PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION

ALGORITHM BASED VOLTAGE

STABILITY USING STATCOM
 Abstract
Transient stability enhancement via
optimal location and tuning of STATCOM
is thoroughly investigated in this paper.
The performance analysis of STATCOM
has been executed for Western Science
Coordinated Council (WSCC) 9 bus
system for the enhancement of transient
stability using Power System Analysis
tool box (PSAT) software.
 TRANSIENT STABILITY OF
THE
POWER SYSTEM

The power system has to maintain

synchronism when subjected to severe
transient disturbances. Here, the disturbances
might be a fault, loss of generation or loss of a
big load.
 PARTICLE SWARM
OPTIMIZATION (PSO)
It is a simple and robust method based on the social
behavior of the species like bird flocking, fish
schooling etc.
The PSO places the particles in the search space with
initial velocities.
The velocities are assigned to the particles randomly .
Each particle in search space will find optimal solution
with the help of two parameters. The two parameters
are velocity and position.
By the help of the two parameters, the fitness
function of the particle has been calculated. Each
particle in the problem space would have its best
solution .
 PROCEDURE FOR PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION (PSO)

Step 1: Initialize each particle's velocity and position.

Step 2: Calculate the fitness value using the objective function and
determine the Pbest.
Step 3: Determine Gbest from the Pbest.
Step 4: Update the velocity and position.
Step 5: Check the solution is feasible or not.
Step 6: If the solution is feasible, check the iteration count.
Step 7: If the iteration count reaches the maximum, stop the
process.
Step 8: If the iteration count does not reach the maximum, then
continue the process from 2-7.
 FLOW CHART FOR
PSO
 OBJECTIVE
FUNCTION
A robust tuning method is necessary to
increase the system damping over different
operating conditions. So, the design of
STATCOM parameters has been formulated as
an Eigen value based objective function .
Here, two sub objective functions are used.
One is minimization of the real part of the
Eigen value and the other one is maximization
of the damping ratio.
The objective functions are represented as,
n
J1 0 i
(
i 1
) 2

n
J2 0
(
i 1
i ) 2

where i 0 , i 0 for i = 1,2 ,n.

The combined objective function J= J1+J2 is
used to have a closed loop eigen values
.The value of is considered as 7.
 POWER SYSTEM STUDY IN 9
BUS
SYSTEM
Loading conditions of the system
Load P Q

Load A 2.00 0.90

Load B 1.80 0.60

Load C 1.60 0.65

Load D 1.60 0.65

9 BUS SYSTEM WITH FAULT

Voltage profile of the system without STATCOM
Bus 6 voltage without STATCOM
Bus 9 voltage without STATCOM
Voltage profile of the System with
STATCOM(Untuned)
Bus 6 voltage with
STATCOM(Untuned)
Bus 9 voltage with
STATCOM(Untuned)
 system study for Tuned
system
K r , Tr

STATCOM parameters are selected to

Population
tune size
as per algorithmic procedure. 100

Kr lower bound -50

Kr upper bound 100

Tr lower bound -10

Tr upper bound 10
Tuned parameters by
PSO
Kr -5.0113

Tr 0.038862
Voltage profile of the System with
STATCOM(Tuned)
Bus 6 voltage with
STATCOM(Tuned)
Bus 9 voltage with
STATCOM(Tuned)
Comparison of voltage profile
Bus Without With STATCOM With STATCOM
STATCOM (Untuned) (Tuned by PSO)
V in p.u V in p.u V in p.u

Bus 1 1.00119 1.06101 1.04045

Bus 2 0.90289 0.97774 1.02449
Bus 3 0.63087 0.96985 1.02687
Bus 4 0.62573 1.01259 1.01006
Bus 5 0.62698 0.9307 0.94329
Bus 6 0 0.99962 1.01894
Bus 7 0.76412 0.96302 1.00207
Bus 8 0.64609 0.93992 0.98006
Bus 9 0.53083 0.97799 1.02268
 Conclusion

The performance of STATCOM in PSAT has

been investigated through the time domain
and power flow simulations.
The optimal location and tuning of the
STATCOM improves the system's transient
stability.
The results are compared with the PSO tuned
STATCOM and un tuned system .
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Thank you