Basic Forms of Energy

What is Energy?

Energy is the ability to do work.

Energy is the ability to cause a change.

Energy can change an objects:
motion shape
temperature color
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed

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Nature of Energy
Energy is all around you!
You can hear energy as sound.
You can see energy as light.

And you can feel it as wind.

Nature of Energy
You use energy
when you:
hit a softball.
lift your book
bag.
compress a
spring.
Nature of Energy
Energy is involved
when:
a bird flies.
a bomb explodes.
rain falls from the
sky.
electricity flows in
a wire.
Nature of Energy
What is energy that it can be
involved in so many different
activities?
Energy can be defined as the
ability to do work.
If an object or organism does
work (exerts a force over a
distance to move an object) the
object or organism uses energy.
Nature of Energy
Because of the direct
connection between energy and
work, energy is measured in
the same unit as work: joules
(J).
In addition to using energy to
do work, objects gain energy
because work is being done on
them.
 Energy (E)
Theabilitytoact/capacitytodowork

Energyis apropertyofobjects,transferableamong them

viafundamentalinteractions,

Itcanbeconvertedinformbutnotcreatedordestroyed.

Unitofenergyisjoule(j).
What is Mechanical Energy?
o
Energy due to a
objects motion
(kinetic) or position
(potential).
The bowling ball has
mechanical energy.
When the ball strikes
the pins, mechanical
energy is transferred
to the pins!
Examples of Mechanical Energy
What types of energy are shown
below?

Mechanical and Thermal Energy

(Dont forget friction)
 Sources of energy

Basicallyoftwotypes:

PrimaryorConventionalorNon-renewablesource
SecondaryorNon-conventionalorRenewablesource
 SOURCES OF ENERGY

Variousenergysources.
1. Conventionalenergysources
Coil,oil,uranium

2. Nonconventionalenergysources
EnergieslikeSolar,wind,biogasandbiomass,ocean
thermal,geothermal,fuelcells,hydrogen,tidaletc.
Primary / Conventional / Non-renewable energy

Solidfuels:wood,coal,cokeetc.
Liquidfuels:petrol,diesel,kerosene.
Gaseous fuels: natural gas, producer gas, blast furnace
gas , liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compressed natural
gas(CNG),methane,propane,butaneetc.
Nuclearenergy:nuclearfissionofurabium.
Fission of 1kg of uranium U235 = burning 4.5*106 kg of
highgradecoal=2*106kgofoil.
Non-conventional / Renewable energy

Hydraulicpowerorenergystoredinwater
Windenergy
Geothermalenergy
Tidalenergy
Solarenergy
Waveenergy
Bio-gasandBio-massenergy
Oceanthermalenergy

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What is Electrical Energy?

o Energy caused
by the
movement of
electrons
o Easily
transported
through power
lines and
converted into
 INTERNAL ENERGY

Itistheenergystoredinthesystem.

Jouleslawofinternalenergystatesthatinternalenergyof
perfectgasisonlydependsontemperature.

ItisdenotedbyU.

Wecantmeasureinternalenergybutwecanfindchangein
it.
Draw a flow map showing the flow of energy transformations in a car from starting vehicle to driving. You should
have 5 different types of energy.
 Energy Transfer

Sound
(mechanical)
cal
ec tri
El
Thermal
Mechanical
Electrical

Chemical
E le
c tr
ic a
l
Light
(Electromagnetic)
Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) of a chemical
compound is the relative amount of degradation it can
causetotheozonelayer.

Global Warming Potential (GWP) is a measure of

how much a given mass of a gas contributes to global
warming.

Heattrappedbygreenhousegases
GWP
Heattrappedbysamemassof CO
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