting oral
tissues in order to increase
retention.
 MCQs
1. Adequate retention in complete
denture provides-
a. Physiologic comfort
b. Psychological comfort
c. Physical comfort
d. Longivity
2. Which of the following factor is
primarily essential for longevity of
complete denture-
a.Retention
b.Stability
c.Support
d.Esthetics
3. The factor necessary in complete
denture to be firm , stable and
constant while resisting horizontal
and chewing forces is-
a.Retention
b.Stability
c.Support
d.Esthetics
4. BOUCHER described which factor as
the most spectacular yet probably the
least important of all complete
denture objectives-
a.Retention
b.Stability
c.Support
d.Esthetics