4G

Fourth-Generation
Cellular Communication System
AGENDA
 Introduction
 Evolution of Data Standards
 WiMAX
 The Road Ahead
 Closing Thoughts
 4G DEFINITION

4G Fourth Generation Cellular

Communication (4G)

3G 4G is not one defined technology or standard, but

rather a collection of technologies and protocols
aimed at creating fully packet-switched networks
2G optimized for data.

4G networks are projected to provide speeds of

1G 100 Mbps while moving and 1 Gbps while
stationary.

0G
EVOLUTION OF DATA STANDARDS

4G
Zero Generation Mobile
Systems (0G)

3G
The radio telephone system preceded modern cellular
mobile telephony technology (1G).

The radio telephone system contained one central

2G
antenna tower per region. The central antenna required
radio phones to have a powerful transmitter, capable of
transmitting up to 50 miles. The number of radio
telephones per region was limited by the number of

1G available channels.

Unlike closed radio systems, radio telephones were

connected to the public telephone network and were
0G typically mounted in cars, trucks, and briefcases.
EVOLUTION OF DATA STANDARDS

4G First Generation Cellular

Communication (1G)

3G
The 1G cellular telephone system
divided cities into small cells. This
division allowed extensive frequency
reuse across a city, allowing millions to
2G use cell phones simultaneously.

1G cell phone technology encompassed

1G analog standards introduced in the 1980s
and continued until replaced by 2G
digital cell phones.
0G
EVOLUTION OF DATA STANDARDS

4G  Second Generation Cellular

Communication (2G)

3G 2G digital technologies can be divided into two

standards:

2G TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)

- GSM: Originally from Europe but used
worldwide

1G - iDEN: Proprietary network used by Nextel in the

US
- PDC: Used exclusively in Japan

0G CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)

- IS-95: Commonly referred to as CDMA and used
in the Americas and parts of Asia
EVOLUTION OF DATA STANDARDS

4G  Third Generation Cellular

Communication (3G)

3G
3G networks provide the ability to
transfer voice data and non-voice data
(music downloads, emails and instant
messaging) over the same network
simultaneously.

2G 3G networks deliver broadband capacity

and support greater numbers of voice and
data customers at lower incremental costs
than 2G.
1G Standards:
- W-CDMA: Wideband Code Division Multiple
Access
0G - EVDO: Evolution-Data Optimized
 3G VS. 4G

Less Complexity, Faster Transmission

Unlike the 3G networks which are a combination of circuit switched and

packet switched networks, 4G will be based on packet switching only.
This will allow low-latency data transmission.

3G 4G

Leading U.S. Carrier 3G EVDO International Carrier is testing

network currently averages 4G communication at 100
400 to 700 Kbps with peak Mbps while moving, and 1
rates up to 2 Mbps. Gbps while stationary.
3G VS. 4G

4G
3G 100
90

2G
80
70
60
Mbps

50
40

1G
30
20
10
0
3G 4G

0G
4G POSSIBILITIES

4G  Enhanced Mobile Gaming

3G Experience enhanced wireless

capabilities that deliver mobile
2G gaming interaction with latency less
than five milliseconds.

1G Play online multiplayer games while

traveling at high speeds or sitting
0G outside.
 4G POSSIBILITIES

4G Personal Media Repository

3G Create a personal media

repository that can be
2G accessed from home and on
the road to view photos,
watch movies and listen to
1G your personal music
collection.
0G
 4G POSSIBILITIES

4G Virtual Presence

3G Use hologram-generating virtual reality

programs that provide an artificial
presence just about anywhere.

2G For example, decide if you want to

personally respond when someone rings

1G
your front door while you are away from
home.

0G
 4G POSSIBILITIES

4G Broadband Access
Locations
in Remote

3G 4G networks will provide a wireless

alternative for broadband access to

2G residential and business customers.

In addition, 4G will provide the first

opportunity for broadband access in
1G remote locations without an infrastructure
to support cable or DSL access.

0G
 WIMAX

 World Interoperability for Microwave Access

 There are two main applications of WiMAX:

1) Fixed WiMAX (IEEE 802.16-2004) - Fixed WiMAX applications

are point-to-multipoint enabling the delivery of last mile wireless
broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL for homes and
businesses.

2) Mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e-2005) - Mobile WiMAX offers

the full mobility of cellular networks at true broadband speeds.
WIMAX
Fixed WiMAX Architecture
WIMAX
Mobile WiMAX Architecture
WIMAX ADOPTION
Fixed WiMAX Adoption

Fixed WiMAX is currently available however the adoption rate is

impacted by the high cost of equipment in comparison to cable or
DSL.

Fixed WiMAX provides greater benefits for developing countries

that do not already have physical infrastructure to support wired
broadband access.

Mobile WiMAX Adoption

Mobile WiMAX equipment will arrive to carriers toward the end of

2007. However, mobile equipment testing typically takes between
12 to 18 months before the equipment is introduced to the
consumer market.
WIMAX VS. WI-FI
 WiMAX / Wi-Fi Comparison
 WiMAX and Wi-Fi are somewhat independent, addressing slightly
different needs.

WiMAX uses private, licensed spectrum and provides Wi-Fi-like service

with guaranteed performance to larger public areas, similar in coverage to
cellular networks today.

Wi-Fi uses shared spectrum and operates at short distances, making it

ideal for low-cost, private networks (where usage of the network is
constrained to an office building or campus) or free public systems
(where service guarantees are not required).
THE ROAD AHEAD
GOING FORWARD WITH 4G

19
 4G ACCESS OPTIONS

 Embed 4G technology
into all end-user devices

 Developmobile personal
gateways

 Develop external
interfaces with 4G
peripherals
Embedded Laptop Partnerships
 Potential 4G Peripherals

Smaller footprint peripherals have a greater potential

to support multiple devices.

PCMCIA Express Card USB Compact Flash Secure Digital

 Availability of Peripheral Interfaces

Video Digital Xbox

Laptop Desktop Camera Camera PDA 360 PSP PS3

USB                

Bluetooth                

Wi-Fi                

SD I/O Card Slot                

Firewire Port                

Ethernet Port                

PCMCIA                
ExpressCard 34
Slot                
ExpressCard 54
Slot                
Source: Availability based on direct interface or available adapters
 Closing Thoughts

Closing Thoughts
The lack of clarity and overuse of the term 4G could prove its
biggest opportunity, or could spell its premature demise.

As carriers begin to rollout 3G the term 4G may be rendered

meaningless by lack of definition.
However, the rollout of mobile broadband will have a profound
impact on the way we work and live.