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Project by:- Sagar ,Cheryl ,Sunanada, Rachna &

Smriti.
======David Ricardo=======
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Most important aspects:-
Land of the dying destitute

Mass Illiteracy and Mafia Raj

A withering and repressive State

Criminals free and the innocent trapped

Disinvestment or Disengagement
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Land of the dying destitute
 According to the International Poverty line, there are 456 million people in India Below
Poverty Line (BPL), i.e earning less than $1.25 per day.

 According to the Indian Poverty line, 27.5% of Indians are Below Poverty Line (BPL)

 According to the HPI (Human Poverty Index) which is part of the Human Development
Index (HDI) Report of 2007-08, India ranks 62 nd among 108 developing countries of
the world in terms of poverty of its people.

 According to this same index, India’s per capita GDP (measured in Purchasing Power
Parity or PPP in US $) is only 3452 US $ per year. In this category India ranks 117 th out
of 177 countries precede by Syrian Arab Republic and Nicaragua.

 There are 50-60 million tonnes of food grains are lying unused in the warehouses of the
Food Corporation Of India. For the government the cost of storing these food grains is
around Rs 11,000 crores every year at Rs. 2,200 per tonne of grains.
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Continued……..
 India ranks 125th among 177 countries of the world in the category of life expectancy.
The average life expectancy in India is only 63.7 years as compared to Japan which has
the highest life expectancy in the world of 82.3 years.

 India has the largest number of birth in the world which are about 27 million per year.
The maternal mortality rate in India is 450 per 1 lakh women. And the infant mortality
rate is around 38 per 1000 births.

 Due to population explosion most of these poor people in India don’t have access to
basic necessities like clean drinking water, sanitation and health facilities.
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Lack of basic necessity :-
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Land of the dying destitute:-
Points to remember…

Every year, we callously drive more than 4 million

Indians to a slow death before they reach the age of
forty. (About 25% of all deaths in a year)

If all the food grain lying unused in our warehouses

were to be packed in gunny bags and placed one after
the other, it would make a path to the moon and back.
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Mass Illiteracy and Mafia Raj
 In December 2002, in the 86th amendment of the Constitution Act, a new Article, 21-A
was inserted in Part III. The Article 21-A states that, “The State shall provide free and
compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such manner
as the State may, by law, determine”

 According to the Human Development Index Report of 2004-05, India stands 114 th in
the world among 177 other countries with an Adult Literacy Rate of 61% preceded by
Rwanda & Malawi. More than one-third of the population or close to 360 million
people of age seven and above are illiterate.

 But in reality only about 37.5% of the people in India are termed as Functionally
Literate. (Functionally literate people are people who are capable of reading simple
instructions on how to operate a machine.)
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Continued…..
 In 2001, The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyaan (Education for all) Mission
was started which was pioneered by the ex prime minister of India,
Mr. Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

 In 2008, The Times of India started and initiative called The Teach
India Movement. The motto of this movement is ‘LETS LEARN TO
TEACH’.
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School chale hummm….
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Teach INDIA !!!!
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Mass illiteracy and the Mafia Raj:
Points to remember…

Outof 700 million people who live in

villages, only about 210 million people are
functionally literate.
There is only one teacher per 100 students
in the primary schools in the rural areas of
India.
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A withering and repressive State
 India is in the grip of repression with a dysfunctional judiciary and
with a leadership which is actually just a bunch of incompetent
politicians, disengaged from crucial focus of implementing
protective, welfare schemes for the poor.

 Hiding behind an ineffective judiciary, the state resorts to extra-legal

methods like encounter killing to maintain law and order.

 The political system today in India thinks it is above the law and the
politicians use either their power or thugs to bend the rules and the
law as per their convenience.

 Criminals unofficially rule sometimes as Lords of the streets,

sometimes officially as legislators & ministers.
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Continued…..
 Despite their professed love of Democracy, almost all parties rig
elections in India. Some of our MPs are actually proud of their power
to rig elections and they openly boast about it.

