College of Computer Technology Tripoli

Layer 3 VPN MPLS Traffic

Engineering

Students:
Supervisor
Aziza Abdullah
Adel Eluheshi
Abudaia
Malak Hashem
 IP MPLS Architecture

MPLS
MPLS Control /
MPLS
Forwarding Signaling
Use The Best Plane
Plane
Of Both
Leverage Leverage
Worlds
Layer-2 Layer-3
L 2 ( ATM / Control
Forwarding
FR ) Protocol
Efficiency
L3 ( IP ) Flexibility
and
Scalability
 IP MPLS Advantages

RSVP
Any
Resource
Transport
Quickly Layer 2 / 3 Reservatio Fast Re-
Core Free Over MPLS
Switched VPNs n Path Route
Routing Ethernet ,
Performance Services Traffic 50ms
PPP , E1 ,
Engineerin
etc
g
 IP MPLS Architecture
Service (Clients)
P (Provider) router
Label switching router (LSR) Layer-3 VPNs Layer-2 VPNs
Switches MPLS-labeled packets
Transport
PE (Provider Edge) router
Label edge router (LER)
IP/MPLS (LDP/RSVP-TE/BGP/OSPF/IS-IS)
Imposes and removes MPLS labels
CE (Customer Edge) router MPLS Forwarding
MPLS Domain
Connects customer network to MPLS
network
P P
CE PE PE CE

CE CE

PE P P PE

Label switched traffic

 IP MPLS Operation

Basic MPLS Forwarding Operations

How Labels Are Being Used to Establish End-to-end Connectivity

Label imposition (Push)

Label Imposition Label Swap Label Swap Label Disposition
By ingress PE router; classify and (Push) (PoP)
label packets
Based on Forwarding Equivalence
Class (FEC)
P P
CE PE PE CE
Label swapping L1
L2 L3

By P router; forward packets using

labels; indicates service class &
CE CE
destination
PE P P PE
Label disposition (Pop)
By egress PE router; remove label and
forward original packet to destination CE
 IP MPLS VPN Services

MPLS VPN Models

MPLS VPN Models

Technology Options MPLS Layer-2 VPNs MPLS Layer-3 VPNs

MPLS Layer-3 VPNs CE connected to PE via IP-
Point-to-Point Multi-Point based connection (over any
Peering relationship between CE and Layer-2 Layer-2 VPNs layer-2 type)
PE VPNs
CE CE
Static routing

connected connected to PE-CE routing protocol;

MPLS Layer-2 VPNs to PE via L2 PE Ethernet eBGP, OSPF, IS-IS
(Eth, FR, connection CE routing has peering
Interconnect of layer-2 Attachment ATM, etc) CE-CE L2 relationship with PE router; PE
Circuits (ACs) connection (Eth) mp routers are part of customer
CE-CE L2 connectivity routing
p2p CE-CE PE routers maintain customer-
connectivity routing; no specific routing tables and
CE-CE SP exchange customer=specific
routing; no involvement routing information
SP
involvement
 IP MPLS Layer 3 VPN

Virtual Routing and Forwarding Instance

Virtual Routing Table and Forwarding to Separate Customer Traffic

Virtual routing and forwarding table
On PE router
Separate instance of routing (RIB) CE
VPN 1 VRF
and forwarding table
Green
PE
Typically, VRF created for each
MPLS Backbone
customer VPN CE
Separates customer traffic
VPN 2 VRF
VRF associated with one or more Blue

customer interfaces
VRF has its own routing instance for PE-
CE configured routing protocols
E.g., eBGP
 IP MPLS Layer 3 VPN
Layer 3 VPN Services
Overview of Layer 3 VPN VRF
Architecture
Typically CE used is Router
and VRF Created between
CE and PE
Each VRF has its own
Routing Table ( RIB ) and
Forwarding Table CEF

MPLS Edge
 IP MPLS Layer 3 VPN

VPN Forwarding Plane Processing

Forwarding of Layer-3 MPLS VPN Packets

CE2 forwards IPv4 packet to PE2

PE2 imposes pre-allocated VPN label to
IPv4 packet received from CE2
Learned via MP-IBGP
PE2 imposes outer IGP label A (learned
via LDP) and forwards labeled packet
to next-hop P-router P2
P-routers P1 and P2 swap outer IGP
label and forward label packet to PE1
A->B (P2) and B->C (P1)

Router PE1 strips VPN label and IGP

labels and forwards IPv4 packet to CE1
 IP MPLS Route Reflector
Multiple-Sites Full Mesh Connectivity
One of Biggest Challenges for IT Managers is how to
implement high availability , Load balancing WAN
Connections for Multiple Sites , Considering :
- Expensive Cabling Infrastructure
- Complicated P2P Connection

Form Technical Point of View This could become a

painful jobs when we add one or more Site into
current WAN,
Peer formula = n(n-1)/2,

n stands for number of routers

For example 3 routers, will need 3 peer connection
For example 9 routers, will need 36 peer connection
10 routers, will need 45 peer connection
25 routers, will need 300 peer connection
50 routers, will need 1225 peer connection
 IP MPLS Route Reflector

Multiple-Sites Full Mesh Connectivity Via MPLS

WithinIP-MPLS All PEs are Connected

Via Full Mesh Peer 2 Peer Connections.
PE-CE BGP Route Reflector PE-CE
Link Link

PE VPN PE
CE Signaling CE

VPN VPN
Policy Policy
VPN
VPN

CE Policy
Policy CE

PE PE
 IP MPLS Traffic Engineering

Traffic Engineering
Traffic engineering key to optimizing
cost/performance
mize utilization of links and nodes throughout the network IP/MPLS
Head end

ad the network traffic across network links, minimize impact of single failure

e available spare link capacity for re-routing traffic on failure

Tail end
policy requirements imposed by the network operator
PATH

TE
Path
 IP MPLS Network Topology

GNS3 Simulation Topology

Real Gear Topology

 IP MPLS Network Topology

MPLS LDP neighbor on P1 MPLS LDP neighbor on PE1

MPLS forwarding - table on P1 MPLS forwarding - table on

PE1
 IP MPLS Network Topology

MPLS traffic-eng tunnels on Tunnel Path / Connectivity between PC1

PE1 and PC2
Thank you.