 With the main pillars of Democracy, i.e. the Government & the
Judiciary, rotting away at the core, India has a bleak future indeed.
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corruption…..
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The Withering Repressive State:-
Points to remember…

90% of the politicians give the

other 10% a bad name.
 A government above the law is a
menace to be defeated.
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Criminals free and the innocent
trapped….
 The holding capacity of the 1,328 jails in India is only
around 2,77,304 inmates, but the jails are actually home to
more than 3,80,000 prisoners, that is around 136% of the
total capacity.

 Out of this total number, only around 1,05,000 are convicts

(prisoners serving a sentence). They form only about 28%
of the total number of prisoners in India.

 The rest, i.e. about 2,75,000 prisoners are under-trials

(prisoners awaiting a hearing and sentence form the court).
These form the major chunk on about 70% of prisoners in
India.

 Today more than 40 MPs and 700 legislators (about 25%

of all legislators) in India either have a previous crime
record or are history sheeters.
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Continued …..
 A survey showed that there is a backlog of more
than 30 million court cases in India and on an
average it takes 20 years to resolve a dispute.

 The government is involved in more than 60%

of all civil suit appeals whereas the conviction
rate is as low as 5-6%. This is due to the fact
that most of our public prosecutors are up for
sale. Bribery runs deep in the veins of the
judiciary and the government alike.

 We have entries in the Guinness Book of World

Records for the longest running court case. For
eg. A land dispute in Maharashtra is supposed to
have lasted for 650 years!!
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HIV treat in Mp jails…
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Points to remember about Indian Jails and Judicial
System:-

If we have around 1,00,000 convicts in our Indian

jails today, then we have a few million criminals
outside jail.

There are about 30 million pending court cases in

India and on an average it takes 20 years to solve a
dispute.

India holds the Guinness World Record for the

longest running court case ever.

 
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Disinvestment or Disengagement
 Definition: Disinvestment or divestment
is the sale of equity or the bond capital
invested by the government in PSUs
(Public Sector Undertakings). In other
words it is the liquidation of part of
government holdings in PSUs. However
it is the government and not the PSUs that
receives money from disinvestment.
 Ever since 1991, the government of the
day has tried to sell ownership in public
sector undertakings (PSUs). After 18
years, there is still no clarity on why the
government wants to do this.
 A Disinvestment Commission 1997
was constituted to advise the
government on whether to disinvest
in a particular enterprise, its
modalities and the utilization of the
proceeds. The commission, among
other things, recommended:
 *Restructuring and reorganization of
PSEs before disinvestment,
 *Strengthening of the well-
functioning enterprises, and
 *To utilize the disinvestment
proceeds to create a fund for
restructuring of PSEs.
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Continued….
 The first ruling of this commission
gave impetus to the strategic sale of
many Public Sector Enterprises like
Hindustan Zinc, Maruti, VSNL, etc
since 20000.
 Presently there are about a dozen
PSUs in which the government
holding is between 90-99%, which
includes companies like Hindustan  Therefore the budget proposes that
Copper, MMTC ( Minerals & Metals disinvesting about 10% of stock in
Trading Corporation of India),
NMDC ( National Mineral these PSUs will raise anything
Development Corporation), National from 25,000cr to 37,000cr, while
Fertilizers, Scooters India, etc. Also still retaining with the government,
on the list of prospective PSUs to be about 90% of the holdings of these
disinvested are NHPC (National
Hydro Power Corporation), Coal PSUs. These funds can then be
India, etc. used to reduce the fiscal deficit.
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Budget 09 :--
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Points to remember about Disinvestment or
Disengagement :-

Disinvestment or privatization of PSUs is

fruitful only when its helps the companies
become more efficient and beneficial for the
final consumers in terms of lower prices and
better products, because it is years of
taxpayers’ money which has gone into the
setting up of these State owned enterprises.
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+ A Must WATCH !!!!